Block diagram reduction techniques in control systems.ppt
Minor project report format for 2018 2019 final
1. SMART BULLETIN PLATFORM
A MINOR PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
SHRIKANT SINGH (16UEEE0516)
NIKITA SHANKER (16UEEE0503)
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree
of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology
Avadi, Chennai-62
November, 2018.
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2. BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the minor project entitled “SMART BULLETIN PLATFORM”
submitted by SHRIKANT KUMAR SINGH, NIKITA SHANKER and in partial fulfillment for
the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science and
Engineering is an authentic work carried out by them under my supervision and guidance.
To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the project report has not been
submitted to any other University/Institute for the award of any Degree or Diploma.
Signature of Supervisor Signature of Head of the Department
Mr. XXXXXX., Dr.N.Malarvizhi Ph.D.,
Asst. Professor, Professor,
Department of CSE, Department of CSE,
Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala
R & D Institute of Science and Technology, R&D Institute of Science and Technology,
Avadi, Chennai-600062 Avadi, Chennai-600062.
Submitted for the partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in
Computer Science and Engineering from Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of
Science and Technology (Deemed to be University, u/s 3 of UGC Act,1956).
CERTIFICATE OF EVALUATION
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3. COLLEGE NAME : Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of
Science and Technology
BRANCH : Computer Science and Engineering
SEMESTER : VII
S.
No.
NAME OF THE
STUDENT
TITLE OF THE
PROJECT
NAME OF THE PROJECT
SUPERVISOR
1. SHRIKANT SINGH
NIKITA SHANKER
Smart Bulletin Platform Dr V. VANITHA
The report of the Project submitted by the above students in partial fulfilment for the award of
Bachelor of Technology in COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING of Vel Tech
Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology for the viva-voce
examination held at Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and
Technology on ______________, has been evaluated and confirmed to be the report of the work
done by the above student(s).
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
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4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express our deepest gratitude to our respected Founder Chancellor and President Col.
Prof. Dr. R. RANGARAJAN B.E. (EEE), B.E. (MECH), M.S (AUTO). DSc., Chancellor and
Foundress President Dr. R. SAKUNTHALA RANGARAJAN M.B.B.S., Chairperson Managing
Trustee and Vice President.
We are very much grateful to our beloved Vice Chancellor
Prof. Dr. V RAMACHANDRAN, for providing us with an environment to complete our project
successfully.
We obligated to our beloved Registrar Dr.E.KANNAN M.E., Ph.D, for providing immense
support in all our endeavors.
We thankful to our esteemed Director Academics Dr. ANNE KOTESWARA RAO,
Ph.D., for providing a wonderful environment to complete our project successfully.
We record indebtedness to our Head of the Department. Dr. N. MALARVIZHI., Ph.D.,
for immense care and encouragement towards us throughout the course of this project.
A special thanks to our Project Coordinator Dr. P. BALAMURUGAN., for their valuable
guidance and support throughout the course of the project.
We also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to Our Internal Guide
Dr V. VANITHA. for her cordial support, valuable information and guidance, she helped us in
completing this project through various stages.
We thank our department faculty, supporting staffs, parents, and friends for their help and
guidance to complete this project.
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5. TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO
ABSTRACT 7
1 INTRODUCTION 8
1.1 Aim of the Project 8
1.2 purpose 8
1.3 scope 8
2 LITREATURE REVIEW 9
3 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 10
4 TECHNOLOGIES USED 11-13
5 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 14-15
5.1 Existing System 14
5.2 Proposed System 14
5.3 System Specification 15
5.3.1 Hardware Specification 15
5.3.2 Software Specification 15
6 METHODOLOGY 16-17
6.1 Proposed Methodology 17
7 IMPLEMENTATION 18-20
7.1 Use Case Diagram 18
7.2 Class Diagram 18
7.3 UML Diagram 19
7.3.1 Admin UML Diagram 19
7.3.2 User UML Diagram 20
8 SOURCE CODE 21-38
8.1 Main Page 21
8.2 Admin Page Code 22-23
8.2.1 Generated Output 24-25
8.2.2 Admin Dashboard 25-28
8.3 User Page Code 29-36
8.3.1 Generated Output 37-38
9 CONCLUSION 39
9.1 Future Work: 39
10 REFERENCES 40
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6. ABSTRACT
Smart Bulletin Platform is developed for the schools/college and other type of
examinations to simplify examination hall allotment and seating arrangement. It facilitates to access
the examination information of a particular student through website. The purpose of developing
exam hall seating arrangement system is to computerized the traditional way of conducting exams.
Another purpose for developing this software is to generate the seating arrangement report during
exams at the end of the session or in between the session.
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7. The scope of the project is the system on which the software is installed, i.e. the project is
developed as a web based application, and it will work for a particular institute. Mostly students are
facing many problem for finding the exam hall and their seats respectively .An newly invented
concept can aid for the students for checking their exam halls. This helps them to identify the floor
or get directions to their respective halls without delays. It contains the name of the student, Branch
of the student and the hall number. Hall Details have total number of halls available in the institution
and the name of the hall. Batch Details contains Department Details for ex., C.S.E,
E.C.E,MECH,CIVIL,I.T etc., and the examination timings details have total timing allotted to
students and hall etc.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Aim of the Project
The main purpose of the website is to develop and maintain the examination details which is
user friendly. The website displays the record of examination schedules containing name of the
student ,Roll No, Room No. etc,.Smart Bulletin Platform is developed for the schools/college and
other type of examinations to simplify examination hall allotment and seating arrangement. It
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8. facilitates to access the examination information of a particular student through website. Smart
Bulletin Platform is developed for the college to simplify the allocation of halls to students during
exams. The information is sorted information according to their respective Roll No. Name, etc.
which will be provided by the teacher for a respective department.
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of developing exam hall seating arrangement system is to computerize the
traditional way of conducting the exams. Another purpose for developing this software is to generate
the seating arrangement report automatically during exams at the end of the session or in between
the session.
1.3 Scope
The scope of the project is the designing a web interface and it will be given to a college for
future use.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Model View Controller or MVC as it is popularly called, is a software design pattern for
developing web applications. A Model View Controller pattern is made up of the following three
parts:
i. Model: The lowest level of the pattern which is responsible for maintaining data.
ii. View: This is responsible for displaying all or a portion of the data to the user.
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9. iii. Controller: Software Code that controls the interactions between the Model and View.
MVC is popular as it isolates the application logic from the user interface layer and supports
separation of concerns. Here the Controller receives all requests for the application and then works
with the Model to prepare any data needed by the View. The View then uses the data prepared by the
Controller to generate a final presentable response. The MVC abstraction can be graphically
represented as follows.
Fig 2 (a)
3. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ABBREVIATIONS EXPLANATIONS
HTML Hyper Text Markup Language
CSS Cascading Style Sheets
PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
XAMPP Cross-Platform (X), Apache (A), MariaDB
(M), PHP (P) and Perl (P).
SQL Structured Query Language
PDF Portable Document Format
RDBMS Relational Database Management System
UML Unified Mode-ling Language
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10. 4. TECHNOLOGIES USED
4.1 HTML:- Hyper Text Markup Language, the authoring language used to create
documents on the World Wide Web. HTML defines the structure and layout of a Web
document by using a variety of tags and attributes.HTML documents imply a structure of
nested HTML elements. These are indicated in the document by HTML tags, enclosed in
angle brackets thus: <p>.In the simple, general case, the extent of an element is indicated by
a pair of tags: a "start tag" <p> and "end tag" </p>. The text content of the element, if any, is
placed between these tags. Tags may also enclose further tag markup between the start and
end, including a mixture of tags and text. This indicates further (nested) elements, as children
of the parent element. The start tag may also include attributes within the tag. These indicate
other information, such as identifiers for sections within the document, identifiers used to
bind style information to the presentation of the document, and for some tags such as
the <img> used to embed images, the reference to the image resource. Some elements, such
as the line break <br>, do not permit any embedded content, either text or further tags. These
require only a single empty tag (akin to a start tag) and do not use an end tag.
4.2 CSS:- Cascading Style Sheet is the language for describing the presentation of Web
pages, including colors, layout, and fonts. It allows one to adapt the presentation to
different types of devices, such as large screens, small screens, or printers. CSS is
independent of HTML and can be used with any XML-based markup language.
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11. CSS+HTML actually is truing complete because you can encode Rule 110 in CSS. That said,
it would be prohibitively impractical to try to write programs in HTML and CSS. People who
say they program in HTML are generally mistaken about programming.
4.3 BOOTSTRAP:- Bootstrap is a free and open-source front-end framework for designing
websites and web applications. It contains HTML and CSS-based design templates for
typography, forms, buttons, navigation and other interface components, as well as optional
JavaScript extensions. Bootstrap is a powerful front-end framework for faster and easier web
development. It includes HTML and CSS based design templates for creating common user
interface components like forms, buttons, navigations, dropdowns, alerts, modals, tabs,
accordions, carousels, tooltips, and so on. Bootstrap gives you ability to create flexible and
responsive web layouts with much less efforts. Bootstrap was originally created by a designer
and a developer at Twitter in mid-2010. Before being an open-sourced framework, Bootstrap
was known as Twitter Blueprint.
4.4 PHP:- PHP is a general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited to server-
side web development, in which case PHP generally runs on a web server. The best
things in using PHP are that it is extremely simple for a newcomer, but offers many advanced
features for a professional programmer. Don't be afraid reading the long list of PHP's
features. You can jump in, in a short time, and start writing simple scripts in a few hours.
4.5 XAMPP:- XAMPP stands for Cross-Platform (X), Apache (A), Maria-db (M), PHP (P) and
Perl (P). It is a simple, lightweight Apache distribution that makes it extremely easy for
developers to create a local web server for testing and deployment purposes. XAMPP is
regularly updated to the latest releases of Apache, MariaDB, PHP and Perl.It comes with
other modules including OpenSSL, phpMyAdmin, MediaWiki, Joomla, WordPress and
more.Self-contained, multiple instances of XAMPP can exist on a single computer, and any
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12. given instance can be copied from one computer to another. XAMPP is offered in both a full
and a standard version (Smaller version).
4.6 MySQL:- MySQL is a freely available open source Relational Database Management
System (RDBMS) that uses Structured Query Language (SQL). SQL is the most popular
language for adding, accessing and managing content in a database. MySQL is a freely
available open source Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) that uses
Structured Query Language (SQL). SQL is the most popular language for adding, accessing
and managing content in a database.
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13. 5. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
5.1 Existing System
In existing system the details are uploaded in PDF format which creates difficulty in
searching our name or seating details. We need to go through whole PDF leading to wastage of time
and consumes more time hence it is inefficient. Report generation is also not an easy task in the
current situation. Also if the report is generated then calculations are done manually that leads to
more errors. This system is to enhance manual work and also more energy is wasted to allocate the
seating arrangement.
Disadvantages Of Existing System
Current system is manual so all the records are maintained manually. So the seating
arrangement of students cannot be determined if updating is not done.
i. Time Consuming
ii. Less Efficient
iii. More manual Work Required
iv. Less Accurate
v. Not User Friendly
Hence to overcome this problem we have come up with solution of Smart Bulletin Platform.
Where the examination seating plan details are provided in on-line website.
5.2 Proposed System
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14. In this students can view their details by giving the student registration number, department,
year, class, section and semester. Admin arranges seats for students based on their department, year,
section, semester, and class, subjects with arrears and without arrears. Staffs also verify that no
students of same department, class doesn’t sit together. The scope of the project is the designing a
web interface and it will be given to a college for future use.
Advantages:
a. User Friendly:- This system is user friendly for the retrieval and storing of data. And it is fast
to store the data. It is maintained efficiently. It is more efficient than existing system.
b. Avoid Confusions:- This system can avoid the confusion by providing the examination seating
details on-line and avoiding crowd near the notice board.
c. Very Less Paper Work :-The proposed system requires very less paper work. All the data is
entered into the computer immediately so that work will become very easy because there is no
need to keep data on more papers.
d. Computer Operator Control:-Computer operator control is available so rate of errors will be
less. Storing and retrieving of information is simple. So work can be done correct time and also
good in speed.
5.3 System Specification
5.3.1 Hardware Specifications
i. Laptop or PC required
ii. GB RAM recommended
iii. 20 GB or more hard disk space
iv. Any keyboard
v. Pentium III 630MHz or more(processor)
5.3.2 Software Specifications
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15. i. Microsoft Windows
ii. XAMM server
iii. Sublime Text
6. METHODOLOGY
Examination seating plan is one of the approach to reduce the manual work during the
examination time or period and providing all the facilities online. It is college/school oriented project
where all the details regarding examination such as seating plan,venue, timings, faculty name etc.
can be provided online .Such that students can easily get to know their examination seating details
through online website ,avoiding all those confusion and delay for exam.
The purpose of developing exam hall seating arrangement system is to computerize the
traditional way of conducting the exams. Another purpose for developing this software is to generate
the seating arrangement report automatically during exams at the end of the session or in between
the session.Smart Bulletin Platform is developed for the schools/college and other type of
examinations to simplify examination hall allotment and seating arrangement. It facilitates to access
the examination information of a particular student through website. Smart Bulletin Platform is
developed for the college to simplify the allocation of halls to students during exams.
The scope of the project is the system on which the software is installed, i.e. the project is
developed as a web based application, and it will work for a particular institute. Mostly students are
facing many problem for finding the exam hall and their seats respectively .An newly invented
concept can aid for the students for checking their exam halls. This helps them to identify the floor
or get directions to their respective halls without delays. It contains the name of the student, Branch
of the student and the hall number. Hall Details have total number of halls available in the institution
and the name of the hall.
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16. There are six steps to analyze sentiment data and here’s the graphical representation of the
methodology to do the same.
Fig 6 (a)
6.1 Proposed Methodology
In this project we have proposed the implementation of the online website named as smart
bulletin platform where the student can access the website for examination seating arrangement
details. Which include subject name, date, timings, venue, room no,, faculty name etc.
This module consist of several stages nearly six stages. Firstly the user needs to login into the page
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17. with the provided username and password, once logged In user should select the year in which they
are studying and simultaneously course name.
Once the user selects the subject we will see a list of students name with their examination
seating details such as room no., faculty name etc. Website also consist of the search facility where
the user can easily search their name by entering their particular details. Finally there will be a
logout which we re-direct to the login page.
7. IMPLEMENTATION
7.1 User Case Diagram
A use case diagram in the unified modeling language (UML) is a type of behavioral diagram
defined by and created from a use case analysis. It’s purpose to present a graphical overview of the
functionality provided by a system in terms of actors, their goals(represented as use cases) and any
dependencies between those use cases. The main purpose of a use case diagram is to show what
system functions or preform for which actor. Roles of the actors in the system can be depicted in the
following figure.
7.2 Class Diagram
A class diagram in the UML is a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure
of the system by showing the system’s classes, their attributes, and the relationships between the
classes. Private visibility hides information from anything outside the class partition
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39. This Web application will be very useful because not only it is efficient but also great method
to reduce manual work. Through this application students can easily get to know their examination
seating details such as seat number, room number, timings, faculty name by selecting their particular
year and course name. This will avoid the crowd near the notice board and confusions and mainly it
saves time .Apart from that, it can be extended to creating android application so that it becomes
compatible with mobile users. In today’s day and age work reducing application are much required
because of the increasing demands of new trends.
9.1 Future Work:
We can further extend our project for creating android application and making this software
compatible with mobile users. Where the user can easily get to know their examination seating
details. As now, our software can be used in colleges. But in future it can be used as a centralized
medium in universities so that it can map all the colleges affiliated to it.
10. REFFRENCES
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