Biomedical Waste Management PPT includes in brief explanation.

1. National Webinar on:
“Biomedical Waste Management : Nurses role.
Organized by:
Shree Gopaldev Jadhav College of Nursing,
Kalaburagi.
Organizing Chairperson: Prof. Vijayreddy Vandali,
Principal SGJ CON,
Kalaburagi.
Date: 02-02-2023
Time 2:00PM to 4:00PM
Join us on ZOOM meeting.

2. Biomedical Waste Management :
Nurse’s role.
Prepared by:
Prof. VIJAYREDDY VANDALI,
Shree Gopaldev Jadhav College of Nursing,
Kalaburagi(KA) INDIA.
&
Mr. SURESH GAJI
Assistant Nursing Superintendent
All India Institute of Medical Sciences,
Rishikesh(UK), INDIA.

3. • Definition
• Types of BMW
• Steps of BMWmanagement
• BMW management rule
• BMW management in special situations
• BMW audit
Contents

4. Wastes that are generated during the
• Laboratory diagnosis
• Ttreatment or
• Immunization of human beings or animals
• Research activities
• Health camps
Definition

5. In developing countries, the waste generated falls into two
categories:
Waste Generated in Hospitals

6. Biomedical waste management rules
are not applicable to
• Radioactive wastes
• Hazardous chemical wastes
• Lead batteries
• Solid wastes
• E wastes
• Genetically engineered micro organisms

7. Disposal
Treat
Recover
Reuse
and
recycle
Prevent
and
reduce
Largely based on the concept of the “3Rs”, namely:
Reduce
Recycle
Recover
Waste-management hierarchy

8. Generation
Segregation
Collection
Transportation
Treatment and disposal
BMW management flowchart

9. Waste
segregation
(at the point
of generation)
into color
coded
containers
Pre- treatment
for lab liquid
waste
of waste from
generation site
to central
storage area of
the hospital
Transport to
common bio-
medical waste
treatment
facility
(CBMWTF)
T
reatment
&/or
disposal
Steps of Biomedical Waste Management

10. Specifications of the Receptacles
• biohazard logos
• non-inflammable, autoclavestable
• non-chlorinated with a thickness of≥50
µm
• Prebarcoaded
• biohazard logos
• well-fitting lids
• removable by hand orpreferably
operated by a foot pedal

11. Specifications of the Receptacles
•Puncture-proof, leak-proof and
tamper- proof
•Impermeable container
•Sealing system should have anarrow
mouth

12. Biomedical Waste Management Rule,
India, 2016
(including the amendment added in
2018 and 2019)

14. Type of waste Type of Bag/
container
Treatment/Disposal
options
Human & animal
anatomical waste
and
Yellow coloured
non chlorinated
plastic bags
Incineration/ Plasma
pyrolysis
soiled waste
Expired/discarded Cytotoxic label Sent back to
medicines — manufacturer/
pharmaceutical CBMWTF for
waste, cytotoxic incineration (cytotoxic
drugs drugs at temperature
>1200°C)
YELLOW- Infectious (non plastic wastes)

15. Type of waste T y p e o f B a g /
container
T r e a t m e n t /
Disposal options
Chemical solid waste Yellow colored
containers/nonchlo
rinated plasticbags
Incineration or
plasma pyrolysis
or encapsulation
Chemical liquid waste
such as discarded
disinfectants, infected
body fluids and
secretions, liquid from
house-keeping related
activities
separatecollection
system, which
leads to effluent
treatment system
Pre-treated
before mixing
with
other wastewater
YELLOW –Infectious(non plastic wastes)

16. Type of waste T y p e o f B a g/
container
Tre a t m e n t / D i spo sa l
options
Discarded linen Non-chlorinated disinfection followed
waste yellow plastic bags by incineration/plasma
contaminated with pyrolysis
blood/body fluids,
mask, cap, gown
and shoe cover
Microbiology, Autoclave safe Pre-treat followed by
other clinical plastic bag/ incineration
laboratory waste, container
blood bags, live/
attenuated vaccines
YELLOW- Infectious(non plastic wastes)

17. Category Type of waste Type of Bag/
container
T r e a t m e n t /
Disposal options
Infectious
plastic
waste
Disposable items
tubing, bottles,
intravenous tubes
and sets, catheters,
urine bags,
syringes (without
needles),
vacutainers
gloves,
plastic apronand
goggles
Red colored
non-
chlorinated
plastic bags
or containers
 Autoclaving/
microwaving
Mutilation/
shredding
Treated waste
- recycled
RED

18. Category Ty p e o f w a s t e Type of Bag/
container
T r e a t m e n t /
Disposal options
Sharps Waste sharps
including metal
sharps:Needles,
syringes with
fixed needles,
needles from
needle tip cutter
or burner,
scalpels, blades
etc.
Puncture-
proof, leak-
proof,
tamper-proof
containers
Autoclaving/dry
heat sterilization
followed by:
Shredding or
mutilation or
encapsulation
Sanitary landfill/
Designated
concrete waste
sharp pit
WHITE

19. Category Type of waste Type of Bag/
container
Treatment/ Disposal
options
Glasswares a)Glasswares : Puncture- Disinfection
Soaking the
washed glass
waste after
cleaning with
detergent and
sodium
hypochlorite
treatment (1-2%)/
Autoclaving/micro
waving/hydroclavi
ng and recycled
and
metallic
body
implants
Broken or discarded
and contaminated
glass including
medicine vialsand
proof, leak-
proof
containers
ampoules except
those contaminated
with cytotoxic
wastes
b) Metallic body
implants: Dental
and others
BLUE

20. Bag
s
Waste segregation Method of disposal
Y
ellow
Infectiousnon-
plastic waste
INCINERATION
Red
Infectious plastic
waste
AUTOCLAVING/MICROWA
VING
Followed by SHREDDINGand
RECYCLING
White
Metal sharp
AUTOCLA
VING/
MICROW
A
VING
Followed bySHREDDING
Blue
Broken glassitems
and metalimplants
DISINFECTION, AUTOCLAVINGOR
MICROW
A
VINGOR
HYDROCLAVINGandRECYCLING

21. • Double bags – adequate strength and no leaks
• Labelled as Covid19
• The (inner and outer) surface of
containers/bins/trolleys should be disinfectedwith
1% sodium hypochlorite solution daily
• Separate storage and transportsystem
Guidelines for handling of COVID-19
patients wastes.

22. Nurses role in Biomedical Waste
Management
• It starts from segregation till the treatment of waste.
• Ensure that waste bags/containers are properly sealed
and labeled.
• Bags should not be filled completely, so that bags can be
picked up by the neck again for further handling. Hand
should not be put under
• At a time one should be lifted.
• Manual handling of waste bags should be minimized to
reduce the risk of needle stick injury.

23. Continued..
• Regular visit to all the wards and high risk units.
• Ensuring that all samples (Blood, urine and stool etc.) are
collected and disposeproperly.
• Monitoring and supervising the staff weather they are
doing safe disposal of waste as colour coded.
• Prevention of hospital acquired infections byfollowing
universal precautions.

24. Continued..
• Avoid needle stick injuries and body fluid exposure.
• Collect waste when the bin is3/4th full.
• Avoid using common lift to movewaste.
• Avoid spillage & Clean spillswith disinfectant.
• Immunize self and others time to time andmaintain
records.
• Report major accidents.

25. 1.Metal sharps management :
• Needle cutter orburner
Prevents reuse/recap
Reduces the volume
Recycling syringebarrels
after disinfection
• Handed over to theCBWTF or sharp pits
BMW Management in Special
Situations

26. 2.Glassware management:
• Pretreatment – 1% chlorine solution for 20 mins or
Autoclave
• Handed over to the CBMWTF for final treatment and
disposal/recycling
BMW Management in Special
Situations

27. 3.Cytotoxic drugs wastes
• Highly hazardous
• Neverlandfilled or directly discharged
into the sewagesystem
• Appropriate PPE should beworn
• Receiving and transport policies – trained persons
• Unpacking – ventilatedarea with negative pressure
BMW Management in Special
Situations

28. 3.Cytotoxic drugs wastes(Cont..)
• Cytotoxic drug preparation room – Class II BSC with
HEPA filter ,exhaust fan, emergency eye wash station and
cytotoxic spill kit
• Drug administration
Appropriate PPE
Safety engineered needles and needleless
administration systems
• Collection – Yellow bags labelled with cytotoxic symbol
BMW management in special situations

29. Cytotoxic Spill Kit
• Cytotoxic container
• Cytotoxic bag
• Cytotoxic
degrading agent
• Hypochlorite solution
• Water
• PPE
• Absorbant
• Forceps
• Scissors
• Tape
• Marker pen
• Dust pan
• Shovels
• Mops
• Securing sinage
• App. Disposal
bags

30. Cytotoxic wastes disposal techniques:
• Return to the supplier
• Incineration at higher temperature – 1200 Deg Cel
• Chemical degradation
-Require expertise
-Sodium hypochlorite,hydrogen peroxideand
fenton reagent
• Newer methods : Encapsulation/inertization
BMW management in special
situations

31. 4.Liquid waste management
• Pretreatment – 1 to 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for
30 mins
• Effluent treatment plant – remove thesuspended
solids and organicmatter
• Prevents direct mixing of hospital drainage system
with the municipal drainagesystem
BMW management in special
situations

32. • Gloves 2 pairs
• Apron
• Surgical mask
• Goggle
• Shoe over or plastic bag to cover theshoes
• Sodium hypochlorite solution
• Absorbent material like newspaper or blottingpaper
• Waste collection bag
Blood Spill Kit

33. Any spillage, attend immediately,mark the
spillage area,put wet floor signage
Wearappropriate PPE
Remove any broken glass pieces with
forceps and discard in Puncture proof
and leak proof boxes or containers with
blue coloredmarking
Confine the spill by placing absorbent
cloth or paper to solidify and clean
with soap and water
Attend to Body
Fluid Spill

34. Clean with chlorine based disinfectant
Smallspill
(<10cm)
Largespill
(>10 cm)
0.05% sodium
hypochlorite
solution
0.5% sodium
hypochlorite
solution
Contact time – 10 mins
Rinse the area with clean water
Discard the PPE and the wastes in
appropriate bags and
Perform handwash
Immediately Attend
to Body Fluid Spills!

35. Management of Mercury Spills
1. Mercury
spill
2. PlaceCaution
board
3.Mercury
spill kit
5.WearPPE
6.Aspirate
7.Store in 5 to 10ml
water
8.Label and Send to
CBWTF
4. Removejewels
• 4 to 5 Zip lock covers
• Plastic container withlids
• Syringe withoutneedles
• Flashlight
• Powdered sulphur/zinc /copper- vapour suppressing
agents
•Hydrogen peroxide and cotton swabs for final cleaning

36. Spill Kit

37. • Audit by direct observation
• By CCTVcamera
• Surveys through structured questionnaires
Monitoring of BMW Management

38. BMW Auditor
BMWsegregation
compliance rate
No of wastes disposed
appropriately
=
Totalno of items
x100

39. Provides information about.
• Colour of the bag
• Weight
• Occupier information
• Operator information
•Helps in real time monitoring
•Scanning by mobile app/scanner
Bar Code System

44. References.
• WHO https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-
sheets/detail/health-care-waste
• CDC https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/envir
onmental/background/medical-waste.html
• JIPER Puducherry https://jipmer.edu.in/department/bio-
medical-waste-
management/general-info
https://www.jipmer.edu.in/sites/default/files/BMWM.pdf
• POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
https://cpcb.nic.in/technical-guidelines-2/

45. Thank You