The document summarizes key aspects of hospital pharmacy, including its functions, objectives, location, layout, personnel requirements, and organization. The main points are: 1. Hospital pharmacy is responsible for procuring, storing, dispensing, and distributing drugs to patients. It aims to ensure timely access to the right medications at minimum cost while providing counseling services. 2. The objectives of hospital pharmacy include ensuring drug availability, counseling staff and patients, coordinating with other departments, participating in research, and serving as an information center. 3. Hospital pharmacy should be located on the ground floor for easy access and near outpatient areas. It requires space for dispensing, storage, manufacturing, and quality control functions.

1. HOSPITAL
PHARMACY
Prepared by:
Ms. Shivanee Vyas
Assistant Professor
SVKM’s NMIMS, School of Pharmacy and Technology
Management 1

2. Content
• Introduction
• Functions and objectives of Hospital Pharmaceutical service
• Location, Layout, Flow chart of material and men
• Personnel and facilities requirements
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3. Hospital Pharmacy
• The Hospital pharmacy may be defined as that department of the hospital that deals
with procurement, storage, compounding, dispensing, manufacturing, testing,
packaging, and distribution of drugs. It is also concerned with education and research in
pharmaceutical services. A hospital pharmacy is controlled by a qualified pharmacist.
• The hospital pharmacy exerts a great deal of influence on the professional status of the
hospital as well as the economics of the total operational cost of the institution.
Modern-day hospital pharmacy also provides clinical pharmacy services of drug
monitoring and drug information system.
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4. OBJECTIVES
The practice of hospital pharmacy started in India in 1941. the objectives of hospital pharmacy are:
1. To ensure the availability of the right medication, at right time in the right dose at the minimum
possible cost.
2. To act as a counselling department for medical staff, nurses and for patient.
3. To co-ordinate and cooperate with the other department of a hospital.
4. To participate in research work.
5. To act as an information center about drugs.
FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY
Pharmacy is recognized as an essential hospital service in all the major hospitals. It is managed by
professionally qualified pharmacists. It has been realized that only trained pharmaceutical personnel are
capable of purchasing, storing, handling, pricing, and dispensing medications. It is the pharmacist who is an
expert who provides all information regarding drugs to the health professionals and also to the public.
Therefore, he acts as a link between the physician and the patient. A pharmacist is required to perform
various functions in hospital pharmacy which are described as: 4

5. 1. Proper storing of drugs.
2. Manufacturing and distribution of medicaments such as transfusion fluids, parenteral products. tablets, capsules, ointments, and
stock mixtures.
3. Dispensing and sterilizing parenteral preparations which are manufactured in the hospital.
4. Dispensing of drugs as per the prescriptions of the medical staff of the hospital.
5. Filling and labeling of all drug containers from which medicines are to be administered.
6. Checking and maintaining records of drugs includes the purchase of drugs, proper storage conditions, and maintenance of records.
7. Patient counseling service while supplying drugs especially from the outpatient department.
8. To check the received materials for their standards.
9. Providing cooperation in teaching and research programs of the hospital.
10. Discarding the expired drugs and containers with worn and missing labels.
11. Providing drug monitoring services by studying various effects of drugs administered to the patients especially the indoor patients
from "Patient charts” maintained in the wards etc.
12. To furnish the information about drugs to the patients and clarify queries asked by patients and thus it acts as an information and
counseling center.
13. To take part in research study and to cooperate with other departments.
14. To take part in various programs arranged by hospitals for better community health.
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6. Hospital
Pharmacy
Dispensing
Purchasing
&
inventory
Control
Statics and
Report
Manufact
uring
Teaching
Research
Storage
Control
• Medical, surgical supplies
• Laboratory supplies
• Ward or floor stock supplies
• Alcohol
• Narcotics
• Large volume parenteral
• Small volume parenteral
• Surgical irrigation fluids
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7. LOCATION AND LAYOUT OF HOSPITAL
LOCATION:
• Hospital pharmacy department should be located at ground floor or at first floor of the hospital.
• It should be away from inpatient department.
• It should be near to outpatient department, hospital library, drug information centre and should be
attached to the manufacturing unit of hospital pharmacy.
• The space for hospital pharmacy department should be minimum 250sq. Feet as per schedule N.
• According to bed capacity of hospital type of work and workload norms, the requirement of
pharmacist is fulfilled.
• At least 3 pharmacist should be appointed for any small hospital.
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8. Manufacturing section
Aseptic section
Administrative
section
Open space
Dispensing
Passage
Raw material
Store
Finished products
Typical layout of Hospital Pharmacy 8

9. • Due to location of hospital pharmacy at ground floor, easy dispensing to the outpatient and to other
departments is possible.
• Hospital pharmacy should have adequate space separately for cold storage, storage of narcotic
drugs, radiopharmaceuticals, manufacturing section, for outpatient dispensing, for labelling, packing
weighing and compounding for central sterile supply.
• The hospital pharmacy department should have pleasant look and enough space and furniture.
• The education posters, informative hanging charts should be adhere on wall, to fill up the waiting
time.
• The light literatures, newspapers, educative magazines should be provided in waiting room.
• The wall should be painted by light colour and should have smooth surface.
• If the manufacturing section is started in hospital, it should be attached to main pharmacy
department.
• These supplies are stored and dispensed according to the need to the inpatients or outpatients
ultimately.
• It keeps quality control over the receipts.
• For inpatients the supplies are provided through nurses through the ward pharmacies.
• Outpatients medications are supplied through the outpatient pharmacy.
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10. FLOW CHART OF MATERIALS
• Hospital pharmacy receive its supply of materials either form outside manufacturing unit or manufacturing
units present inside the hospital.
Flow chart of materials
Medical store or outside manufacturing units
Recipient
Medicines and other supplies
Hospital Pharmacy
Quality control
Hospital pharmacy manufacturing units
Medicines and other supplies
Outpatient Pharmacy
Outpatient
Ward Pharmacy Nurses Inpatient
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11. REQUIREMENT OF SPACE AND EQUIPMENT
• The type of hospital, bed capacity of hospital decide the space for pharmacy department. As per
schedule N the space for pharmacy department should be minimum 250 sq. feet.
• The separate area should be provided to dispensing and distribution, for drug store, for sub-department
of pharmacy. If manufacturing section is also opened in hospital, separate equipment's and space
should be provided to the section as per the norms.
 Facilities and equipment required for dispensing and distribution
a. Prescription cabinet h. Office desk p. Locker
b. Storage cabinet i. Filling cabinet q. Notice board
c. Working table j. Cupboard for keeping journals and books
d. Counters k. Fluorescent lamp
e. Refrigerator, oven m. Sink with adequate drainage facility
f. Sterilizers n. Separate cupboard for narcotics
g. Cabinet for keeping glassware o. Shelves rakes
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12.  For manufacturing section:
a. Containers for manufacturing
b. Containers and closures
c. Packaging materials
d. Balance and weighing
e. Machineries required for manufacturing and packing
f. Water distillation stills
 For sterile products/ section
a. UV lamps
b. Laminar flow
c. Bacteria proof filters
d. Aseptic cabinet etc.
 Requirement of pharmacists/ personnel
Pharmacist should be engaged with maximum 10 patients. The number of pharmacists required is:
Up to 50 beds 3 pharmacist
Up to 100 beds 5 pharmacist
Up to 200 beds 8 pharmacist
up to 300 beds 10 pharmacist
Up to 500 beds 15 pharmacist
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13. 13
QUALIFICATION AND ABILITIES REQUIRED FOR HOSPITAL PHARMACISTS
• The head of hospital pharmacy department should be at least M. Pharm in pharmacology, Clinical
pharmacist should have a degree such as master in clinical pharmacy. Quality control in charge should be
M. Pharma (analytical chemistry) and assistants should be B. Pharm or D. Pharm. The head of the
hospital pharmacist should have following abilities:
1. Administrative ability
2. Technical ability
3. Academic ability
4. Ability to develop manufacturing section
5. Ability to control

14. 14
1. Administrative Ability
• He should have the ability to plan, organize, direct, and control various activities and functions of the hospital
pharmacy department.
• He should have the ability to select the staff for the pharmacy department and to train and guide them.
• He should prepare a proper work schedule, purchasing, budget and should develop a better pricing system for
costing prescriptions.
• He should have the ability to interact properly with other departments.
• He should motivate his staff for achieving greater heights in the functioning of the pharmacy.
• He should have information about the government rules and regulations for proper record-keeping related to
drug distribution, purchasing, utilization, etc.
2. Technical Ability
• He should have knowledge about the storage of drugs, drug interactions, precautions, dose of drugs.
• He should develop a proper drug distribution system, the proper way of dispensing, and a good pricing system
of medicines.
• He should know the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, pharmacological, and pharmacotherapeutic
aspects of drugs.
• He should clarify the queries asked by the assistants or physicians.

15. 3. Academic Ability
• He should have the ability to develop suitable training programs for pharmacists.
• He should have the ability to guide pharmacy staff to conduct active research useful for the development of the
product, dispensing, and pricing system.
• He should motivate his staff for medical and pharmaceutical research.
• He should provide research and training material to the staff.
• He should take part in seminars and programs arranged by the hospital.
• He should provide motivation to the staff in taking patient care and to perform better functioning of the
departments.
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16. 4. Ability to Develop Manufacturing Section
• He should have knowledge about pharmaceutics.
• He should have the ability to prepare the estimate for starting the manufacturing section.
• He should know the standards required for manufacturing particular dosage forms.
• He should know about the instruments and machinery, apparatus required for the manufacturing of dosage forms.
5. Ability to Control
• He should have control over the inventory of drugs and over the money expenditure.
• He should have the ability to develop a suitable procedure for purchasing drugs etc.
• He should have the ability to control his staff of his department.
• He should be able to inspect any sub pharmacy department at any time.
• He should maintain the smooth functioning of the pharmacy department.
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17. organization of the hospital pharmacy department
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The organization pattern of the hospital pharmacy department depends upon the duties and functions carried out by
the hospital pharmacy department. A separate pharmacist should be engaged as the head of the department.
In large hospitals, the separate in-charge for each department is appointed.
The head of the hospital pharmacy department should be M Pharm in pharmacology with adequate abilities like
administrative ability, technical ability, etc.
Head of Hospital pharmacy department
(M. Pharm in pharmacology)
In charge of dispensing
and distribution
In charge of
clinical pharmacy
In-charge of
DIC
In charge of
drug store
In charge of
section
In charge of
quality control
D. Pharm B. Pharm B. Pharm
Two B. Pharm
Two B. Pharm
M. Pharm
(Analytical chemistry)
M. Pharm
(Pharmaceutics)
B. Pharm

18. • The head of the hospital pharmacy department is assisted by heads of dispensing and distribution and also of DIC,
drug store, clinical pharmacy, quality control, and manufacturing unit.
• The head of the drug store should be D Pharm and that of manufacturing section, M Pharm in pharmaceutics. The
heads from other sub departments should be at least B Pharm.
• Only the quality control department should have a head from analytical chemistry and at least a master's degree in
pharmacy (M Pharm).
• In-charge of the manufacturing section is assisted by two bachelors in pharmacy, in-charge of the quality control
section is assisted by two B Pharms.
• In-charge of dispensing and distribution is assisted by two D Pharms.
• as per workload, the staff pattern may be changed.
• In the manufacturing section helpers and other assistants as compared to sections such as DIC, etc.
• The quality control department requires assistants for performing.
• analysis and checking of every incoming material and finished product.
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