single phase full wave bridge invertor

1. TOPIC
SINGLE PHASE FULL WAVE BRIDGE INVERTOR
Submitted to:
MR. SOMESH CHATURVEDI
Asst. Prof.
Department of electrical engineering
Career Point University Kota
Submitted by:
SHIVAM
UID-K11915
VIth sem/IIIrd year
Dept. Of mechanical engineering
CAREER POINT
UNIVERSITY

2. INDEX
1. AIM
2. INTRODUCTION
3.CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
4. WORKING
5.POSITIVE HALF CYCLE
6.NEGATIVE HALF CYCLE
7.OBSERVATION AND CONCLUSION
8.USES
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY

3. AIM
To construct a Full Wave Bridge invertor and show that the
(AC) alternating current is rectified into a direct current
(DC).

4. INTRODUCTION
A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating
current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct
current (DC), which flows in only one direction. The process is
known as rectification. Rectification produces a type of DC
that encompasses active voltages and currents, which are then
adjusted into a type of constant voltage DC, although this
varies depending on the current's end-use. The current is
allowed to flow uninterrupted in one direction, and no current
is allowed to flow in the opposite direction.
Physically, rectifiers take a number of forms, including
vacuum tube diodes, mercury-arc valves, copper and selenium
oxide rectifiers, semiconductor diodes, silicon-controlled
rectifiers and other silicon-based semiconductor switches.
Rectifier circuits may be single-phase or multi-phase. Most low
power rectifiers for domestic equipment are single-phase, but
three-phase rectification is very important for industrial
applications and for the transmission of energy as DC.

5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

6. WORKING
When the AC is supplied to the transformer, it step down the
240V main supply to 12V. It has a capability of delivering
700mA. The 12 volts AC appearing across the secondary is
the RMS value. The four diodes labelled D1 to D4 are
arranged in “series pairs” with only two diodes conducting
current during each half cycle. The four diodes labelled D1
to D4 are arranged in “series pairs” with only two diodes
conducting current during each half cycle. During the
positive half cycle of the supply, diodes D1 and D2 conduct
in series while diodes D3 and D4 are reverse biased and the
current flows through the load as shown below

7. The Positive Half-cycle
During the negative half cycle of the supply, diodes D3 and D4
conduct
in series, but diodes D1 and D2 switch “OFF” as they are now
reverse biased. The current flowing through the load is the
same direction as before.

8. The Negative Half-cycle
In subsequent Half cycles of the AC Current the above process are
repeated. In both the half cycles it is clear that current flows through
the resistor in only one direction. Even though the voltage across load is
unidirectional it will still contains a few AC components. This is filtered
and made smooth using a capacitor, which filters 99% of the AC current.
A resistor is then used to adjust the output voltage. Capacitor also
nearly filters all AC components from supply and resistance is adjusted
for the required output. As this is a simple circuit, two capacitors and
one resistor are being used. The output Direct Current and voltage light
up the LED and other source connected with it.
.

9. OBSERVATION & CONCLUSION
On connecting a voltmeter to the output of
bridge circuit 12V current is coming.

10. Advantages of Full Wave
Rectifier
Efficiency is higher.
The large dc power output
The ripple factor is less

11. Disadvantages of Full
Wave Rectifier
PIV rating of diode is higher.
Higher PIV diodes are larger in size and
costlier.
The cost of center tap transformer is high.

12. USES
Most electronic device cannot withstand very high
voltage or alternating current due to its intense high
power. The use of batteries in all devices is not
practical as their replacement and durability is a huge
problem as the devise has to be dismantled each time
for such replacement. So these rectifiers are used in
most of the electronic devices like TV‟s, Radios,
Chargers and Lightings etc. The common uses of
rectifiers are to supply polarized voltage for welding,
detection of amplitude modulated radio signals

13. BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.HELP FROM TEACHERS
2. HELP FROM INTERNET
WEBSITES
www.google.com
www.scribd.com
www.wikipedia.com

14. THANK YOU