1. ARS
KSRM
A REPORT
ON
ACTION RESEARCH
SEGMENT
2015-2016
Study Conducted By
Action Aid
SUBMITTED BY- PANCHALI (15201014)
SHEKHAR(15201023)

2. ARS
KSRM
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are grateful to the Secretary of Bithari Disha and
GBS ,both the NGO's of two different district, Bithari
Disha of North24 Pragnas and GBS of Coachbehar.
We are deeply appreciated for the numerous guidance
made by the secretary for helping us to complete this
project work.
We wise to express our sincere gratitude and thanks to
Mr Dilip Pal and MR Attur Saleem for providing us
homely atmosphere and encouragement in completing
this project .
We are also grateful for the kind co-operation provided
to us by the faculties.
Last but not the least we express our thanks to all of
the villagers for co-operating in completion of our
project.

3. ARS
KSRM
ORGANISATION WORK
BITHARI DISHA (SWARUPNAGAR)
Works for the Water and sanitation problems of the
village.
 Works for Arsenic free village.
GITALDAHA BIKASH SAMITY
(COACHBEHAR)
 We are thinking of such a society where there will be law, peace,
love, respect and gratitude.
There shall be no racial discrimination, religious differences, Rights
Violation , Gender wise Discrimination.
People shall be Food security, proper livelihood option, work
employment for everyone and their knowledge shall be the power of
the society .

4. ARS
KSRM
RESEARCHMETHODOLOGYrefers to the process used
to collect informationand data for the purposeof making
decisions.The methodology includesinterviews, surveys,
researchtechniques.
The processwe used to collect data to studythe livelihood
of the peoplein the villagewas Quantitativeand
QualitativeMethodologyand PRA tools.
The methodologyincludesGroupdiscussions,Interviews,
Household surveys
Quantitativestudy helps us to collect data on the basis of
surveys, interviews .
Quantitativestudy help us to know about the sourceof
income, expenditure, health, sanitation, and education of
the villagers.
The qualitativestudyalso helps us to know about how
much peopleare dependenton resources.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
The sampling techniquewe used was purposivesampling
becausewe have collecteddata on the basisof our target
group was SC and different
kindsof activities which SC are involvedin.
Variousactivitiesin which SC are involvedin for income
are - cultivation, agrilabour , non-agri labour,petty
business, milkproduction, livestockrearing.

5. ARS
KSRM
SAMPLE SIZE
We surveyed 60 Householdin which 58 familywere SC, 1
Generalfamily,1 OBC family
SC HH OBC HH GEN HH
58 1 1

6. ARS
KSRM
Participatory Planning
Participatory Planning is a part of social learning process that can
enhance the prospects for successful implementation provide opportunity
for reflection and create a mutuality of respect between different
stakeholders in planning area.
Main Tools Used In PRA
 Social Mapping
 Resource Mapping
 Activity Clock
 Vulnerability Analysis
 Transcend Walk
Relevance of PRA in planning
 Responding to the needs of communities and target group
 More emphasis on flexibility to adapt to time frame of community
 End product mainly used by community

7. ARS
KSRM
FINDINGS
POPULATION FINDINGS
MALE FEMALE TOTAL
534 433 976
SURVEY FINDINGS
SC OBC GEN TOTAL
58 01 01 60
INCOME FINDINGS
CULTIVATION AGRI
LABOUR
NON AGRI
LABOUR
PETTY
BUSINE
SS
LIVESTOCK
REARING
16 7 24 2 1
Caste does not play any role in occupation as the
village is SC dominated.

8. ARS
KSRM
RELATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT
CASTES IN SOCIO ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
SC AGRI
LABOUR
SC NON
AGRI
LABOUR
GEN AGRI
LABOUR
OBC AGRI
LABOUR
34 24 1 1
12. SANITATION FINDINGS
SC OPEN
DEFICATION
SC
COMMUNITY
LATRINE
SC
INDEPENDENT
LATRINE
GEN
INDEPENDENT
LATRINE
OBC
INDEPENDENT
LATRINE
20 36 2 1 1
WATER SOURCE FINDINGS
SOURCE NUMBERS
RIVER 1
PONDS 12
HANDPUMP 7

9. ARS
KSRM
GOVERNMENT SCHEME FINDINGS
In the village the 2 govt scheme is functional , NGNB(NIJO
GRIHO NIJO BHUMI) in which 0.5 decimal of land for
agriculture is provided to BPL families.
MGNREGS(MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL RURAL
EMPLOYEMENT GUARATEE ACT) provide 100 days jobs to
BPL families but an average of 14 days work is being provided
to the BPL families in this village.
SPENDING PATTERN
EXPENDITURE
43.10%
5.02%
9.73%
1.80%
8.96%
21.30%
5.74%
2.93% 1.32%
Food
Clothing
Health
Ceremonial
Rituals
Transport
Repay of loan
Natural Resources Findings
RIVERS PONDS UNUSED
PONDS
01 12 03

10. ARS
KSRM
Only 31 HH use river water and rest of them use
Pond and hand pump water .
To use river they have to submit their I- Card as it
lies on the border road due to which most of the
people don't use it.
Villagers don't use ponds for any income generating
purpose.
CREDIT SOURCES
SHG BANK MONEY
LENDER
RELATIVES
17 4 2 1
Physical Infrastructure
Total no of household in the village is 64 and we
surveyed 60 HH in which there was 2 Primary
school,1 High School,1 Temple.
ELECTRICITY
All the surveyed HH have their own electricity
access to their house
Community Centre- No community centre in the
village.

11. ARS
KSRM
Roles Of Gram Sabha:
 Gram Sabha provides an opportunity for the
person registered as voters in the village to
directly participate on decision making process.
participation of village education Committees ,
Mother Committees ,Water Users Associations
and other Committees in Gram Sabha leads to
integrated development of village.
Health Centre-
The closest Health centre in the village was
in Basirhat which is 10 km away from the
village but there was 3 private Pharmacy in
the village market.

12. ARS
KSRM
VILLAGE STAY AND ITS CHALLENGES
STATE- WESTBENGAL
DISTRICT- NORTH24 PRAGNAS
BLOCK- KAIJURI
VILLAGE- GABADDA
LANDMARK- KALI MANDIR
We stayed in Gabarda village from 21st September- 14th October.
There was various challenges faced by us in the village -
 Language Problem
 Political issue - As in the village we were doing survey , the
representative of the local governing body has act as a
barrier for us in the project.
 Lack of infrastructure
 Most of the people are daily wage labours so they are
available only in the morning and evening which created
barrier for us.
 As people have a perception that we are govt officials so
they don't disclose most of the problems as they think that
if we disclose it then they won't get benefits provided by
the govt schemes which was a big challenging task for us.
We stayed in village Dhumerkheta (COACHBEHAR)
from 5th November- 13th November. There were
various challenges faced by us-

13. ARS
KSRM
 Lack of Transportation facilities which consumed more
time in travelling to the village and lead to less work done
on the project.
 As we had an interaction mostly with Pramila Bahini
leaders and mostly they were not available in the village as
they usually goes for the various surveys and other official
work in the BDO office which was little challenging task
for us.

14. ARS
KSRM
NSS
OBJECTIVES OF NSS
 To understand the community in which they work
 Understand themselves in relation to their community
Identify the needs and problems of the community and
involve them in problem solving
Develop among themselves a sense of social and civic
responsibility
Utilise their knowledge in findings solutions to individual
and community problems
Develop competence required for group living and sharing of
responsibilities

15. ARS
KSRM
Gains skill in mobilising community participation
Acquire leadership qualities and democratic attitudes
Develop capacity to meet emergencies and natural disasters.
Practice national integration and social harmony.
ACTIVITIES
HAND WASH campaign in primary school.
Awareness Programme about the Hand Wash in the
school.
Making children aware about the importance of hand
wash to improve the living condition of the family.

16. ARS
KSRM
COMMUNITY MOBALIZATION
A community mobilization approachis valuable because it
fulfils people's rights to participateand to determine their
own future.
It enables groups to create local solutionsto local problems.
The local solutionswill be more sustainablethan external
solutionsthat do not fit with the local situations, cultureand
practices.
When communities define the problem, set common goals
and work together on their own programs, to achieve the
goals , the communities change in the ways they last after
the project ends.

17. ARS
KSRM
Goals:
Increase community ,individual and group capacity to
identify and satisfy needs
Increase community level decision making
Increase community ownership of programs
Bring additional resource to the community
Build on social networks to spread support
,commitment and changes in social norms and
behaviours.

18. ARS
KSRM
MICRO LEVEL PLANNING
As we have visited Gabaddanear Kaijuri, there were some
issues or problems which draw our attention which the
villagers face regularly day by day. With the help of people
we graded problems according to their situations faced.
Sectors Situations problems Grades
Labour Skill Villagers having labourbut
number of skilled labours
are less
Migration A
Health No health Centre in the
village
Travel long
distance
B
Agriculture Village mainly grow rice
and mustard
Less Income C
GRADING ACCORDING TO SOLUTION

19. ARS
KSRM
Sectors Solutions Grades
Labour skill Educate the skilled labour so that
they can generate income by making
awareness program for them and
aware them about various schemes
A
Health Make health centre in the village so
that the expenditure for them
decreases as it costs them higher
B
Agriculture Make Kitchen Garden so that they
increase their income with the help
of NGO’s which will be cost
productive.
C

20. ARS
KSRM
Women's Participation In Family Decision making-
There is no role of women in family decision making
as all decision are taken up by Male members of the
family. Village society is Male Dominating society.
VILLAGE ECONOMY
BAMBOO AGRICULTRAL
WORK
9 60
There are 09 HH which do only bamboo work and 60
HH do both bamboo work and agricultural work. The
main economic activities performed in the village is
agricultural work.

21. ARS
KSRM
VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS:
LESS
VULNERABLE
VULNERABLE MOST
VULNERABLE
Productive land Small piece of land Landless
No loan Small amount of
Loan
Trapped by Money
lenders
More Assets Presence of Assets Absence of Assets
Free from Disease Less disease affected Disease Affected
More number of
Accounts
Bank Accounts No Bank Account
Job Migrants Daily Wage Workers
Earning more than
Rs 120000
Earnings Between Rs
60000-120000
Earning less than Rs
60000
More Educated Educated Uneducated
No of HH- 10 No of HH-16 No of HH-34
Recomendations:

22. ARS
KSRM
ACTIVITY CLOCK
MALE AND FEMALE DURING CULTIVATION
PERIOD
MALE FEMALE
WAKE UP-6 AM WAKE UP &
FRESH UP- 4AM-
6 AM
FRESH UP &BF-
7AM- 9AM
HOUSEHOLD
WORK- 6AM-
12PM
FIELD WORK -
9AM- 5PM
FIELD WORK -
12PM-4PM
LEISURE- 5PM - 8
PM
HOUSEHOLD
WORK- 4PM-6PM
DINNER - 8PM-
9PM
LEISURE TIME-
6PM-8PM
SLEEP- 9.30 PM DINNER -8PM-
10PM
SLEEP-10.30PM

23. ARS
KSRM
MALE AND FEMALE DURING CULTIVATION&
BAMBOO WORK
MALE FEMALE
WAKEUP& FRESHUP
- 5 AM-6AM
WAKE UP-5 AM
BREAK FAST-7AM HOUSEHOLD WORK-
5AM-8AM
FIELD &BAMBOO WORK-
7AM- 5 PM
WORKING HOUR 8AM-
4PM
FREE TIME- 5PM-6PM HOUSEHOLD WORK-
4PM-6PM
WORKING HOUR-
6PM-8PM
LEISURE- 6PM-8PM
DINNER-8PM-9PM DINNER-8PM-9PM
SLEEP-9.30PM SLEEP 9.30PM

24. ARS
KSRM
SOACIAL MAPPING
Total number of house hold in the village are 164

Surveyed for 60 households.
 According to the survey
 SCs=58
 General=1
 OBC=1

25. ARS
KSRM
RESOURCE MAP
Hand pump in the village used for drinking and
cooking
Peoplein the village generally use cow dung
cakes for cooking fuel.
Less area for cultivation because of the highly
flood affected area.
According to our observation peoplehaving
enough space in front of their housefor kitchen
garden but they don’t.

26. ARS
KSRM
According to our survey peoplehave the capacity
to build toilets but they don’t