The Indian National Congress was formed in 1885 by English-educated Indians to voice their concerns against colonial laws. Over time, the Congress split into two factions - moderates who used formal petitions and radicals who believed in more aggressive methods. Mahatma Gandhi emerged as a leader in the 1915 and mobilized large-scale nonviolent movements like the Salt Satyagraha to apply economic and political pressure on the British. Other notable leaders included Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhash Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh and revolutionary groups who used violent means to fight for independence, which India achieved in 1947 after the Quit India Movement.

1. Indian national
movement
Made by:- shagun vinayak

2. MAKING UP Of CONGRESS
 After the revolt of 1857 failed, many English
educated profession such as lawyers made
“INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS” against several
laws passed by Britishers on 18 December 1845 in
Mumbai.
 In first twenty years of
congress they became
MODERATES and only
sent letters to Britishers.
 After twenty years some members like Jawaharlal
Nehru thought that they will never get independence
this way and formed another group in congress called
RADICALS.

3. MODERATES AND RADICALS
 Moderates used
formal ways.
 Radicals believed
in aggressive
methods .

4. ADVENT OF
MAHATMA GANDHI
 In 1915 there was revolution in
Russia. News about peasants and
workers struggles came up, This
was the time when Mahatma Gandhi
came up as a mass leader in India.
 Gandhi ji aged 45, arrived India
in 1915 and then he entered in
congress. Then with the help of
congress he shook the roots of
British empire in India.

5. the march to dandi
 Gandhi ji declared that he would lead a march to break the
salt law. According to this law, the state had a monopoly on
the manufacture and sale of salt.
 Mahatma Gandhi along with
other nationalists reasoned that
it was sinful to tax salt since it is
such an essential item of our
food.
 The salt march related the
general desire of freedom to a
specific grievance shared by
everybody ,and thus did not
divide the rice and the poor.

6. REVOLUTIONARIES
 Revolutionary nationalist such as Bhagat Singh
wanted to fight colonial rule and the rich exploiting
classes through a revolution of workers and
peasants.
 They assassinated Saunders,
a police officer who had led
a lathi charge on Lala Lajpat
Rai .
 Along with his fellow nationalist
Bhagat Singh also dropped a
bomb on Assembly on 8 April,1928
for which he was hanged at the age of 23.
Bhagat Singh

7.  Jawaharlal Nehru 14 November 1889 –
 27 May 1964, often referred to with the epithet of
Pandit ji, was an Indian politician who became the
first Prime Minister of independent India (1947–64)
and became noted for his “neutralist” policies in
foreign affairs.
 He was also one of the principal leaders of
India’s independence movement in the 1930s and ’40s.
Nehru was elected by the Indian National Congress to assume office as
independent India's first Prime Minister, and re-elected when the
Congress Party won India's first general election in 1951 and 1952.
 Nehru contributed to the establishment of a secular
Parliamentary democracy in India and was one of the founders of the
international Non-Aligned Movement.
Jawaharlal Nehru

8. Subhash Chandra Bose
 Subhash Chandra Bose : 23 January 1897 –
(unconfirmed) known by name Netaji was an
Indian revolutionary who led an Indian
national political and military force against
Britain and the Western powers during
World War II.
 Bose was one of the most prominent
leaders in the Indian independence movement
and is a legendary figure in India today.
 He is presumed to have died “in absentia” on
18 August 1945 from injuries sustained in an alleged aircraft
crash in Taihoku .However, no actual evidence of the death of
Subash Chandra Bose on that day has ever been officially
authenticated and many committees were set up by the
Government of India to investigate the mystery of his presumed
death.

9. RAJA RAMMOHANROY
 Born: May 22, 1772
Died: September 27, 1833
 Achievements: Founded Atmiya Sabha
and Brahma Samaj.
 Played a key role in abolition of Sati
and fought for the rights of women.
 Raja Ram Mohan Roy is known as the 'Maker of Modern India'.
He was the founder of the Brahma Samaj, one of the first
Indian socio-religious reform movements.
 He played a major role in abolishing of Sati. Raja Rammohan
Roy was a great scholar and an independent thinker. He
advocated the study of English, Science, Western Medicine
and Technology. He was given the title 'Raja' by the Mughal
Emperor.

10. JALIAnWALA BAGH TRAGEDY
 In April 1919 there were
hartals and demonstrations in
India, government took brutal
methods to suppress them.
 The Jalianwala Bagh atrocities,
inflicted by General Dyer in
Amritsar on Baisakhi day, were
a part of repression. On
learning about the massacre ,
Rabindranath Tagore
expressed the pain and anger
of the country by renouncing
his knighthood .

11.  The dissatisfaction with British rule intensified
in the 1870s and 1880s. The arms act passed in
1878,disallowing Indians from possessing arms.
 The vernacular press act was also enacted in
an effort to silence those who were critical of
the government.
 The act allowed the government to confiscate
the assets of newspaper if the newspaper
published anything that was found
‘objectionable’.
The arms act

12. INDIAN
NATIONAL ARMY {INA}
 Bose was a radical
nationalist, with socialist
learning's ,he did not share
the Gandhiji’s idea of
ahinsa .
 On January 1941’ he
secretly made “INDIAN
NATIONAL ARMY {INA}
in Germany to free India
from British rule .
 In 1944 INA members were
arrested and tried
people from all over India
stood against it .

13. QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT
 Mahatma Gandhi decided to initiate a new phase
of movement against the Britishers. He said ‘the
Britishers must quit India’.
 He told people “do or die in
your freedom struggle”. It
specially attracted peasants
and youth who gave up studies.
 Communication and symbols of
state were attacked through
out the country. In many areas
people set up their own
government and finally it led to independence .

14. BIBLIOGRAPHY
i. NCERT book of VIII class
“OUR PASTS HISTORY – III”.
ii. Reference books.
iii. Internet (WWW.Google.co.in,
www.wikipedia.org)

15. THANK YOU