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Parasite control petmeds
- 2. 2 Fleas Adult fleas live on affected animals and feed off a blood meal >90% of fleas found in the UK are the ‘cat flea’ which live on cats and dogs Nearly 1 in 10 dogs and over 1 in 5 cats suffer from fleas at any one time (Bond et al. 2005)
- 4. 4 How do dogs and cats pick up fleas? Fleas jumping from one animal to another while outside the house?
- 5. 5 No! Once adult fleas start living on a dog or cat they live there permanently and don’t normally jump off Pets can pick up fleas as they develop outside, eg within long grass (homes, gardens and parks)
- 6. 6 Fleas in the home!!! Many owners are shocked to learn that in many cases, fleas are picked up from within the home, as they don’t realise there is a population of fleas living with them!
- 8. 8 Eggs Female fleas produce eggs (about 0.5mm in length) Eggs fall off as the animal moves around How many eggs can 1 female flea lay in a lifetime? She can lay around 27 eggs per day and live for 50 days, so 1350 eggs!
- 9. 9 Larvae Flea eggs hatch into larvae – caterpillar like appearance, about 2mm wide They hate bright light so burrow within carpet fibres/cracks and crevices What do flea larvae eat?They feed off dust and other organic debris within carpets and soft furnishings
- 10. 10 Pupae In order to develop into an adult flea, larvae surround themselves with a protective silk cocoon and become pupae Pupae normally hatch into adult fleas after 8-10 days. However, if left undisturbed, they can lay dormant for up to 12 months What makes the adult fleas hatch from the pupae? •CO2 •Heat •Vibration
- 11. 11 The Adult Flea Flings itself towards potential host Within seconds starts to feed Within 24 hours mates After around 2 days females start to lay eggs
- 12. 12 Finding Adult Fleas Adult fleas are tiny (between 1.5 and 4.5mm, females twice as big as males) and very quick, so they can be very difficult to spot! How can we tell an animal has fleas then?
- 13. 13 Important Points The adult fleas seen on the pet only represent 5% of the overall flea population Modern heated, softly furnished homes are an ideal environment for fleas to develop Fleas are a problem all year round, including the winter (when the central heating gets switched on)
- 14. 14 Comprehensive Flea control Treat all the animals in the household - Fiprospot AND Treat the environment Acclaim
- 15. 15 Fiprospot® Contains tried and trusted fipronil, the same ingredient as the UK’s best selling flea product Kills fleas by disrupting their nervous system, causing paralysis and death within 24 hours Killed on contact before they bite
- 16. 16 How To Use
- 17. 17 The Pipette
- 18. 18 Key Points Apply to the skin (not the hair) at the back of the neck so the dog or cat can’t lick it off Do not touch treated area until dry Apply every 6 weeks in dog and 4 weeks in cat (may last up to 8 weeks and 5 weeks respectively) Treat all dogs and cats in the house Avoid bathing or immersion for two days after application Bathing once weekly for 6 weeks did not adversely affect the products action against fleas
- 19. 19 Key Points Fiprospot® is not absorbed across the skin It collects in the oils of the skin and hair follicles and is slowly released over time
- 20. 20 Precautions Do not use in kittens or puppies under 8 weeks Do not use in kittens weighing less than 1kg or puppies less than 2kg Do not use in sick animals Do not use in rabbits
- 21. 21 Ticks Live in long grass/ overgrowth Hotspot areas of problems with ticks Fiprospot® kills ticks within 48hours
- 22. 22 Acclaim® Insecticide – permethrin Kills adult fleas within 24 hours Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) – S-methoprene This stops: •Eggs from developing into larvae •Larvae from developing into pupae
- 23. 23 Pupae Because pupae are surrounded by a protective cocoon, insecticides are unable to penetrate the cocoon to kill the fleas inside So how can we kill the pupal stage? We can trick the pupae into hatching by vacuuming, as this provides vibration, heat and CO2 We should aim to vacuum every other day and would expect to see adult fleas for up to 5 weeks after spraying
- 24. 24 Housedust Mites Permethrin (as found in ALL environmental sprays including Acclaim) is effective in controlling mites in the environment Permethrin will only work for 4-8 weeks in the environment so does not have a persistent mite killing effect Dead house dust mites are just as allergic as live ones so extra environmental control measures are essential
- 25. 25 Comprehensive Flea control Treat all the animals in the household – Fiprospot AND Treat the environment Acclaim
- 26. 26
- 27. 27 Roundworms
- 28. 28 Roundworms The main roundworm is called Toxacara canis 10% of adult dogs are infected with this worm Feeds in the intestines
- 29. 29 Roundworms Puppies are commonly infested in utero as the worms can cross the placenta Eggs are passed out in the faeces -extremely hardy and last for up to 4 years Eggs in fresh faeces are not infective – need to sit on the ground for 2-4 weeks in order for larvae within the eggs to become infective
- 30. 30 Clinical Signs Adult dogs often do not show clinical signs but may include: Vomiting Diarrhoea Pot belly appearance (particularly common in puppies)
- 31. 31 Zoonotic risk Toxacara canis cannot reproduce in humans but infection can cause problems Larvae can migrate through the body and cause visual disturbances in rare cases Children are more susceptible as they are more likely to ingest infective eggs, eg playgrounds, sand pits etc 52 cases reported every year
- 32. 32 Recommendations for treating roundworms Adult dogs Routinely every 3 months Pregnant bitch Treat 2 weeks after giving birth and every 2 weeks until weaning Puppies Treat at 2 weeks and every 2 weeks until 12 weeks of age
- 33. 33 Tapeworms The second most common worm found in dogs is the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum
- 34. 34 Dipylidium caninum Endemic in UK Commonly spread by fleas Lives within the intestines and causes diarrhoea – segments can also pass out and cause anal irritation Does not infect people
- 35. 35 Other intestinal worms Other worms that are less commonly found include whipworms and hookworms More common in breeding or racing kennels Watery diarrhoea/loss of performance
- 36. 36 Cestem® 3 active substances febantel pyrantel praziquantel Kills every known intestinal worm commonly found in UK dogs roundworms tapeworms hookworms whipworms
- 37. 37 Pets passports - tapeworms Before entering the UK, all pet dogs (including assistance dogs) must be treated for tapeworm (Echinococcus multilocularis). The treatment must be administered by a vet not less than 24 hours and not more than 120 hours (1-5 days) before the dog’s scheduled arrival time in the UK. Use a licensed veterinary medicine whose active ingredient is Praziquantel, or an equivalent product.
- 38. 38 Dosing Cestem small dog - 1 tablet per 10 kg bodyweight as a single dose Eg JRT 1 tablet Cestem medium/large dog - 1 tablet to dogs per 18 - 35kg bodyweight as a single dose Eg Border Collie or Labrador 1 tablet
- 39. 39 Canine Parasite Control Treat all the animals in the household with Fiprospot AND Treat the environment Acclaim AND Worm with Cestem
- 40. 40 Questions?
- 41. 41 Quiz Where do animals pick up fleas? What stages are there to a flea life cycle? Which stage of the cycle is not killed by our flea products? How long until the flea dies? Can Fiprospot be used on puppies and kittens? Which other parasite will Fiprospot kill? Inside or outside the home Adult Egg Larva Pupa PupaePupae 24 hour s 24 hour s Yes, if over 8 weeks and 1kg for kittens and 2 kg for puppies Ticks
- 42. 42 Quiz - worming Which worms are found in the UK? Which worm can be spread by fleas? Which worm is a zoonotic risk? What 3 ingredients does Cestem contain? How many tablets of Cestem small dog should a 10kg dog have? How many tablets of Cestem medium/large dog should a 28kg dog have? What does Cestem taste of? Roundworms Tapeworms Hookworms Whipworms Dipylidium canium Toxocara canis Febantel Pyrantel Praziquantel 1 1 liver
Notas do Editor
- 27 eggs per day and live for 50 days so 1350 eggs!