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MINDFULNESS
INTRODUCTION TO
2 Minutes of Mindfulness
Mindful Nation UK Report
“Mindfulness means
paying attention to
what’s happening in
the present moment
in the mind, body and
external environment,
with an attitude of
curiosity and
kindness.”
Awareness of your experience
right now
without judgment.
Mindfulness Research Publications (source: PubMed)
•  Enhanced self-awareness
•  Cognitive flexibility
•  Emotion regulation
•  Decreased stress and anxiety
•  Enhanced focus
•  Greater insight and innovation
•  Increased working memory and attention
•  Clearer perception and cognition
•  Better decision making
•  Empathy and compassion
•  Better overall health and wellbeing
Evidence-based benefits
Mindfulness practice: Decreased
stress and amygdala thickness
Holzel et al., 2010
Participants’ decreased stress correlated with
grey matter change
Right basolateral amygdala
(side view)
Neuroplasticity:
Changes in cortical thickness
Lazar, 2005
Meta-analysis:
Change in brain regions
Tang et al., 2015
Attentional Control1
2
3
Emotion Regulation
Self-Awareness
“Mindfulness should no longer be
considered a ‘nice-to-have’ for
professionals. It’s a ‘must-have’:
a way to keep our brains healthy, to
support self-regulation and effective
decision-making capabilities, and to
protect ourselves from toxic stress.”
Congleton, Hölzel, & Lazar, 2015
“The main business case for
meditation is that if you are fully
present on the job, you will be more
effective as a leader, you will make
better decisions and you will work
better with other people.”
Bill George
Harvard Business School
former CEO of Medtronic
From Dan Harris, ABC News
1. Awareness of your experience: senses + thoughts
Example 1: Sights
• Colors, textures, shades, movements, shapes

• NOT: concepts or thoughts like car, Mary, or cloud
Example 2: Physical sensations
Movement of belly
emotional associations
feet touching ground
touch of clothing on skin
phone in hand
weight of body
internal/external temperature
soft, dense, heat,
tingling, bent, throbbing, dense
Nummenmaa et al.2013
Salovey and Mayer, 1990
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
“The ability to monitor one’s own
and others’ feelings and emotions,
to discriminate among them and to
use this information to guide one's
thinking and actions.”
EXISTENTIAL
“I am angry”
PHYSIOLOGICAL
“I experience
anger in my body”
Example 3: Thoughts
Noting distractions
types of thoughts
noting of future/present/past
worry/rumination
analyzing
confusion

(not:
getting caught up in a story
taking things too personally)
2. Right now
Mind Wandering Distraction
Awareness
Reorientation of
Attention
Sustaining
Attention
Hasenkamp et al. Neuroimage (2012) 59:750-760
Ricard et al. Scientific American (2014) 311:38-45
In-the-moment:
“integrated”
At the gym:
“dedicated”
Improved Attention
Slagter et al. 2007
3. Without judgment
Noticing and withholding judgments of what’s happening
“bad”
“wrong”
“should” be different
Sounds distract you during meditation.
Someone criticizes you.
Your spouse is late for dinner.
Automatic, reactive judgments close us off from
- insights into nuanced causes
- receiving additional real-time data
- empathy, compassion and kindness
- our resilience to bounce back with sustainable solutions
• Pause, breathe, open to your full objective experience. 

• Be curious about your physical and mental reaction. 

• Reflect on possible objective causes, everyone’s wish to
be happy, and an appropriate response.
Brefczynski-Lewis et al. 2007
# hrs.
mindfulness
meditation
Emotional
Reactivity
(Amygdala)
Foundational Mindfulness Practices:
Sensations of breathing
Body scan/Physical sensations
Listening
Walking
Standing
Eating
Noting types of distractions, thoughts and emotions
*Two important peripheral categories:
a.) concentration - staying with 1 thing, excluding all else
(fuel for mindfulness)
b.) heart cultivation - calling up a sense of care,
then intensifying and staying with it
40
Advanced Mindfulness Practices:
Leadership Values
Difficult Conversations
Parenting & Hospice
Death
Trauma
Addiction
Identity of Self & Other
Sample Applications
Insomnia
Excess mental energy/heat → Embodiment
Mindfulness Practice: Body scan
Anxiety
Future proliferation → Coming back to present
Body, heart; Self-compassion; Soft belly; Gratitude
Leadership
Cultivating larger purpose; Humility
Identifying core values
Drive; Eliminate distractions
Circle of influence
Overwhelm with news (Heart closes) → Compassion
Just like me (empathy)
+
Wishing well (compassion)
Pain
Attention towards pain with courage
Self-compassion
“I am not my pain”
Distraction
Staying with 1 meditation object, excluding all else
Feeling a lack of competency, worth, acceptance
Identifying all sources and contributions of:
- appreciation
- affection
- attention
- allowance
- acceptance
THANK YOU
MindfulnessExercises.com

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Introduction to Mindfulness