1. Biogas From Wholesale Vegetable and Fruit
Market Waste in the Indian Cities: A Truly
Sustainable and Renewable Transport Fuel.
Author: Sarita Mishra
Green C smos Energy Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Golden Enclave
A-1 Towers, 7th Floor
Old Airport Road
Bangalore 560017
India
Phone: +91-80-41217037/38
Mob: 9886660733
Email:
info@greencosmos.in
URL: http://greencosmos.in
Tuesday 8 May 2012

2. 4%
18%
Transport(Petrol,Diesel, CNG, Aviation Fuel)
Industry (Petrol, Diesel, Fuel Oil, Naphtha, Natural Gas)
51% Commercial & Others
Domestic(LPG & Kerosene
13% Agriculture(Diesel)
14%
Source:Petroleum Conservation Research Association
Tuesday 8 May 2012

3. In 2010
Produced
Consumed
Import Bills
◦
750 thousand
Barrels /day
3.2 billion barrels / day
$ 106 billion
Tuesday 8 May 2012

4. Total No. of Registered Motor Annual Growth rate for Projected Vehicle
Vehicles: Vehicle Ownership Ownership
By 2030
7% 156 million
~ 100 million
Transport Fuel Market : 98% Crude oil dependent
Road Transport : responsible for 94.5% CO2 Emissions in India
Tuesday 8 May 2012

5. Source: MoUD, 2008/Census of India 2001 ; MoSRTH, 2007
Ref: Emissions from India’s transport sector: State wise synthesis T.V. Ramachandraa,b and Shwetmalaa
Tuesday 8 May 2012

6. 5983 Markets wholesale markets Bigger urban markets produce >80
Source: Directory published by Ministry of Agriculture
tons waste /day
Total Waste ~ >50 million tons* /
year
Disposed in the landfills
*Dr. Harender Raj Gautam (Scientist) & Dr. S.P.S Guleria (Senior Scientist) Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology,
Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forest,
Tuesday 8 May 2012

7. Facts Figures
Waste from Wholesale Vegetable & Fruit Markets 50 million tons
Enriched Biogas (>97% Methane) from 50 million 1.7 million tons
tons
Diesel / Petrol Replaced ~ 1.7 million tons
Total Estimated CO2 emissions Reduction 4.2 - 6.15 million tons on
replacing petrol / diesel
respectively
Tuesday 8 May 2012

8. Tuesday 8 May 2012

9. Methane H2S Water Scrubbing
45 -75% Traces
Polyethylene Glycol Scrubbing
Biogas
Chemical Absorption
CO2 Highly Corrosive
25-55%
Pressure Swing Adsorption
Reduces heating Increases compression
& Transportation cost Bio-filters
value
Cryogenic Separation
Limit Economic Feasibility of
Biogas
Tuesday 8 May 2012

10. Better Economics
Fewer Emissions Reduce Import
reduces Reduce Outflow of
CO2 by 25%,
foreign exchange
CO by 90-97%
NOX by 35 – 60%,
Energy Security Hydrocarbon by 50-75%
particulate matter: almost
Offsets non-renewable
none
resources like oil, natural
gas
Decentralized: create jobs
and benefit local
economies throughout the
country
Tuesday 8 May 2012

11. Property Methane Gasoline Diesel
Flammability limit (Volume % in air) 5 -15 1.4 - 7.6 0.6 - 5.5
Auto-ignition Temperature (0F) 842 572 446
Minimum Ignition Energy in Air (10-6 0.27 0.23 0.23
BTU)
Peak Flame Temperature (0F) 3423 3591 3729
Tuesday 8 May 2012

12. Source: International Association for Natural Gas, NGV Global
Tuesday 8 May 2012

13. Source: Green car Congress
Tuesday 8 May 2012

14. Challenges for Inclusion of Biogas as a
Transport Fuel in India
Tuesday 8 May 2012

15. 1.08 million Natural Gas Vehicles
571 Refueling Stations
PNRB Considering Authorizing Retail CNG/ Enriched GAIL Developing Infrastructure for
Biogas City Gas Distribution System Gas Pipeline
Tuesday 8 May 2012

16. Air pollution reached
alarming levels in cities
Easier to switch
fuel for public
transport rather
than private
Shortage of landfill vehicles
space and Expense in
Why Urban
transporting waste to Vegetable
outskirts Wholesale
Markets
Every city has Central
Bus depot with diesel
City Markets are exhaust & soot particles
Relatively large and
centralized like Mumbai/
Chennai/Bangalore/Delhi
Tuesday 8 May 2012

17. Success
Strong Stakeholder
Environmental Networks and Strategic
Regulations to Alliances between RE
enforce switch to industry, agriculture,
Gas (like Delhi) Municipalies,
Environmental Groups
SST
Business
Value
Well defined Greater Public
Biogas Private
Roadmap for Academia
India Partnership
Tuesday 8 May 2012

18. Reduces Methane & CO2 Emissions by
 Diverting waste from Landfills
 Substituting gasoline / diesel as vehicle fuel
An Affordable Urban Solution
 Ensures a constant supply of renewable energy
 Renewable energy is produced near where it is
consumed
 Incentives will help speed adoption, but, not a long
term necessity
Tuesday 8 May 2012

19.  50 Million Tons *
 Potential For Generating 1.7 Million Tons Methane
Tuesday 8 May 2012

20.  50 Million Tons *
 Potential For Generating 1.7 Million Tons Methane
Changing Lead into Gold : an
Alchemist’s dream
Tuesday 8 May 2012

21.  50 Million Tons *
 Potential For Generating 1.7 Million Tons Methane
Changing Lead into Gold : an
Alchemist’s dream
Changing waste into clean fuel :
pursuit of an environmentalist
Tuesday 8 May 2012

22. Thank You
ir to
A
lean !
C !
!
ow eat he
W r
B
Tuesday 8 May 2012