1. TEAM 2
Hydrotherapy,
thermotherapy and
kynesitherapy
TEACHER: Dra. Rosa Gonzales Llontop
STUDENTS:
Failoc Rojas Virgilio
Fuentes Muro Oscar
Gonzales Yovera Jhean
Mas Golac Ciro
Plasencia Dueñas Esteban
Sajami Puertas Jhonatan
TEAM 2

2. Hydrotherapy, thermotherapy and kynesitherapy
Hydrotherapy
Hydrotherapy is the use
of water to revitalize,
maintain, and restore
health. Hydrotherapy
treatments include
saunas, steam baths,
foot baths, sitz baths,
and the application of
cold and hot water
compresses.
There is a physiological
basis to hydrotherapy. Cold is stimulating, and it causes superficial blood vessels
to constrict, shunting the blood to internal organs. Hot water is relaxing, causes
blood vessels to dilate, and removes wastes from body tissues. Alternating hot
can cold water also improves elimination, decreases inflammation, and
stimulates circulation.
Common techniques
Hydrotherapy treatments are often given at health spas or recommended as
home self-care treatments. These are some types of hydrotherapy:
Sitz bath: There are 2 adjacent tubs of water, one hot and one cold. You
sit in one tub with your feet in the other tub, and then alternate. Sitz
baths are recommended for hemorrhoids, PMS and menstrual problems,
cystitis, polyps.
Warm water baths: Soak in warm water for up to 30 minutes, depending
on the condition. Epsom salts, mineral mud, aromatherapy oils, ginger,
moor mud, and dead sea salts may be added.
Sauna: Dry heat
Steam bath or Turkish bath
Compresses: Towels are soaked in hot and/or cold water.
Wraps: Cold wet flannel sheets are used to cover the a person lying
down. The person is then covered with dry towels and then blankets. The
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3. Hydrotherapy, thermotherapy and kynesitherapy
body warms up in response and dries to wet sheets. This is used for colds,
bronchitis, skin disorders, infection, and muscle pain.
Wet sock treatment: Used for sore throat, ear infections, headaches,
migraines, nasal congestion, upper respiratory infections, coughs,
bronchitis, and sinus infections.
Hot fomentation: For treatment of acute conditions such as chest colds
and coughs. It seems to relieve symptoms but also decrease the length
of the illness.
Indications
Hydrotherapy and hydrothermal therapy are chiefly used to tone up the body,
to stimulate digestion, the circulation, and the immune system, and to bring
relief from pain. Descriptions of indications are given under individual method
used.
Water seems to have special powers in getting rid of stress and rejuvenating our
body. It affects the skin and muscles. It calms the lungs, heart, stomach, and
endocrine system by stimulating nerve reflexes on the spinal cord.
Risks, Cautions, and Contraindications
Persons with impaired temperature sensation run the risk of scalding or frostbite
at temperature extremes.
When a condition is recurrent or persistent, please consult your physician to
determine whether a physical therapy of this type is suitable in your case.
If you have diabetes, avoid hot application to the feet or legs. Also avoid full
body heating treatments, such as body wraps.
Avoid cold application if you are diagnosed with Raynaud's disease.
Hot immersion baths and long, hot saunas are not recommended for those with
diabetes or multiple sclerosis, women who are pregnant or anyone with
abnormally high or low blood pressure.
Don't take cold foot baths if you are prone to bladder or rectal irritation. People
suffering from sciatica, pelvic inflammation or rheumatism in the toes or ankles
should avoid cold foot baths.
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4. Hydrotherapy, thermotherapy and kynesitherapy
Thermotherapy
Heating modalities result
in an increase in
molecular vibration and
cellular metabolic rate. It
is divided into two
categories, superficial
and deep heating
modalities. It is further
divided into chemical,
electric, or magnetic.
Temperatures range from
105 to 170 degrees.
Superficial modalities
include infrared lamps,
moist heat packs, paraffin
baths, and warm whirl pools. Deep heating modalities include microwave
diathermy, shortwave diathermy, and ultrasound. The body reacts with a series
of local and systemic effects.
Indications for heat modalities:
Subacute or chronic inflammatory conditions
When there is pain at the subacute and chronic levels
Chronic muscle spasm
When there is decreased ROM
Reduction of joint contractures
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5. Hydrotherapy, thermotherapy and kynesitherapy
Contraindications for heat modalities:
Acute injuries
Circulatory problems
Poor thermal circulation
Areas of the body that are anesthetic
The following are some of the more commonly used thermotherapy modalities
utilized in the athletic training room:
Moist Heat Packs
Paraffin Bath
Warm Whirlpool
Ultrasound
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6. Hydrotherapy, thermotherapy and kynesitherapy
Kinesitherapy
Kinesitherapy means
therapy of movement (from
Greek, Kinesis = moving).
Kinesitherapy for the
treatment of back pain it is
also called “postural-
antalgic exercises” and it is
based on a set of postures,
soft movements and
strengthening of weak
muscles. It aims at restoring
a good neuromuscular
balance and above all it is
aimed at reducing painful
symptoms.
The kinesitheraphy protocol includes:
- Respiration exercises for diaphragm re-education;
- Muscles elongation exercises for lower limbs, spine, and muscles of the upper
limbs;
- Exercises for the elongation of the spine by means of various postures
(fundamentally important in order to reduce inter-disc pressure);
- Exercises for the strengthening of abdominal and dorsolumbar muscles;
- Proprioceptive exercises which are useful to “re-programme” the correct
neuro-muscle balance of the spine;
- Patient’s education to the correct postures to be kept during the patient’s
daily activities.
Indications
it is recommended to all the people who suffer from lumbalgia and
lumbocruralgia from adolescence to elderly age.
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7. Hydrotherapy, thermotherapy and kynesitherapy
Contraindications
It is contraindicated in processes that require immobilization as acute phase
processes, fractures and infections. In children should never be applied
because it can cause damage at the growth plate.
Classification
• Passive physiotherapy: The therapeutic method in which the application
of an external force will cause a movement in a body part without the patient
perform a muscle contraction. This, in turn, can be relaxed, forced or auto
passive.
In the relaxed, movement will be limited to physiological or pathological limit as
the patient is indicated to maintain joint tours.
In the forced, the movement is to go beyond existing articular range, but
not physiological, and can be maintained for a certain time.
In the auto passive, the external force is going to cause the patient in
those body segments that are accessible.
• Active Physiotherapy: The therapeutic method in which the movement is
done through the patient's muscle contraction generated by the muscle
fibers.
This can be assisted, free or resisted.
The assisted, in which there is contraction but is too weak to generate
movement. In this case an external force is applied to aid or assist the
contraction force
The free, in which the contraction generates a movement, not
necessary to apply any external force to perform the movement.
The resisted, the movement generated by contraction and apply a
counter force to produce a resistance to this movement.
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8. Hydrotherapy, thermotherapy and kynesitherapy
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