3. Terminologies
– Uncomplicated : UTI without underlying renal and neurological disease.
– Complicated : UTI with underlying structural , medical or neurological disease.
– Recurrent : Greater than 3 symptomatic UTI within 12 months following clinical
therapy
– Re-Infection : Recurrent UTI caused by a different pathogen at any time.
– Relapse: Recurrent UTI caused by same species causing original UTI within 2
weeks after therapy.
5. – Both Upper and lower UTI are further divided into complicated and
uncomplicated.
6. Epidemiology
– Seen in all age groups.
– Infants upto 6 months (2/1000)
– More common in boys than girls.
– WOMEN
are at greater risk than men (40-50% prevelance in women ,
0.04% in men)
Incidence of UTI increases in old Age (10 % men & 20% women are infected )
7. ETIOLOGY
– ACUTE UNCOMPLICATED UTI :
E. Coli – 80%
20% of UTI caused by
Gram negative enteric Bacteria – Klebsiella , Proteus
Gram Positive Cocci – Streptococcus feacalis
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus – restricted to infections in
young sexually active women .
9. Pathogenesis
– Routes of infection
– Ascending ( most common route )
– Blood borne ( S. Aureus)
– Lymphatogenous ( in men through rectal and colonic
lymphatic vessels to prostate and bladder ; in women through periuterine
lymphatics to urinary tract )
– Direct extension from organs
( Pelvic Inflammatory disease,
Genitourinary fistulas )