Agricultural Agronomy Production Technology

1. Importance And Production
Technology Of Maize
Samraz Qasim
Semester 04
Roll No.SP18C1BE029
B.sc(Hons)Agriculture
UCA&ES
The Islamia University Of Bahawalpur

2. Scientific Description
 Scientific Name Zea mays
 Family Poaceae
 Common Name Makai

3. History
 The history of maize and its domestication may be
traced back some 8,000 years.
 Most historians believe maize was domesticated in
Mexico firstly.
 In 16th century, maize was introduced to South-East
Asia from America. In India, maize was introduced
during 17th century.

4. Economic Importance
 Maize constitute a staple food in many regions of the
world.
 Maize is also cultivated for fodder of Livestock
 Edible oil, Jellies, Custard and Food of Poultry is
prepared by Maize.

5. Climatic Conditions
 The most suitable temperature for germination is 21°C.
 Kharif (monsoon) season is the main growing season.
However, maize may be sown any time from March to
October, as climate is warm even in the winter season.

6. Soil type
 Soils with a pH range of 6.5 – 7.5 are most favorable.
 Well drained, loamy and heavy soils having good
water holding capacity give high production.

7. Seed Bed Preparation
 3-4 Ploughings with planking
 Land should be levelled if needed

8. Time of Sowing
It is sown two times in a year
 February-March
 July-August

9. Sowing Method
 Drill Method
 Dibbling Method
 Broadcast Method (Fodder Purpose)

10. Seed Rate
 Drill Method
12-15kg/acre
 Dibbling Method
8-10kg/acre

11. Varieties
 Malka 16
 Ageti 2002
 MMRI Yellow
 Pearl
 30Y87 pioneer
 6714 monsid

12. Fertilizers
 N 92Kg/acre
 P 46Kg/acre
 K 25 Kg/acre

13. Irrigations
 6-8 irrigationsafter an interval of 12-15 days for maize
grown in Feb-March.
 10-12 irrigations after an interval of 8-10 days for
maize grown in July-Aug.

14. Diseases and Insect Pests
 Stem Borer
 Stalk Rot Disease
 Leaf Blight Disease
 Gray leaf spot

15. Intercultural Practices
 Weeding
 Hoeing

16. Harvesting
 It is harvested after 110-120 days after sowing.
 Maize crop is harvested when the moisture content of
the grains are 20 – 25 per cent. The cob sheath dries
completely at this stage, some drying may occur on
the stalk. Cobs are removed from standing crop and
dried under sunlight until the moisture content of the
grains is below 15 per cent.

17. Yield
 Local varieties 1600-2000 kg/acre
 Hybrid Varieties 3000-3200 kg/acre
 Fodder production 16000-20000 kg/acre