site visit report. Road Construction Equipment detials, maintains of Motor grade , Asphalt paver, Excavater, Back hoe loader and Road Roller

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Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................3
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS.....................................................................................................................5
1.MOTER GRADER ....................................................................................................................................5
2.ASPHALT PAVER ....................................................................................................................................7
3.EXCAVATOR...........................................................................................................................................9
4.BACK HOE LOADER..............................................................................................................................11
5.ROAD ROLLER......................................................................................................................................13
CONSIDERING FOR SITE WORK..................................................................................................................14
SAFETY ........................................................................................................................................................14
MAINTENANCE ...........................................................................................................................................15
SELECT CORRECT EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................................................15
CONCLUSION ..............................................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................................15

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The constraction equpment visit is held on Thursday of 14th
may which is organize by Civil
Engineering department . The location of the site visit was at Maganagma training school at
kundagasala.we gained Knowledge about Motor grade , Asphalt paver, Excavater, Back hoe loader and
Road Roller.We studied how to maintain these equipments and what are the uses of these equipments.

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INTRODUCTION
The maganaguma training school Located in Kundasale, just 7 km away from the City of Kandy,
350 m from the Kandy-Mahiyangaya main road (A26), the training Centre provides offers a fantastic
opportunity for school leavers or those without a relevant qualification in subject areas to obtain an
internationally recognized certification which can be vital in their career development.
Main Objectives of the Training School
 To train Construction Equipment Operators by using the latest Machinery in order to expose
them to new technology and enhance their competency to an established national skill standard
 Establish a National Trade Test for Construction Equipment Operators as well as create Custom
Designed Trade Tests for Construction Equipment operators
 To upgrade the technical knowledge and competency of Construction Equipment Operators to
perform their duties more efficiently and effectively
Benefits of the Training School
 Locally and internationally reputed certificates will be presented (NVQ) for Trainees who
successfully complete the training programme
 Assistance to find jobs in the State Sector as well as the Private Sector
Infrastructure for Trainees
The MagaNeguma Construction Equipment Training School offers the following infrastructural facilities
for those who join our training programmes.
 Large fleet of modern construction vehicles and equipment
 Dormitory facilities to provide accommodation for trainees
 An actual Worksite is available for trainees to operate the machinery at the training center
 A number of other worksites are also available for trainees to improve their competency levels
A total of approximately 52 students attended the site visit. Valuable information was shared
among students regarding the visit especially on the operation of the machines.
Purpose of this this visit is to study construction equipments ,
 Operations
 Major parts

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 Engine Horse power
 Controlling levers & functions
 Uses of machines
 functions
 Weight of the equipments
 Cycle time
 Fuel consumption
 Safety protections
 Maintenance
 Daily maintenance
 Weekly maintenance
 Monthly maintenance
 Six month maintenance
 Annual maintenance

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CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS
1.MOTER GRADER
Blade Scerifier
Motor grader, also commonly referred to as a road grader, a blade, a maintainer, or a motor grader,
is a construction machine with a long blade used to create a flat surface during the grading process. Typical
models have three axles, with the engine and cab situated above the rear axles at one end of the vehicle and
a third axle at the front end of the vehicle, with the blade in between. In certain countries, for example
in Finland, almost every grader is equipped with a second blade that is placed in front of the front axle. Some
construction personnel refer to the entire machine as "the blade." Capacities range from a blade width of 2.50
to 7.30 m and engines from 93–373 kW(125–500 hp). Certain graders can operate multiple attachments, or be
used for separate tasks like underground mining.
In civil engineering, the grader's purpose is to "finish grade" (to refine or set precisely) the "rough
grading" performed by heavy equipment or engineering vehicles such as scrapers and bulldozers.
Moter Graders are commonly used in the construction and maintenance of dirt roads and gravel roads.
In the construction of paved roads they are used to prepare the base course to create a wide flat surface for
the asphalt to be placed on. Graders are also used to set native soilfoundation pads to finish grade prior to
Machanism for
The blade
Traction bar for
blade carrier
Engine
Operator
Cabin

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the construction of large buildings. Graders can produce inclined surfaces, to give cant (camber) to roads. In
some countries they are used to produce drainage ditches with shallow V-shaped cross-sections on either side
of highways.
A more recent innovation is the outfitting of graders with GPS technology,
USES
 Makig road profile
 Remove damaged road surface
 Grading &spreading aggregates
 Leveling uneven road surface
 Cutting & finishing road side
 Cutting ditches
MAINTENANCE
 Daily maintenance
 Weekly maintenance
 Monthly maintenance
 Six month maintenance
 Annual maintenance
FUAL TANK CAPACITY
HYDRAULIC TANK CAPACITY
ENGINE OIL SUMP CAPASITY
ENGINE OIL TYPE
ENGINE POWER
FUAL CONSUMPTION PER HOUR
: 230L
: 75L
: 13L
: DS40
:150 HP
: 10L PER HOUR

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2.ASPHALT PAVER
USES
 Paving asphalt
 Spreading Aggregates
 Leveling
 Partial Compaction
FUAL TANK CAPACITY
HYDRAULIC TANK CAPACITY
ENGINE OIL SUMP CAPASITY
ENGINE OIL TYPE
ENGINE POWER
FUAL CONSUMPTION PER HOUR
WEIGHT
: 50L
: 40L
: 8L
: DS40
: 55 HP
: 10L PER HOUR
: 7440 Kg

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MAINTENANCE
 Engine oil filter : 250h
 Air clean : 5000h
DISADVANTAGES
We see that on is compact more then what expect. Because of the tires.

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3.EXCAVATOR
Arm Cylinder
Bucket
A hydraulic excavator is a large vehicle that is designed for excavation and demolition purposes.
Hydraulic excavators consist of a chassis, boom, and bucket, and move via tracks or wheels. They range
in size and function, an example of which is the similar but smaller “mini excavator.” All versions are
generally designed for the same purposes. Hydraulic excavators weigh between 1360 and 90000 Kg and
their speed ranges between 19 HP and 4,500 HP.
Operator
Cabin
Engin
e
Arm
Boom
Front Idler Track
Spring
s
Bottom
Rollers
Final
Drive
FUAL TANK CAPACITY
HYDRAULIC TANK CAPACITY
ENGINE OIL SUMP CAPASITY
: 243L
: 90L
: 19L

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USES
 Digging trench
 Loading loose materials to dump trucks.
 Loading & laying boulders
 Reducing the height of embankments
 Making the slope surfaces
 Digging cannels.
 Removing silt from cannels or lakes.
 Uprooting trees.
 Demolishing disused structures
ADVANTAGES
Hydraulic excavators have many advantages that allow them to be used in the ways that they are.
For example, they are small enough to work on specific tasks within a project area and can usually be
transported from one project to another by either being towed or stored on a large truck. Hydraulic
excavators can also take advantage of many different attachments: a mallet for demolition purposes, a
blade for scraping, or a grapple for picking up objects. Hydraulic excavators are also widely available and
can be purchased new or used.
DISADVANTAGES
Hydraulic excavators have few disadvantages, most of which are expected in such a vehicle.
For example, hydraulic excavators are heavy and cannot simply be driven across large distances or
on non-reinforced roads. Likewise, they generally use large amounts of fuel and can be a very
expensive investment, the latter being countered by the fact that they can remain operable for
decades. Additionally, hydraulic excavators can be difficult to repair due to their large size and many
moving parts.
ENGINE OIL TYPE
ENGINE POWER
FUAL CONSUMPTION PER HOUR
BUCKET SIZE
: DS40
:140 HP
: 12L PER HOUR
: 0.25- 0.65m3

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4.BACK HOE LOADER
FUAL TANK CAPACITY
HYDRAULIC TANK CAPACITY
ENGINE OIL SUMP CAPASITY
ENGINE OIL TYPE
ENGINE POWER
FUAL CONSUMPTION PER HOUR
WEIGHT
BUCKET SIZE
PRESSURE OF TIRES
: 118L
: 118L
: 13
: DS40
: 100 HP
: 5L PER HOUR
: 8000 Kg
: FRONT 0.25 cube
REAR 0.05 cube
: FRONT 65 psi
REAR 35 psi
BBucket
BBoom
BLoader
Operator
Cabin
BTractor
BWheels
BEngine
Stabilizer
Legs
BBackhoe

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USES
 Dozing (cut and pull)
 Loading loose materials to dump trucks
 Excavating
 Spreading loose materials
 Back dozing (collect soil)
 Grapping
MAINTENANCE
 Engine oil filter : 250h
 Hydroulic oil change : 1 year
 Apply grease everyday
DISADVANTAGES
Having said that, they are not cost effective, as well as severe. The chances of accidents
and injuries if he had sent his carefully. We cannot use them in hilly or steep ground.

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5.ROAD ROLLER
USES
 compacting soil, aggregates, asphalts
DISADVANTAGES
What we have seen is the compaction is percentage is below the other kind. But we can
get smooth surface
FUAL TANK CAPACITY
HYDRAULIC TANK CAPACITY
ENGINE OIL SUMP CAPASITY
ENGINE OIL TYPE
ENGINE POWER
FUAL CONSUMPTION PER HOUR
: 60L
: 60L
: 8L
: DS40
:100 HP
: 3L PER HOUR

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CONSIDERING FOR SITE WORK
 Safety
 Maintenance
 Correct selection of machine
SAFETY
 Machine operators
 Personal protective equipment (ex- claws, shoes, helmet, wearing cloths.)
 Physical and mental fitness (ex. Use mobile phone, drunk & drive, smoke are not
allow)
 Correct techniques (ex. Excavate the material, digging position)
 Outside safety
 Bounding the work area ( use the barricade tape)
 Keep safety sign boards
 Keep key with your own
 Machines
 Carrying out maintenance one time
 Check and remove obstacles
 Keep the fire extinguishers
 Properties
 Remove any valuables. (which may be damaged on operation)
 Get correct information.
 Mark items to be removed or demolished

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MAINTENANCE
 Find the manufacture’s maintenance manual
 Prepare the check list as per the manufacture’s manuals.
 Supply materials to be required
 Get the service of qualified personnel
SELECT CORRECT EQUIPMENT
It is very important to select correct equipment.If not we have to waste more money. We have
to consider following factor for select correct machine
 Size of the job
 Activity time constraints
 Availability of
 Cost of transportation of equipment
 Soil characteristics
 Geometric characteristics of elements to be excavated
 Space constraints: The performance of equipment is influenced by the spatial limitations
for the movement of excavators.
 Location of dumping areas: The distance between the construction site and dumping
areas could be relevant not only for selecting the type and number of haulers, but also the
type of excavators.
 Weather and temperature: Rain, snow and severe temperature conditions affect the
job-site productivity of labor and equipment.
 Engine and bucket size
CONCLUSION
It was a wonderful learning experiance at Maganaguma training office.We studied lot of things
about road constranction equipments.we were given opportunity to maintain the equipments also. I
hope this experience will surely help me in my future and also in shaping my career.
REFERENCES
 http://maganeguma.lk/training-school/
 http://www.mohsl.gov.lk/web/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=54&Itemid=61
&lang=en