Complete details of liver

1. INTRODUCTION
STRUCTURE
PARTS
PARTS
FUNCTIONS
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2. The Liver is the largest of the abdominal viscera, occupying a
substanial portion of the upper abdominal cavity.
It is the largest solid organ in the Body Weighing about 1.5 Kg in
man.
It is Reddish-Brown and shaped like a cone or a wedge.
It is present beneath the diaphragm and on top of the stomach, right
INTRODUCTION
It is present beneath the diaphragm and on top of the stomach, right
kidney and intestines.
It is composed largely of epithelial cells ( hepatocytes), which are
bathed in blood derived from the hepatic portal veins and hepatic
arteries.
It performs a wide range of metabolic activities necessary for
homeostasis, nutrition and immune defence.
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3. STRUCTURE
The Liver Consists of Four Lobes:-
Right Lobe:-
The right lobe is the largest in volume and contributes to all surfaces
Left Lobe:-
The Left lobe is the smaller of the two ‘main’ lobes.
Caudate Lobe:-
This lobe is said to arise from the right lobe, but it is functionally
separately.
Quadrate Lobe.:-
Quadrate Lobe.:-
The quadrate lobe is only visible from the inferior surface. It is functionally
related to the left lobe
The Left and right lobe are divided by the Falciform ligament, which
connects the liver to the abdominal wall.
The Liver’s lobe can be further divided into eight segments, which are
made up of thousands of lobules (small lobes). Each of these lobules has a
duct flowing toward the common hepatic duct, which drains bile from the
liver
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4. SAJID BASHIR (1ST YEAR)

5. PARTS:
The following are some of the most important individual parts of Liver:
• Common Hepatic Duct:- A tube that carriers bile out of the liver. It is
formed from the intersection of the right & left hepatic ducts.
• Falciform Ligament:- A thin, fibrous ligament that separates the two
lobes of the liver and connects it to the abdominal wall.
• Glissons Capsule:- A layer of loose connective tissue that surrounds the
liver and its arteries and ducts.
liver and its arteries and ducts.
• Hepatic Artery:- The main blood vessel that supplies the liver with
oxygenated blood.
• Lobes:- The Anatomical Sections of the Liver.
• Lobules:- Microscopic building blocks of the liver.
• Peritoneum:- A membrane covering the liver that forms the Exterior,
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6. FUNCTIONS:
The liver is an essential organ of the body that performs over 500 vital
functions. These includes removing waste products and foreign substances
from the bloodstream, regulating blood sugar levels, and creating essential
nutrients. Here are some of its most important functions:
Albumin Production: Albumins is a protein that keeps fluids in the
bloodstream from leaking into surrounding tissue. It also carriers hormones,
vitamins, and enzymes through the body.
Bile Production: Bile is a fluid that is critical to the digestion and absorption
Bile Production: Bile is a fluid that is critical to the digestion and absorption
of fats in the small intestines.
Filters Blood: All the blood leaving the stomach and intestines passes
through the liver, which removes toxins, byproducts and other harmful
substances.
Regulates Amino Acids: The production of proteins depends on amino
acids. The liver makes sure amino acid level in the bloodstream remains
healthy.
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7. Regulates Blood clotting: Blood Clotting coagulants are creating using
Vitamin K, which can only be absorbed with the help of bile, a fluid the liver
produces.
Resist Infection: As part of the filtering process, the liver also removes
bacteria from the bloodstream.
Stores Vitamins and Minerals: The liver stores significant amounts of
Vitamins A,D,E,K and B12 as well as iron and Copper’
Processes Glucose: The liver removes excess glucose (sugar) from the
Bloodstream and stores it as glycogen . As needed, it can convert glycogen
back into glucose.
Ammonia Change: Liver changes harmful ammonia to urea (urea is on the
end products of protein metabolism that is excreted in urine).
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8. Name
Parentage
Roll No
Course
Sesssion
: Sajid Bashir
: Bashir Ahmad Dar.
: 22
: BPT
: 2021-22