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Limits of a Liberal Democracy
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Ph.D Philosophy of Mind
Merton College, Oxford
Kings College London & Princeton University
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Democracy
“a democracy would be fully participatory
and would aim for the common good in order
to achieve excellence.”
Aristotle
“Let every soul be subject to the higher powers, for there is no
power but of God. The powers that be are ordained by God.
Whoever therefore resisted the powers has resisted the
ordnance of God, and they that resist shall receive to
themselves damnation.”
Bible, Romans 13 verse 1 & 2
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Democracy
Power of the People
Liberal
“freedom”
consent of the governed
right to life, liberty & property
welfare state, religious toleration, free market economies, globalisation
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Democracy
Power of the People
DirectRepresentative
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Representative Democracy
What is it?
Political plurality
Free & Fair elections
Quasi Oligarchy
Elected
members
Political
parties
Financial
Institutions
Interest
groups
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
People
Electorate
Religious Institutions
P r i v a t e b u s i n e s s
Special Interest
groups
Financial
Institutions
Government
Bank of
EnglandAcademia
Monarchy
NGOsy
Elected members &
Political parties
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Liberal Democracy
Anglo Judo-Christian Capitalist
Representative Liberal
Democracy
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Limits of a Liberal
Democracy
Rhetoric of the age
Mild thought control
Vilification of dissenters
Best alternative
Polarisation of debate
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Limits of a Liberal
Democracy
Bourgeoisie State
Financial Institutions
Private Business
Citizen to Consumer
Docile public
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Limits of a Liberal
Democracy
Media & Special interest State
Media corporations
Personality orientated
Distortion of policy
Suppression of non mainstream views
Walter Lippmann
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
Limits of a Liberal
Democracy
Subservient State
Free Market
Capital
Telos “narrow interests”
Sachin Nandha Ph.D
A Liberal Democracy
Citizens
Direct
participation
Nation State ?
Public control on
Financial
Institutions
Free Media

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Limits of a liberal democracy

  • 1. Limits of a Liberal Democracy Sachin Nandha Ph.D
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Ph.D Philosophy of Mind Merton College, Oxford Kings College London & Princeton University
  • 6. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Democracy “a democracy would be fully participatory and would aim for the common good in order to achieve excellence.” Aristotle “Let every soul be subject to the higher powers, for there is no power but of God. The powers that be are ordained by God. Whoever therefore resisted the powers has resisted the ordnance of God, and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation.” Bible, Romans 13 verse 1 & 2
  • 7. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Democracy Power of the People Liberal “freedom” consent of the governed right to life, liberty & property welfare state, religious toleration, free market economies, globalisation
  • 8. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Democracy Power of the People DirectRepresentative
  • 9. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Representative Democracy What is it? Political plurality Free & Fair elections Quasi Oligarchy Elected members Political parties Financial Institutions Interest groups
  • 10. Sachin Nandha Ph.D People Electorate Religious Institutions P r i v a t e b u s i n e s s Special Interest groups Financial Institutions Government Bank of EnglandAcademia Monarchy NGOsy Elected members & Political parties
  • 11. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Liberal Democracy Anglo Judo-Christian Capitalist Representative Liberal Democracy
  • 12. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Limits of a Liberal Democracy Rhetoric of the age Mild thought control Vilification of dissenters Best alternative Polarisation of debate
  • 13. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Limits of a Liberal Democracy Bourgeoisie State Financial Institutions Private Business Citizen to Consumer Docile public
  • 14. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Limits of a Liberal Democracy Media & Special interest State Media corporations Personality orientated Distortion of policy Suppression of non mainstream views Walter Lippmann
  • 15. Sachin Nandha Ph.D Limits of a Liberal Democracy Subservient State Free Market Capital Telos “narrow interests”
  • 16. Sachin Nandha Ph.D A Liberal Democracy Citizens Direct participation Nation State ? Public control on Financial Institutions Free Media