Welcome to the "Health Communication Matters! The Ongoing Challenge to Implement the Affordable Care Act" webinar sponsored by the California Pacific Public Health Training Center (CALPACT) at UC Berkeley's School of Public Health.
The most sweeping health policy change in decades – the Affordable Care Act, has created a myriad of challenges in how to convey a complex subject to the public, the media, policymakers, and other professionals. Experts in ACA-related health literacy and health insurance literacy initiatives walk us through ongoing areas of challenge after the passage of the ACA and health communication principles to deliver understandable and compelling content to diverse audiences.
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Website: www.calpact.org
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CALPACT Training: Health Communication Matters Webinar 092712
1. Welcome to the Webinar
Communica*on
Ma,ers:
The
Ongoing
Challenge
to
Explain
&
Implement
the
Affordable
Care
Act
We
will
begin
shortly…
2. Today you’ll be hearing
from. . .
Nancy Murphy, Linda Neuhauser, Kathy Paez, RN,
Metropolitan DrPH, University of PhD, American
Group, California, Berkeley Institutes for Research
Moderator
3. Agenda
1. Review
of
session
objec*ves
2. Introduc*on
of
today’s
speakers
3. Overview
of
effec*ve
communica*on
in
the
public
health
context
–
why
does
it
ma,er?
4. Ques*ons
&
Answers
5. Mee*ng
the
Challenge
of
Health
Insurance
Literacy
aSer
the
ACA
6. Ques*ons
&
Answers
7. Specific
ac*ons
and
resources
8. Next
steps
&
conclusion
4. Objectives
• Understand
health
literacy
principles
and
why
they
are
important
• Know
where
to
find
key
resources
and
guidelines
on
health
literacy
• List
the
specific
components
of
health
insurance
literacy
• List
specific
ways
to
apply
health
literacy
principles
to
improve
communica*on,
especially
about
health
insurance
• Iden*fy
specific
ways
in
which
ACA
will
help
improve
health
insurance
literacy
5. Health
Literacy:
Undervalued
by
Public
Health?
A
tool
for
public
health
professionals.
Prepared
for
the
American
Public
Health
Associa*on
Community
Health
Planning
&
Policy
Development
Sec*on
Tammy
Pilisuk,
MPH
AUG
2011
6. Who is in our audience
Employer/Organiza=on
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
7. Who is in our audience
Occupa=on
Teacher/Faculty
Health
Policy
Med/Dental
Prac**oner
Health
Promo*on/Educa*on
Health
Administrator
Community
Health
Worker
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
8. Who is in our audience
Geography
West
of
MS
River
East
of
MS
River
40%
from
California
9. Who is in our audience
Familiarity
with
Health
Literacy
Principles
Very
familiar
Moderately
familiar
Somewhat
familiar
Limited
familiarity
Not
familiar
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
10. What do you want to learn
about this topic?
• Be,er
understanding
of
health
literacy
principles
• Be,er
understanding
of
promo*ng
ACA
to
popula*ons
with
different
levels
of
heath
literacy
• To
be
able
to
apply
some
of
the
core
health
literacy
principles
in
both
my
professional
and
personal
life
• Be,er
ways
to
talk
about
health,
preven*on
and
the
ACA
• More
about
ACA
implementa*on
• How
to
be
a
stronger
advocate
for
the
ACA
in
community/
municipal
level
policy
discussions
• Understanding
of
health
literacy's
inclusion
in
ACA-‐-‐
expecta*ons
for
implementa*on,
measurement,
etc.
11. How to Participate
• Phone
line
is
automa*cally
on
mute
• Send
facilitator
a
ques*on
or
comment
using
Ready
Talk’s
chat
func*on
• Click
“raise
hand”
bu,on
to
be
taken
off
mute
and
ask
a
ques*on
verbally
• Slides
will
be
posted
online
following
webinar
–
link
will
be
shared
with
all
par*cipants
12. Who is speaking today:
Linda Neuhauser, DrPH
Linda Neuhauser, DrPH
Clinical Professor of Community
Health & Human Development, UC-
Berkeley School of Public Health
e: lindan@berkeley.edu
w: www.healthresearchforaction.org
13. Who is speaking today:
Kathryn Paez, RN, PhD
Kathryn Paez, RN, PhD
Principal Researcher, American
Institutes for Research
e: kpaez@air.org
w: www.air.org
14. Who is moderating our
discussion today:
Nancy Murphy, MSHC
Nancy Murphy, MSHC
Executive Vice President,
Metropolitan Group
e: nmurphy@metgroup.com
w: www.metgroup.com
15. Questions welcomed
• Submit
a
ques*on
at
any
*me
during
this
Webinar
using
the
chat
func*on
OR
clicking
the
“raise
hand”
bu,on
to
be
taken
off
mute.
• We
will
consolidate
ques*ons
and
pose
them
to
the
speakers
throughout
the
Webinar
and
during
the
Q&A
session
at
the
end.
• We
also
may
host
addi*onal
webinars
on
related
health
communica*on
topics
depending
on
the
results
of
the
evalua*on,
so
please
tell
us
if
you
want
more!
16. Before
we
launch
into
our
presenta=ons,
here
is
a
ques=on
for
you:
What
percentage
of
Americans
have
the
skills
to
understand
complex
health
informa*on,
such
as
insurance
choices?
a. 4%
b. 12%
c. 32%
d. 49%
17. Introducing Linda Neuhauser
Linda Neuhauser, DrPH
Clinical Professor of Community
Health & Human Development, UC-
Berkeley School of Public Health
18. Health
Literacy
&
Communica=on
about
Health
Care
Reform
Linda
Neuhauser,
DrPH
Clinical
Professor
School
of
Public
Health,
UC
Berkeley
Health
Communica=on
MaUers!
The
Ongoing
Challenge
to
explain
and
Implement
the
ACA
Webinar:
September
27,
2012
18
20. Health
Research
for
Ac=on
Over
20
years
of
experience:
• Assessing
literacy
levels
and
effec*veness
of
health
informa*on.
• Developing
and
distribu*ng
informa*on
for
large,
diverse,
and
mul*lingual
audiences
(over
15
languages,
plus
Braille,
MP3,
and
more).
• Conduc*ng
forma*ve
and
evalua*ve
research.
• Providing
trainings
to
improve
the
readability
and
usability
of
health
materials.
Recipients
of
na-onal
print,
Web,
health
literacy,
and
public
health
awards
21. Communica*ng
about
Health
Care
Reform
Over
50%
of
consumers
don’t
understand
it
Many
health
care
providers
don’t
either
22. CA
Consumer
Assistance
Survey
8/2012*
• Informa=on
from
77
organiza=ons
• 74%
educa=ng
clients
about
ACA
• 72%
said
materials
are
“too
complex”
for
clients
• Want
simple,
aUrac=ve
materials
in
many
languages;
accessible
• Mul=-‐media,
including
video
*Funded by: CA Office of the Patient Advocate and CA Dept of
Managed Health Care
23. Survey
(cont.):
Most
Important
Topics
• Medicaid
changes
• Health
Benefit
Exchange
• Finding
insurance
• Pa=ent
rights;
language
access
• Medicare
changes
• Preven=ve
care
• Drug
coverage,
&
12
other
topics
24. A
ques*on
for
Linda
What
is
health
literacy
-‐-‐-‐
and
why
is
it
important
for
ACA-‐
related
communica=on?
25. Health
Literacy
“The
degree
to
which
individuals
have
the
capacity
to
obtain,
process,
understand,
and
act
on
basic
health
informa=on
and
services
needed
to
make
appropriate
health
decisions.”*
Components:
Reading,
listening,
speaking,
using
numbers,
mo*va*on,
health
ac*ons
*Institute of Medicine, 2004
25
26. Health
literacy
is
also…
“The
capacity
of
professionals
and
ins=tu=ons
to
communicate
effec=vely
so
that
community
members
can
make
informed
decisions
and
take
appropriate
ac=ons
to
protect
and
promote
their
health.”*
-Joanne G. Schwartzberg, MD, American Medical
Association
26
27. What
is
it
like?
GNINAELC
–
Ot
erussa
hgih
ecnamrofrep,
yllacidoirep
naelc
eht
epat
sdaeh
dna
natspac
revenehw
uoy
eciton
na
noitalumucca
fo
tsud
dna
nworb-‐red
edixo
selcitrap.
Esu
a
noUoc
baws
denetsiom
h=w
lyporposi
lohocla.
Eb
erus
on
lohocla
sehcuot
eht
rebbur
strap,
sa
=
sdnet
ot
yrd
dna
yllautneve
kcarc
eht
rebbur.
Esu
a
pmad
tholc
ro
egnops
ot
naelc
eht
tenibac.
A
dlim
paos,
ekil
gnihsawhsid
tnegreted,
lliw
pleh
evomer
esaerg
ro
lio.
27
28. Na=onal
Assessment
of
Adult
Literacy,
2003
Below
Basic:
No
more
than
the
most
simple
&
concrete
literacy
ac*vi*es
Basic:
Can
perform
simple
everyday
literacy
ac*vi*es
Intermediate:
Can
perform
moderately
challenging
literacy
ac*vi*es
Proficient:
Can
perform
complex
and
challenging
literacy
28
29. Health
Literacy
Skills
by
Level
Below
Basic:
Circle
the
date
of
a
medical
appointment
on
a
hospital
appointment
slip.
Basic:
Give
2
reasons
for
gepng
tested
for
a
specific
disease,
based
on
informa*on
in
a
clearly
wri,en
pamphlet.
Intermediate:
Determine
what
*me
to
take
a
prescrip*on
medicine,
based
on
informa*on
on
the
drug
label
rela*ng
*ming
of
medica*on
to
ea*ng.
Proficient:
Calculate
an
employee’s
share
of
health
insurance
costs
for
a
year,
using
a
table.
29
30. Hispanic
Health
Literacy
Levels
Hispanic
adults
have
lower
average
health
literacy
than
adults
in
any
other
racial/ethnic
groups.
30
32. US
Reading
Levels
Compared
to
Health
Informa=on
Readability
•
The
average
American
reads
at
the
7th-‐8th
grade
level-‐-‐3
to
4
grades
below
last
grade
completed
•
20%
read
below
the
5th
grade
level
•
Most
health
informa*on
is
wri,en
at
the
10-‐12th
grade
level
33. Computer
Literacy
Requires
More
Skills
•
Ability
to
search
•
Ability
to
spell
•
Ability
to
navigate
pages
•
Ability
to
use
links
&
move
between
documents
•
Ability
to
use
interac*ve
features
Most
Internet
health
info
is
at
10-‐12th
grade
33
34. Mismatched
Communica=on
Information is too complicated for
people’s health literacy abilities.
34
35. Aler
a
clinical
visit,
pa=ents
may…
Forget
or
remember
incorrectly
over
50%
of
what
the
physician
said
36. A
ques=on
for
Linda
What
are
the
public
health
implica=ons
of
these
healthy
literacy
challenges?
37. Most
of
the
US
popula=on
may
be
at
risk
for…
• Medical
misunderstandings
• Mistakes
taking
medica=ons,
etc.
• Excess
hospitaliza=ons
(2X)
• Poor
health
outcomes
(1.5-‐3X)
• Unnecessary
deaths
38. Es=mated
Costs
of
Limited
Health
Literacy
on
the
Economy
$106
-‐
$238
Billion
This
represents
7%
-‐
17%
of
all
personal
health
care
expenditures
Vernon
J.
et
al,
2007
38
38
39. Na=onal
HL
Policy
Evolu=on
AHRQ
2001
–
top
11
pa*ent
safety
prac*ces
IOM
Report
on
health
literacy,
2004
Healthy
People
2010:
Objec*ve
11
Joint
Commission:
pa*ent
communica*on
requirements
Surgeon
General’s
Workshop
on
Health
Literacy
-‐
2006
Na*onal
Ac*on
Plan
to
Improve
Health
Literacy
-‐
2010
U.S.
Plain
Language
Act
-‐
2010
40. A
ques=on
for
Linda
So given all of this, what
can we do to improve
Health Communication?
41. “Clear
Health
Communica=on”
Tips
• Write
informa=on
at
appropriate
user
level
• Put
info
in
small
“chunks”
• Leave
1/3
to
1/2
page
as
“white
space”
• Limit
info
to
1-‐3
main
messages
• Focus
on
behaviors
rather
than
facts
• Use
photos
of
real
people
• Make
informa=on
culturally
sensi=ve
Involve
users
as
co-‐designers!
42.
43. Measure
the
Readability
of
Materials
•
Many
tests
(mostly
measure
#
words
in
a
sentence
and
#
syllables
per
word)
•
SMOG
•
Frye
•
Flesch
Reading
Ease
•
Flesch-‐Kinkaid
(avoid!)
Aim
for
about
a
6th-‐7th
grade
reading
level
43
44. “Universal
Design”
Studies
show
that
even
people
who
read
at
a
college
level
prefer
materials
wriUen
at
a
6th-‐8th
grade
level,
and
understand
them
beUer.
Davis
TC,
Crouch
MA,
Willis
G.
et
al.
The
gap
between
pa*ent
reading
comprehension
and
the
readability
of
pa*ent
educa*on
materials.
J
Fam
Pract
1990;
31:
533-‐8.
44
45. Suitability
Assessment
of
Materials
(SAM)
22-‐item
assessment
tool:
Readability
and
• Organiza*on
of
content
• Formapng
• Cultural
relevance
45
46. What
do
YOU
think?
What
do
YOU
find
most
difficult
to
explain
about
the
ACA?
a. The
*metable
for
implementa*on
b. The
different
components
of
the
law
c. How
the
Exchanges
will
work/cost
of
plans
d. All
of
the
above
47. Some
of
Our
Work
to
Improve
Consumer
Informa=on
about
Health
Care
&
the
ACA
50. Health
Research
for
Ac=on
ACA
Research
Ac=vi=es
-‐ Survey
of
CA
organiza=ons
providing
ACA
informa=on
to
consumers
-‐ Assessment
of
available
ACA
resources
in
California
51. CA
Study:
Assessment
of
ACA
materials
– We
tested
10
ACA
fact
sheets
for
readability
with
3
tests
– Results:
8
of
10
items
tested
at
12th
grade
to
college
reading
levels
(!!)
– Organiza=ons
wanted
simple
customizable
fact
sheets
in
many
languages
– Videos
on
using
consumer
assistants,
gerng
preven=ve
care,
and
reques=ng
an
interpreter,
calcula=ng
health
care
costs,
etc.
– Easy-‐to-‐understand
glossary
– PowerPoint
presenta=ons
for
providers
*Funded by: CA Office of the Patient Advocate and
CA Dept of Managed Health Care
52. Health
Research
for
Ac=on
ACA
Communica=on
Development
• Glossary
of
easy-‐to-‐understand
terms
• Fact
Sheets
on
8
key
topics
in
3
languages
• Videos
on
key
ACA
issues:
3
languages
• Postcards
for
Medicaid
changes
• Customizable
informa=on
templates
• PowerPoint
presenta=ons
on
ACA
53. Key
takeaways
-‐
Health
insurance
informa*on
requires
a
high
level
of
health
literacy
skills.
Only
about
12%
of
American
adults
are
es=mated
to
have
that
level
of
skills.
-‐ Available
ACA
informa*on
has
a
high
readability
level
(college)
and
is
too
hard
for
people
to
understand.
Such
informa=on
should
be
wriUen
at
a
6th-‐8th
grade
level.
-‐ Besides
wri,en
informa*on,
people
will
need
other
media,
such
as
videos,
and
also
people
to
help
them.
-‐
There
many
good
principles
to
develop
easier
to
understand
materials,
both
for
print
and
the
web.
54. Join
the
Conversa=on!
Questions or comments for
Linda?
Please submit questions by using
the chat function OR clicking the
“raise hand” button to be taken
off mute
We have our first question for
Linda . . .
59. By
2014,
20
million
Americans
are
expected
to
have
access
to
health
insurance
.
Source: The Congressional Budget Office, Letter to the Honorable Nancy Pelosi, Mar. 20, 2010,
http://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=11379.
60. Literacy
in
the
United
States
Percentage
of
adults
in
each
literacy
level,
2003
Below
Basic
Basic
Intermediate
Proficient
Quan*ta*ve
22%
33%
33%
13%
Document
12%
22%
53%
13%
Prose
14%
29%
44%
13%
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy
61. Health
insurance
is
one
of
the
most
complex
commodi=es
sold
to
consumers
Consumer
62. Consumers
are
required
to
navigate
through
layers
of
complicated
jargon
to
effec=vely
select
and
use
health
insurance
Provider
Types
Health
Care
Services
U=liza=on
of
Services
Enrollment
Rx
Drug
Coverage
Plan
Type
&
Accounts
Cost
Sharing
ap
1 st Dolla
Prev
mC Coinsurance
Care
r
Coverag
e
Max ime
imu
Medic ers
en
Prov
Coverage
t
tive
Consumer
Life
Limit Copay
id
al
Premium
Plan Year
Deductible
Tiered Benefits d
Den Guaranteed Bran Preexisting
Midle ers
i OOP Max
Prov
Paymal ofRenewal Condition
ent In & Out of Network
id
vel
Formulary
Group ID
Member ID
Member
Services
Rehabilitation Services
63. What
will
I
pay
for
a
bunionectomy?
Copay?
$100
Deduc*ble?
$1000
How
much
met
already?
Out
of
Network?
$950
usual
charge=$4,500;
actual
charge=$5,450
Coinsurance?
$690
or
20%
before
or
aSer
copay
and
deduc*ble?
$900
Out-of-pocket = $2,740 or $2,950
64. A
ques=on
for
Kathy
What is health
INSURANCE literacy? How
is it different from health
literacy?
65. Health
insurance
literacy
defined
“The
degree
to
which
individuals
have
the
knowledge,
ability,
and
confidence
to
find
and
evaluate
informa-on
about
health
plans,
select
the
best
plan
for
their
own
(or
their
family’s)
financial
and
health
circumstances,
and
use
the
plan
once
enrolled.”
Health
Insurance
Literacy
=
Selec=on
+
Use
Measuring Health Insurance Literacy: A Call to Action. A Report from the Health
Insurance Literacy Roundtable, February 2012
http://www.consumersunion.org/pub/Health_Insurance_Literacy_Roundtable_rpt.pdf
66. Breaking
down
health
insurance
literacy
into
its
parts
Knowledge
Document
Literacy
e.g.,
Understand
insurance
terms
and
concepts
e.g.,
Understand
an
explana*on
of
benefits
statement
Self-‐Efficacy
The
confidence
to
act
Informa*on-‐Seeking
Cogni*ve
Skills
Skills
e.g.,
Project
use
and
out-‐of-‐pocket
cost
e.g.,
Find
in-‐network
providers
on
plan
Web
site
67. A question for Kathy
How health insurance
literate are consumers?
68. Overly confident that insurance
covers the cost of care
“People
have
the
tendency
to
assume
that
because
you
have
a
par-cular
policy
from
a
par-cular
carrier,
you
have
good
insurance,
which
is
not
true.
You
can
have
Blue
Cross
Blue
Shield,
but
it
doesn’t
mean
that
it’s
a
good
policy.’’
69. Don’t
understand
insurance
mi=gates
financial
risk
“We’ve
actually
encountered
a
fair
number
of
people
who
say,
‘I’m
not
going
to
pay
$300
a
month
because
I’m
not
going
to
use
$300
a
month
of
anything.’
Some-mes
they
don’t
get
the
concept
that
if
you
don’t
need
it
now,
it’s
for
a
poten-al
future
health
problem
and
you
have
to
pay
in
advance.
You
don’t
sign
up
when
you
get
sick.”
70. Have
difficulty
assessing
value
• Gravitate
towards
cheaper,
high-‐risk
op*ons
or
more
expensive
but
less
cost-‐effec*ve
op*ons
71. Have
difficulty
appropriately
using
insurance
• Don’t
get
established
with
a
physician
• Assume
physicians
will
refer
them
to
in-‐network
providers
or
don’t
consider
network
at
all.
• Have
trouble
applying
plan
rules:
“Is
a
referral
needed
or
not?”
• Pay
out-‐of-‐pocket
costs
without
pursuing
insurance
nonpayment.
72. What
do
YOU
think?
• Where
should
consumers
turn
to
find
out
details
about
their
coverage?
a. Health
care
provider
b. Health
plan
or
Medicaid
office
c. Employer
HR
department
d. Health
care
advocacy
group
e. I’m
not
sure
74. Reducing
the
tremendous
cogni=ve
demand
on
consumers
• Standardize
• Simplify
informa*on
• Harness
technology
75. How
the
ACA
will
help
ACA
Reforms
September
23,
2012
January
1,
2014
Standardize
choice
• No
life*me
limits
• 4
comparable
actuarial
• 100%
coverage
for
some
value
*ers
preven*ve
services
• Coverage
of
“essen*al
benefits”
• Plans
offered
in
health
insurance
exchanges
(HIX)
are
“qualified”
Simplify
consumer
Summary
of
benefits
and
informa*on
coverage
(SBC)
materials
with
• Limit
coverage
examples
• Standardize
• Plain
language
Harness
technology
Plans
on
HIX
must
have
a
method
to
calculate
OOP
cost
Reforms apply to small group and individual plans in private market and
sometimes large group plans.
76. Coverage
levels
under
the
ACA
“the
metals”
Metal
Tier
Actuarial
Value
More
Coverage
Pla*num
90%
Gold
80%
Silver
70%
Bronze
60%
Versus
70 percent actuarial value: the plan pays 70
percent on average for covered medical services;
30 percent on average is paid for by beneficiaries.
77. Standardized
“essen=al
benefits”
required
by
the
ACA
• Ambulatory
pa*ent
services,
such
as
doctor’s
visits
and
outpa*ent
services
• Emergency
services
• Hospitaliza*on
• Maternity
and
newborn
care
• Mental
health
and
substance
use
disorder
services
• Prescrip*on
drugs
• Rehabilita*ve
and
habilita*ve
services
and
devices
• Laboratory
services
• Preven*ve
and
wellness
services
and
chronic
disease
management
• Pediatric
services,
including
oral
and
vision
care
78. Standardize
summary
of
benefits
and
coverage
• Mandated
that
all
insurance
plans
use
this
form
beginning
in
2012
• Standardized
and
tested
format
• Allows
comparison
of
coverage
op*ons
• Includes
coverage
examples
• Includes
glossary
of
terms
8
pages!!!
81. Glossary
of
terms
Deductible
The amount you owe for
health care services
your health insurance or
plan covers before your
health insurance or plan
begins to pay. For example, if
your deductible is $1000,
your plan won’t pay
anything until you’ve met
your $1000 deductible for
covered health care services
subject to the deductible. The
deductible may not apply to
all services.
84. It’s
YOUR
turn
ACA
and
it’s
implementa*on
will
make
it
easier
for
consumers
to
make
good
decisions
about
health
insurance
a. Agree
b. Disagree
c. Not
sure
85. Reducing
the
tremendous
cogni=ve
demand
on
consumers
• Standardize
• Simplify
informa*on
• Harness
technology
86. Choice
architecture
Organizes
and
frames
informa*on
• Filtering
to
limit
what
appears
on
the
screen
• Sor*ng
informa*on
• Comparing
side
by
side
(quality,
cost)
89. Key
takeaways
• Selecting and using health
insurance is tremendously
complex!
• We, as health care
professionals, all need to become
health insurance navigators and
support the less health insurance
literate.
• Attention is needed on
navigating insurance once
consumers get into the system.
90. Join
the
Conversa=on!
Questions or comments for
Kathy?
Please submit questions by using
the chat function OR clicking the
“raise hand” button to be taken
off mute
We have our first question for
Kathy. . .
92. Ques=ons
for
our
speakers
Kathryn Paez, RN, Linda Neuhauser,
PhD, American DrPH
Institutes for University of
Research California-Berkeley,
93. Health
Literacy:
Undervalued
by
Public
Health?
A
tool
for
public
health
professionals.
Prepared
for
the
American
Public
Health
Associa*on
Community
Health
Planning
&
Policy
Development
Sec*on
Tammy
Pilisuk,
MPH
AUG
2011
94. Next
steps
• Today’s slides will be posted online, along with
an archived version of this webinar, for future
access
• An evaluation will be sent to you shortly ─
please let us know if you would like to follow-up
on anything we touched on today
• Have additional questions? Contact our
presenters or moderator.
95. Thanks
to
our
speakers!
Kathryn Paez, RN, Linda Neuhauser,
PhD, American DrPH, University of
Institutes for California-Berkeley
Research
96. Resources
•
CDC:
Health
Literacy
h,p://www.cdc.gov/healthliteracy/index.html
•
Literacy
Informa*on
and
Communica*on
System
(LINCS):
h,ps://community.lincs.ed.gov/
•
American
Medical
Associa*on’s
health
literacy
site:
h,p://www.ama-‐assn.org/ama/pub/about-‐ama/our-‐
people/affiliated-‐groups/ama-‐founda*on/our-‐
programs/public-‐health/health-‐literacy-‐program.shtml
96
97. Resources
(cont.)
• US
Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
Web
Usability
Guidelines:
www.usability.gov
h,p://www.usability.gov/guidelines/index.html
• Communica*ng
Risks
and
Benefits:
An
Evidence-‐
Based
User’s
Guide:
h,p://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/
ReportsManualsForms/Reports/ucm268078.htm
(see
especially
Chapter
9,
“Health
Literacy”
and
Chapter
14,
“Readability,
Comprehension,
and
Usability”)
98. Resources
(cont.)
• ACA
Regula*ons
and
Guidance:
h,p://www.dol.gov/ebsa/healthreform/
index.html#5
• Web
Portal
for
the
public
www.healthcare.gov
• Qualita*ve
research
reports
by
Consumers
Union
evalua*ng
health
insurance
tools
for
consumers
h,p://www.consumersunion.org/health.html
98
101. Thank
you
to
our
Sponsors
Community Health
Planning and Policy
Development Section,
APHA
102. Thank
you
to
our
planning
commiUee
• Tammy
Pilisuk,
MPH,
APHA-‐CHPPD
• Erin
Brigham,
MPH,
CareSource,
APHA-‐CHPPD
• Amanda
Crowe,
MA,
MPH,
Impact
Health
Communica*ons,
LLC
• Meghan
Bridgid
Moran,
PhD,
San
Diego
State
University,
School
of
Communica*ons
• Nancy
Murphy,
MSHC,
Metropolitan
Group