This document discusses different types of energy and provides tips for conserving energy in various appliances and devices around the home. It outlines mechanical, heat, chemical, and electrical energy. It then provides recommendations for using fans, grinders, air conditioners, irons, refrigerators, pumps, water heaters, and computers in an energy-efficient manner. The document also analyzes India's energy usage and outlines barriers to greater energy efficiency.

1. Science holiday home work

2. ENERGY Conservation

3. WHAT IS ENERGY?
The strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity.
 A feeling of possessing such strength and vitality.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ENERGY
1.Mechanical Energy is the energy of motion that does the work like the
wind turns a windmill.
2. Heat Energy where motion or rise in temperature is caused by heat like
a fire in your fireplace.
3. Chemical Energy is the chemical reaction causing changes; food and fuel
both store chemical energy.
4. Electrical Energy is when motion, light or heat is produced by an electrical
current like the electric coils on your stove.

5. Fans
•
•
•
•
•
Use light weight/high power fans.
Use electronic regulators for less cost
Avoid rewinding motors
Clean fan blades often
Apply oil in the fan bearings then and there

6. GRINDER at HOME
•
•
•
•
Use high power motors in the grinders
See that your grinders have nylon belts
Use the grinder to the full power and energy
Clean the grinder often and apply oil in
relevant parts.

7. AC
• Select an appropriate size
of the AC unit according
to the room size.
• Close the doors of the
rooms with AC
• Clean the filters of the AC
frequently
• See that there is no air
going out of the room
• Keep the AC always in 25
deg C.
• When you replace your old
AC always look for AC with
Star mark for better
power and energy…

8. IRON BOX
• Never iron the clothes one by one….. Try and plan
for more clothes at a time.
• Switch off the Iron Box then and there.

9. Refrigerator
• Always keep the Fridge little away from the wall and let
there by some ventilation.
• Avoid opening and closing of doors of the fridge.
• Avoid keeping hot/warm products in the fridge… wait for
the products to come to room temperature…
• Defrost often to avoid ice formation…
• Buy “5 Star” marked fridges for power save
• Adjust the thermostat instrument of the fridge
according to the room or outside temperature

10. Motor pumps
• Use high power motor
pumps for efficiency
• Use PVC pipes/avoid
GI pipes
• Avoid water leakages
in the pipes
• Add capacitors in the
water pump motor
• Avoid water tank over
flowing… use relevant
instruments to
indicate the same….

11. Water heaters
• Avoid water leakages
in the water pipes
• Try solar heaters if
possible
• Try to put on safety
cover on to hot
water pipes…

12. Computers
• When not in use switch off
computers.
• If a PC runs for 24 hrs, it
consumes more electricity
than the AC
• Put on monitor of the PC
when not required or not in
use
• Sleep mode
computers/monitors save
40% power
• Switching on/off of the PC
according to requirement
saves power and provides

14. Energy profile in country
India’s energy intensity per unit of GDP is higher by
3.7 times of Japan
1.5 times of USA
Indicates high wastage of energy
Power shortages in the country
Peak –13%
Average –8%
Additional 10,000 MW required by 2012
Rs8000 billion investment required
14

15. The industrial sector is consuming 50% of total commercial energy in
country.
Commercial sources of energy
 Coal and lignite contribute
 Oil and natural
 Hydroelectric power
 Nuclear power
56%
40%
3%
1%

16. Agriculture:3.5%
Industry:50.7%
Transport:23.2%
Residential:10.3%
Others:12.3%
Sales
12%
3%
Industry
10%
52%
23%
Transport
Residential
Others
Agriculture
16

17. Comparison of Specific Energy Use in Select
Industries (Figures in million kcal/ Tonne )
COUNTRY
STEEL
CEMENT
PULP&PAPER
FERTILIZER
INDIA
9.5
2.00
11.13
12.23
USA
6.07
1.30
7.62
11.25
UK
6.06
0.95
9.70
11.32
JAPAN
4.18
1.20
-
17

18. Barriers To Energy Efficiency
Lack of awareness
Lack of widespread education & training
Economic and market distortions
Lack of standardization & labelling on
equipment/devices
Lack of financing
Lack of effective coordination
18

19. Energy Conservation in Indian Industries
Industry
Absolute energy
consumption
(million G Cal)
Scope of energy
conservation in
the sector (%)
Energy cost as
Percentage of mfg
cost (%)
Fertilizers & Pesticides 112
10
60
Sugar
100
20
12
Cement
67
10
40
Textile
52.5
20-25
13
Aluminum
30.1
15-20
40
Paper
26
20
25
Glass
15
15
30
19

20. Some energy conservation devices