by shahil b k ..project loon

1. Project loonBy: Sahil

2. ◊ In 2008, Google considered contracting
Space Data Corp, but didn't do so
◊ 2011, the unofficial development of the
project began under Google X Labs
◊ 14 June 2013, Google announced this as an
official project
◊ 16 June 2013, A pilot experiment
happened in New Zealand and about 30
balloons were launched
History of Project Loon

3. Many of us think of the Internet as a global community. But two-thirds of the world’s
population does not yet have Internet access. Project Loon is a network of balloons
traveling on the edge of space, designed to connect people in rural and remote areas, help
fill coverage gaps, and bring people back online after disasters.
What is Project Loon?

4. Two out of three people on earth do
not have internet access

5. Project loon
Baloon-powered internet for all
Connect people who have no
Internet access at all
Connect people after disaster

6. How it works?
Project loon floats in the stratosphere,
Twice as the airplanes and the weather.
Balloons travel around the Earth using
The wind and can reach many places by
Rising or descending o an altitude with
Winds moving in the desired direction
Unlike weather balloons, they are
superpressure balloons designed to
stay up for 100+ days

7. How it works?
People Connect to the network using special internet antenna attached to
their building. The signal bounces from balloon to balloon, then to the
global internet back to Earth
• Each balloon can provide connectivity to a ground area about 40 km
In diameter at speeds comparable to 3G
• For balloon to balloon and balloon to ground communications, the balloons
Use antennas equipped with specialized radio frequency technology.
• Project loon currently uses ism bands(specifically 2.4 and 5.8 Ghz bands)
That are available for anyone to use.

8. Antennas attached to the
buildings.

9. Pilot Test, June 2013
Project Loon started with an experimental pilot:
• 50+ testers in Christchurch/Canterbury
area of NewZeland connected to the balloon-
powered internet from special internet
antennas attached at their homes.
• The results are helping them plan for the next
phase of this project.

10. The technology
The first person to connect to
the "Google Balloon Internet"
after the initial
test balloons were launched
into the stratosphere was a
farmer in the town
of Leeston, New Zealand, who
was one of 50 people in the
area around
Christchurch who agreed to be
a pilot tester for Project Loon.
The New Zealand farmer lived
in a rural location that couldn't
get
broadband access to the
Internet, and had used a
satellite Internet
service in 2009, but found that
he sometimes had to pay over
$1000 per
month for the service.
The locals knew nothing about
the secret project other than its
ability to
deliver Internet connectivity;
but allowed project workers
to attach a
basketball-sized receiver
resembling a giant bright-red
party balloon
to an outside wall of their
property in order to connect to
the network

11. How Loon connects ?
The first person to connect to the "Google Balloon Internet" after the
initial
test balloons were launched into the stratosphere was a farmer in the
town
of Leeston, New Zealand, who was one of 50 people in the area around
Christchurch who agreed to be a pilot tester for Project Loon.
The New Zealand farmer lived in a rural location that couldn't get
broadband access to the Internet, and had used a satellite Internet
service in 2009, but found that he sometimes had to pay over $1000 per
month for the service.
The locals knew nothing about the secret project other than its ability to
deliver Internet connectivity; but allowed project workers to attach a
basketball-sized receiver resembling a giant bright-red party balloon
to an outside wall of their property in order to connect to the network

12. Where Loon is going?
Project Loon began with a pilot test in June 2013, when
thirty balloons were launched from New Zealand’s South
Island and beamed Internet to a small group of pilot
testers. The pilot test has since expanded to include a
greater number of people over a wider area.
Project Loon will continue to expand the pilot through
2014, with the goal of establishing a ring of uninterrupted
connectivity around the 40th southern parallel,
so that pilot testers at this latitude can receive
continuous service via balloon-powered Internet.

13. Google's Project Loon balloon goes
around the world in just 22 days

14. How Loon Moves ?
◊ Project loon balloons travel around 20 km above the
earth’s surface in the stratosphere.
◊ Winds in the stratosphere are generally steady and slow-
moving at between 5 and 20 mph, and each layer of
wind varies in direction and magnitude.
◊ The set-up uses software algorithms to determine
where its balloons need to go, then moves each one
into a layer of wind blowing in the right direction.
14

15. How loon is designed.
 Envelop
The inflatable part of the balloon is called a balloon envelope.
A well-made balloon envelope is critical for allowing a balloon to last around 100 days
in the stratosphere. Loon’s balloon envelopes are made from sheets of polyethylene plastic,
and they measure fifteen meters wide by twelve meters tall when fully inflated.
When a balloon is ready to be taken out of service, gas is released from the envelope to
bring the balloon down to earth in a controlled descent. In the unlikely event that a balloon
drops too quickly, a parachute attached to the top of the envelope is deployed.

16. Why Stratosphere ?
◊ The stratosphere ranges between 10 km and 60 km
altitude
on the edge of space.
◊ The extreme altitude of the stratosphere presents
unique
engineering challenges:
- Air pressure is 1% of that at sea level
- Temperatures hover around -50°c
- A thinner atmosphere
- Less protection from the UV radiation
◊ Suitable because this sphere is having steady
stratospheric
winds.

17. Each balloon’s electronics are powered by an array of solar panels. The solar array is a flexible
plastic laminate supported by a light-weight aluminum frame. It uses high efficiency
monocrystalline solar cells. The solar array is mounted at a steep angle to effectively capture
sunlight on short winter days at higher latitudes. The array is divided into two sections facing in
opposite directions, allowing us to capture energy in any orientation as the balloons spin slowly
in the wind. The panels produce approximately 100 Watts of power in full sun, which is enough to
keep Loon’s electronics running while also charging a battery for use at night. By moving with the
wind and charging in the sun, Project Loon is able to power itself using entirely renewable energy
sources.

18. Electronics
A small box containing the balloon’s electronics hangs underneath the
inflated envelope, like the basket carried by a hot air balloon. This box
contains circuit boards that control the system, radio antennas to
communicate with other balloons and with Internet antennas on the ground,
and lithium ion batteries to store solar power so the balloons can operate
throughout the night.

19. Thank you.