1. Reaching Goals Together
Team Building

2. Objectives
• Understand how teams work
• Develop skills to build a team
• Explain problem solving in a team
• Examine techniques for managing conflict
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3. If you want to succeed in modern
organizational and social life, you must
understand how to communicate
effectively as a member of a Team.
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4. Why Teams
1. Meet important human needs
2. Teams are everywhere
3. Cannot assume that we participate
effectively
4. Vehicle by which the individual can make
a contribution to the organization and
society as a whole
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5. Definition--Team
Individuals
Collaborative
Shared Goal
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6. Product
Input Through Put
• Energy • Transformation
• Information • Input to output
• Raw materials
Output
• Tangible product
• Reports
• Policies
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7. Effectiveness
• Workable size
– Usually 3 – 7, rarely more than 15
• Mutually interdependent purpose
• Each person has a sense of belonging
• Interaction involving verbal and non-verbal
channels
• A sense of cooperation among members.
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8. The Participant—Observer
Participant-Observer Social Loafer
• Active • Minimal contribution
• Observes • Assumes the other
• Evaluates members will take up the
• Participates slack
• Shares common goal • Does not share common
goal
• Understands common
goal
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9. The number of members and their personal
characteristics are input variables that
seriously affect team communication and
productivity
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10. Ethical Behavior
1. Team members should not disconfirm,
belittle, or ridicule other members
2. Team members should make sure they
understand other members before
agreeing or disagreeing with them
3. Team members should be thorough in
gathering information and diligent in
evaluating it
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11. Ethical Behavior (cont)
4. Members should be willing to speak and
should not do anything to prevent others
from speaking freely
5. Team members should embrace diversity
within the team
6. Team members must conduct themselves
with honesty and integrity
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12. Building a Team
All components of a
team operate
interdependently
with one another;
not in isolation.
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13. The Team
Nonsummativty • The personalities,
The property of the education,
team where the whole commitment, the
is not the sum of its individual make the
parts, but may be personality of the
greater or lesser than team
the sum.
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14. Traits and Attitude
Trait Attitude
• A relatively enduring, • A network of beliefs and
consistent pattern of values, not directly
behavior or other measurable, that a
observable person holds toward an
characteristics. object, person or concept;
produces a tendency to
react in specific ways
toward that object,
person, or concept.
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15. Briggs-Myers
Rev 12/2010 Report Writing - Team Building 15

16. Shared Goal
• Determine goal
• Validate each
member’s
commitment to the
goal
• Constantly remind of
goal
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17. Open- Assertivenes Responsibilit
Willingness
Mindedness s y
Anxiety or Assertivene
Listener
fear ss Self-driven
Nonjudgme
Reticence Passiveness
ntal
Team
Aggressive driven
Shyness Dogmatic
ness
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18. Factors of Teams
Internal External
• Characteristics • Task
• Preferences • Values
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19. Two Phases of Development
• Formation Phase
– Members get to Formation
know each other
– Develop
interpersonal
relationships
• Production phase
Production
– Focus on team
tasks
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20. Two Phases of Development
• Production phase
– Focus on team Production
tasks
• Formation Phase
– Needs to be
reinvigorated
– New members Formation
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21. Effective Problem Solving
Solution
Problem Goal
Obstacle
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22. P-MOPS
Procedural Model of Problem Solving (P-MOPS)
Problem
Implemen
Solution
t
Consensus Evaluate
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23. Considerations
• Task difficulty • Acceptance
• Solution multiplicity • Technical
requirements
• Intrinsic interest
• Area of freedom
• Cooperative
requirements • Goal
• Population familiarity
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24. Methods of Decision
Winners &
Losers By
majority
vote
By
Sometimes leader
Needed
By
consensus
Usually
Best
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25. Decisions by Consensus
Advantages Disadvantages
• All members support the • Usually takes more
decision time
• Members more satisfied
and committed to • Members may feel
decision pressured to conform
• Decision can be high • May be hard or
quality, because all impossible to achieve
viewpoints are taken into
account • May cause team
• May cause team conflict conflict
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26. Suggestions for Consensus
1. Don’t argue stubbornly for your own position
2. Avoid looking at a stalemate as a win-lose
situation
3. When agreement is reached to easily and
too quickly, be on guard for team think
4. Avoid conflict-suppressing techniques, such
as majority vote, averaging, coin toss, etc.
5. Seek out differences of opinion
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27. Conflict
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28. Tension
• Tension is normal in team interactions
• Some tension is desirable
• Managing tension is part of the team
dynamics
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29. Benefits of Conflict
1. Conflict can produce better understanding
of both issues and people.
2. Conflict can increase member motivation.
3. Conflict can produce better decisions.
4. Conflict can produce greater
cohesiveness among team members.
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30. Negative Effects of Conflict
1. Conflict can cause bad feelings among
the team members.
2. Conflict, especially if it involves personal
attacks or is carried on too long, can
lower team cohesiveness.
3. Conflict can split a team apart.
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31. Primary Tension
Interpersonal -- first meet or during competition for power
among members
• Member related • Reduction
– Interpersonal – Mutual respect
– Self-centered – Self-disclosure
competition • More difficult to
resolve
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32. Secondary Tension
Stems from task-related
• Points-of-view • Reduction
differences – Agreeing
• Result from opinion – Showing solidarity
differences • Use we
– Tension release
• Can be loud and
• humor
vocal
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33. Conflict Management Styles
• Avoidance
• Accommodation
• Competition
• Collaboration
• Compromise
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34. Effective Disagreement
1. Do express your disagreement
2. Stick with the issue at hand
3. Use rhetorical sensitivity in expressing
disagreement
4. Disagree with the idea but do not ever
criticize the person
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35. Effective Disagreement
5. Base your disagreement on evidence and
reasoning
6. React to disagreement in a spirit of
inquiry, not defensiveness
7. If someone persists in attacking you, stay
calm and speak reasonably
8. Use an integrative rather than distributive
approach to solving the conflict
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36. Summary
• Teams are part of human society
• Teams function in every human endeavor
• For teams to function effectively, the
individuals must act ethically toward each
other
• Team success requires active participation
from the individuals.
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37. Resources
• Team Building
http://www.depts.ttu.edu/aged/leadership/lead
tem.htm
• Emerging Systems for Managing Workplace
Conflict:
http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewc
ontent.cgi?article=1101&context=ilrreview
• Building Team Cohesion:
http://cas.bethel.edu/dept/comm/nfa/journal/v
ol23no1-16.pdf
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38. Resources
• Leadership & Management: Managing Teams
(There are 17 articles in this topic.)
http://hbswk.hbs.edu/topics/managingteams.ht
ml
• Managing Virtual Project Teams
http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~ceb/b895/btrautsch895.
pdf
• Characteristics of effective teams: a literature
review
http://www.unc.edu/courses/2008fall/nurs/379/9
60/65_604078165817-effective_teams.pdf
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