Mobile, Smartphones, Wi-Fi, and Apps. 2017-2018 edition

IT for Tourism Services, UniBg 2017-2018
Mobile, Smartphones,
Wi-Fi, and Apps
Mobile, Wi-Fi, Apps. Lecture 04, October 12, 2017

IT for Tourism Services, UniBg 2017-2018IT for Tourism Services, UniBg 2017-2018
What Are We Talking About Today?
slide 2Mobile, Wi-Fi, Apps. Lecture 04, October 12, 2017
1. Mobile
2. Different Needs
3. Geolocation & Georeference
4. Mobile-Friendliness
5. Location-Based Services
6. Wi-Fi
7. Apps vs. Websites

Mobile
slide 3Mobile, Wi-Fi, Apps. Lecture 04, October 12, 2017
Source:
The Telegraph
November 11, 2016
Source:
ComScore
2014

IT for Tourism Services, UniBg 2017-2018 slide 4IT for Tourism Services, UniBg 2017-2018
They’re Around…
Image credit to oneindia.com
Cell
phone
Bag
Shoes
Destination

Different Needs?
Talking about tourism and mobility, let’s see now whether tourist needs
are expressed and addressed via a desktop computer
or through a mobile device, i.e. on-the-move.
slide 5

From Home
On a desktop computer
 Information Search
 Fore-Seeing
 Customization
 Information Comparison
 Purchase of Products
 Purchase of Personal Services
slide 6
Before leaving

Information Search
 on tourist destinations
 on tours or routes
 on accommodation
 on airlines
 on railways
 on car rental
 on packaged tours
slide 7

Fore-Seeing
 through pictures
 through videos
 through presentations
 through augmented reality
 through virtual reality
slide 8

Customization
 segmentation
 down to the single tourist
 privacy –- as we will see –- is disappearing
slide 9

Information Comparison
 User Generated Content
 Photo sharing
 Video sharing
slide 10

Purchase Of Products
or e-commerce
 from Travel Providers
 through OnLine Travel Agents (OTA)
 directly from destinations
 from specialized publishers
slide 11

Purchase Of Personal Services
 local guides
 guided tours
 local courses (cuisine, arts & crafts etc.)
slide 12

On-The-Move
Now, let's take into consideration which tourist needs are expressed by mobile
users.
slide 13

Through Mobile Devices
Through a mobile device
 Local Information
 Advice
 Geographical Positioning
 Information on Public Transport
 Reassurance
 Communication
slide 14
While Travelling

Local Information
“What can I do?”
“Will that venue still be open?”
“What is this building?”
slide 15

Advice
“Any good place to have a meal?”
“Any free toilets in the area?”
“Any affordable activities?”
slide 16

Geographical Positioning
“Where am I?”
“Which way to the main square?”
“Which way to my hotel?”
slide 17

Information on Public Transport
“Which bus shall I take? And where from?”
“Shall I purchase tickets in advance?”
“It's late... Will the bus still be running?”
slide 18

Reassurance
“Is it going to rain?”
“Will I find a parking place for my car? Where?
And how much will they charge me?”
“Is this a dangerous area?”
slide 19

Communication
“I need to make a phone call!”
“I need to send a short message!”
“I wish I could visit that webpage...”
slide 20

Georeference
Several of the functions
mentioned above depend on
geographical positioning.
And geographical position is
based on georeference.
According to Wikipedia, “to
georeference something
means to define its existence
in physical space.”
slide 21

Longitude and Latitude
According to Wikipedia, “a
geographic coordinate
system is a coordinate
system that enables every
location on the Earth to be
specified by a set of
numbers or letters.”
slide 22

Any place can be defined by its longitude and latitude.
A Longitude and a Latitude
Mobile, Wi-Fi, Apps. Lecture 04, October 12, 2017 slide 23

Points of Interest
Places, which may be interesting for tourists, have their georeferenced positions
detected through satellites (again just coordinates: longitude and latitude).
Georeferenced places stored in data systems are called Points of Interest (POIs).
slide 24

Georeferenced POIs
Georeferenced Points of Interest (POIs) stored in data systems –- like Google Maps
or Here -- can be “read” by users’ devices like smartphones.
slide 25
If a device “knows”
its geographical
position, it can “read”
and list which POIs
can be found in the
area, and show
directions to reach
those POIs.

The Global Positioning System
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based Global Navigation Satellite
System (GNSS) that provides location and time information in all weather,
anywhere on or near the Earth, where there is an unobstructed line of sight to
four or more GPS satellites.
It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible by
anyone with a GPS receiver.
Current GPS-based devices include in car navigation systems (like Tom Tom) and
–- increasingly -– smartphones like the iPhone or Android-based mobile phones.
There are more than one GNSS. Europe is developing the Galileo GNSS.
slide 26

Or GPS
User Segment
Space Segment
Control Segment
slide 27

Google Maps Coordinates #1

Google Maps Vs. OpenStreetMap
Google Maps is currently the most diffused proprietary map system.
It relies on different providers of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
according to different countries, and is somehow opposed to
Open Street Map, an open source map system.
slide 33

Mobile-Friendliness
A Google Tool checks
mobile compliance,
or mobile-
friendliness.
slide 34

Location-Based Services
Indeed, there are seamless connections among locations –- tourist locations, too! –-
their geographical representation on the Web (on Google Maps, or on Foursquare)
and your customers’ smartphones.
This is very interesting from a tourist point of view.
1. Your website can use Google Maps to provide your customers with drive
directions to your business.
2. Destinations can provide location-based information on their heritage and
tourist services.
3. Destinations can provide such location-based info through mobile devices like
smartphones.
slide 35

Foursquare
Foursquare is a local search-and-discovery service mobile app which provides
search-results for its users.
By taking into account the places where a user goes, the things they have told the
app that they like, and the other users whose advice they trust, Foursquare
provides recommendations of the places to go to near a user's current location.
slide 36
The service was created in
late 2008 and launched in
2009.

Foursquare Sample #1

Destinations vs. Wi-Fi Coverage
“Infrastructure, especially those that support digital connectivity, are strategic
for enabling and supporting smart city tourist services.
Of course, different levels of complexity and cost infrastructure connect to
different governance levels.
Fiber backbones and 5G networks involve national and regional government
and high-level decision makers whereas free Wi-Fi directly involves local
government, municipality and citizens.”
Lorenzi, Mancin, Cagol (2014)
slide 40

Apple
The mobile phone technology has
changed people’s habits.
Smartphones are now more popular
than wristwatches.
Apple has imposed the iPhone
model, a closed world where you
enter only by accepting Apple's
operating system iOS, and gradually
adding specific applications.
This is the model we refer to when
we talk of apps.

Apps vs. Websites
The same way, Google has imposed
its own Android operating system.
People often install iOS or Android
horizontal apps, as for social
networks or maps. Less often do
they download vertical apps for a
town or a resort...
Individual towns, resorts or cultural
institutions are in growing need of
mobile-friendly websites.
slide 42

Mobile, Smartphones, Wi-Fi, and Apps. 2017-2018 edition

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Mobile, Smartphones, Wi-Fi, and Apps. 2017-2018 edition