3. PERSONALITY:
Definition:
Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking,
feeling and behaving. The study of personality focuses on two broad areas:
I. One is understanding individual differences in particular personality
characteristics, such as sociability or irritability.
II. The other is understanding how the various parts of a person come together as a
whole.
5. JUNG’S MODEL OF PERSONALITY:
JUNG’S MODEL
Jung's model suggests that the superordinate dimension of personality is introversion
and extraversion.
INTROVERSION:
Introverts are likely to relate to the external world by listening, reflecting, being
reserved, and having focused interests.
EXTRAVERSION:
Extraverts on the other hand, are adaptable and in tune with the external world. They
prefer interacting with the outer world by talking, actively participating, being sociable,
expressive, and having a variety of interests.
6. PERSONALITY TYPES
Jung (1921) also identified two other dimensions of personality: Intuition - Sensing and
Thinking - Feeling.
SENSING:
Sensing types tend to focus on the reality of present situations, pay close attention to
detail, and are concerned with practicalities
INTUITION:
Intuitive types focus on envisioning a wide range of possibilities to a situation and favor
ideas, concepts, and theories over data.
THINKING:
Thinking types use objective and logical reasoning in making their decisions, are more
likely to analyze stimuli in a logical and detached manner, be more emotionally stable, and
score higher on intelligence
FEELING:
Feeling types make judgments based on subjective and personal values. In interpersonal
decision-making, feeling types tend to emphasize compromise to ensure a beneficial
solution for everyone
7. PERSONALITY DISORDERS:
DEFINATION:
Personality disorders are a group of mental illnesses. They involve long-term patterns of
thoughts and behaviors that are unhealthy and inflexible. People with personality
disorders have trouble dealing with everyday stresses and problems. They often have
stormy relationships with other people.
TYPES:
1. Paranoid personality disorder. ...
2. Schizoid personality disorder. ...
3. Schizotypal disorder. ...
4. Antisocial personality disorder. ...
5. Borderline personality disorder. ...
6. Histrionic personality disorder. ...
7. Narcissistic personality disorder. ...
8. Avoidant personality disorder.
8. CAUSES & EFFECTS OF PERSONALITY
DISORDERS:
Early problems:
Severe aggression, disobedience, and repeated temper tantrums in childhood.
Brain problems:
Some people with antisocial personality disorder have very slight differences in the structure of their brains,
and in the way some chemicals work in their brains.
CAUSES:
• using a lot of drugs or alcohol
• problems getting on with your family
• money problems
• anxiety, depression or other mental health problems
• important events
• stressful situations
• loss, such as death of a loved one
9. EFFECTS OF PERSONALITY DISORDER:
EFFECTS:
• Loss of ability to make responsible financial decisions
• Loss of job or source of income
• Inability to secure and maintain satisfying work
• Poor relationship quality
• Decreased function in the family
• Feelings of worthlessness and/or hopelessness
• Developing additional mental disorders or existing disorders becoming more
severe
14. REALISTIC PERSONALITY
An individual with a realistic personality has:
• Mechanical aptitude
• Manual dexterity
• Physical coordination
• Mine motor skills
• A preference for Hands-on learning experiences and practical learning.
15. INVESTIGATIVE PERSONALITY:
A person with an investigative personality:
• Invents
• Researches
• Solve problems
• Works with ideas
• Has computer aptitude
• Love knowledge
16. ARTISTIC PERSONALITY:
An individual with an artistic personality enjoys:
• Writing
• Acting
• The arts
• Music
• Linguistics
• Creative design
• Creative expression
17. SOCIAL PERSONALITY:
Someone with a social personality likes to:
• Teach
• Listen
• Serve
• Work with others
• Show empathy
• Learn in groups
• Be cooperative
18. ENTERPRISE PERSONALITY
Individual with enterprise personality:
• Speak publicly
• Sell products and services
• Persuade
• Manage people and personality
• Take action
• Enjoy adventure
• Lead
• Link setting goals
19. CONVENTIONAL PERSONALITY
A person with an conventional personality:
• Organizes
• Attends to detail
• Manage time
• Set priorities
• Likes to handle things in a systematic manner
• Prefers to be accurate
• Desires to be efficient
23. TRAITS OF PERSONALITY
There are five traits of personality:
Openness:
Openness is shorthand for "openness to experience." People who are high in openness
enjoy adventure. They're curious and appreciate art, imagination and new things. The
motto of the open individual might be "Variety is the spice of life."
Conscientiousness:
People who are conscientious are organized and have a strong sense of duty. They're
dependable, disciplined and achievement-focused. You won't find conscientious types
jetting off on round-the-world journeys with only a backpack; they're planners.
Extraversion:
It is possibly the most recognizable personality trait of the Big Five. The more of an
extravert someone is, the more of a social butterfly they are. Extraverts are chatty,
sociable and draw energy from crowds. They tend to be assertive and cheerful in their
social interactions.
24. Agreeableness:
Agreeableness measures the extent of a person's warmth and kindness. The
more agreeable someone is, the more likely they are to be trusting, helpful and
compassionate. Disagreeable people are cold and suspicious of others, and
they're less likely to cooperate.
Neuroticism:
Neuroticism is one of the Big Five higher-order personality traits in the study
of psychology. Individuals who score high on neuroticism are more likely
than average to be moody and to experience such feelings as anxiety, worry,
fear, anger, frustration, envy, jealousy, guilt, depressed mood, and
loneliness.
