3. AIMS
• Conscious purposes and goals.
• Set of objectives which the teacher tries to
achieve.
• Knowledge helps to avoid aimlessness in
teaching.
VALUES
• Outcomes received after teaching
according to the aims.
• Realised in course of teaching.
• Actual results of our teaching efforts.
4. MATHEMATICS
According to PLATO
Mathematics is the subject which provides an opportunity for the
training of mind to close thinking, stirring up a sleeping and
unstructured spirit.
-
5. Mathematics has got many educational values which determine the
need of teaching the subject in schools. Education must contribute
towards the acquirement of these values.
Knowledge and skill
Intellectual habits & power
Desirable attitude and ideals
These values can be studied mainly under the following heads:
1. Practical Value/ Utilitarian value
2. Cultural Value
3. Disciplinary Value.
6. DISCIPLINARY VALUE
Trains or disciplines the mind
Exact, true & to the point knowledge
Develops reasoning & thinking powers
Demands less from memory
Development of power rather than
acquisition of knowledge
Knowledge comes as a natural sequence or
by- product
Mathematics is a way to settle in the
mind a habit of reasoning.
-Locke
7. Reasoning in Mathematics possesses certain
characteristics which are suitable for the
training of learner’s mind.
Characteristic of SIMPLICITY
Teaches that definite facts are always
expressed in a simple language & are
always easily understandable.
One can easily follow a gradation going
from simple to complex.
Characteristic of ACCURACY
No chance of progress & credit in
Mathematics without this.
Accurate reasoning, thinking &
judgment are essential for the study.
Accuracy, exactness & precision
compose the beauty.
Student learns the value of accuracy &
applies in life, learns to influence &
command others by accuracy.
8. Reasoning in Mathematics possesses certain
characteristics which are suitable for the
training of learner’s mind.
Characteristic of Certainty of Results
Difference of opinion between
teacher & taught is missing.
Student can verify the result by
reverse process.
Student can remove difficulties
by self effort.
Characteristic of Originality
Demands original thinking
Practice in originality enables the
child to face new problems &
situations with confidence .
9. Reasoning in Mathematics possesses certain
characteristics which are suitable for the
training of learner’s mind.
• Characteristic of Similarity to
the reasoning of life.
• Characteristic of Verification
of Results
• Power of knowledge
• Application of knowledge
10. CULTURAL VALUE
• Mathematics is the mirror of
civilisation
- Hogben
• Understanding of the world,
civilisation & culture requires
mathematical principles.
• This value is increasing day by
day.
• Prosperity of man & his cultural
advancement have depended
considerably upon the
advancement of mathematics.
• Progress of different occupations
build up culture & Mathematics is
it’s backbone.
11. • Modern materialistic attitude is the
outcome of influence of Mathematics on
life & culture.
• Medium to pass on cultural heritage to
coming generations.
• Pivot for cultural arts like sculpture,
painting etc.
13. SOCIAL VALUE Society is the result of union of individuals.
Math helps in its proper organisation &
maintenance.
Helps in creating a social order.
Useful tool for smooth transactions, exchange,
trade, business & bargaining .
Harmony, law & order, dynamicity etc seen in
society is because of Mathematics.
IT, Construction of Modern Airports, electronic
telephone exchange are the gifts of Mathematics.
The progress & improvement of Maths
are linked to the prosperity of the state.
- Napolean
14. MORAL VALUE
Able to understand how it is concerned with
right & wrong conduct.
Qualities like honesty, patience, simplicity etc
can be developed through the learning.
Helps in moral development &
character formation.
No place for half truths,
unreasonableness, prejudiced
feelings etc.
Germinates & nourishes good
character in individulas .
15. AESTHETIC
VALUE • (Pythagoras, Archimedes stories)
Magic quares, triangles
Eg : 9 x 9 + 7 = 88
98 x 9 + 6 = 888
987 x 9 + 5 = 8888
Shapes in Nature
Music is nothing but mathematically organised
sound.
Concerned with beauty, art &
understanding of beautiful
things.
Provides great pleasure to the
learner.
Entertains with games, puzzles
etc.
16. INTELLECTUAL
VALUE
Problems train the thought process.
Proving of statements requires
argumentation, comparison,
cancellation etc, (the experiences of
intellectual value).
Eg : All theorems & proofs in Geometry
Development of intellectual
traits like Power of Thinking &
Reasoning, induction, analysis
etc.
Taught for the development of
power rather than knowledge.
17. INTERNATIONAL
VALUE
Develops International brotherhood &
peace.
Brings nation together.
Math knowledge maintain goodwill,
understanding, collective work &
uniform development all over the globe.
Mathematical knowledge is
not monopoly of any nation.
Travels all over the world
benefiting human beings &
nature.
Mathematicians irrespective of
caste, race etc made great
contributions
18. CONCLUSION
Mathematics develops different skills, valuable information, thinking, reasoning
capacity , disciplines the mind, hardwork, patience, logical thinking, cultural
advancement, intellectual growth, character building, social relationship and
international understanding.