Nanocrystals will account for 60% of a $136 billion nanotechnology-enabled drug delivery market by 2021. We forecast the total market size in 2021 to be US$136 billion, with a 60/40 split between nanocrystals and nanocarriers respectively.Since we now understand that most (if not all) biological processes occur at the nanoscale, the application of life science principles ' studying the causes of biological phenomena at the molecular level ' means that medical and biomedical research is increasingly using a bottom-up (rather than the top-down) approach.One of the biggest challenges researchers face when developing a new drug is how to maximise its solubility in the body. Poor solubility in water correlates with poor bioavailability, which in turn leads to poor delivery. Nanocrystals are ground in special mills producing nano-sized drugs, which are applicable intravenously as nanosuspensions. This procedure enhances the surface/volume-ratio and thus the solubility and bioavailability of most insoluble pharmaceuticals.The low bioavailability resulting from traditional oral and intravenous drug delivery methods and the market forces at work in the pharmaceutical industry ' where patents expire after a relatively short period of time unless a novel form of drug delivery is developed that will extend the patent ' are two major forces that will fuel the growth of the nano tech enabled drug delivery market.The healthcare market is changing. We are seeing a paradigm shift away from blockbusters and a 'one-size fits all' approach to a more personalised medicine based on an individual's unique genome and immune response. The more scientists learn about the molecular causes for disease the more targeted and effective nanotechnology-enabled drug delivery therapies will become.

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Nanotechnology for Drug Delivery: Global Market for Nanocrystals
Published on February 2012
Report Summary
Nanocrystals will account for 60% of a $136 billion nanotechnology-enabled drug delivery market by 2021. We forecast the total
market size in 2021 to be US$136 billion, with a 60/40 split between nanocrystals and nanocarriers respectively.
Since we now understand that most (if not all) biological processes occur at the nanoscale, the application of life science principles '
studying the causes of biological phenomena at the molecular level ' means that medical and biomedical research is increasingly
using a bottom-up (rather than the top-down) approach.
One of the biggest challenges researchers face when developing a new drug is how to maximise its solubility in the body. Poor
solubility in water correlates with poor bioavailability, which in turn leads to poor delivery. Nanocrystals are ground in special mills
producing nano-sized drugs, which are applicable intravenously as nanosuspensions. This procedure enhances the
surface/volume-ratio and thus the solubility and bioavailability of most insoluble pharmaceuticals.
The low bioavailability resulting from traditional oral and intravenous drug delivery methods and the market forces at work in the
pharmaceutical industry ' where patents expire after a relatively short period of time unless a novel form of drug delivery is developed
that will extend the patent ' are two major forces that will fuel the growth of the nano tech enabled drug delivery market.
The healthcare market is changing. We are seeing a paradigm shift away from blockbusters and a 'one-size fits all' approach to a
more personalised medicine based on an individual's unique genome and immune response. The more scientists learn about the
molecular causes for disease the more targeted and effective nanotechnology-enabled drug delivery therapies will become.
Table of Content
Table of Contents
Table of Exhibits 6
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 10
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION 15
REPORT SCOPE 15
METHODOLOGY 15
Procurement 16
Calculation of CAGR 16
THE NANOSCALE 18
Two biological examples that illustrate nanoscale: 18
CHAPTER 2 ' NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICINE 20
OVERVIEW OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICINE 20
Why is Nanotechnology A Critical Application for Medicine and Biomedicine' 20
Why Nanotechnology Is Needed for Medicine and Biomedicine 22
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WHAT ARE THE KEY DRIVERS FOR ADOPTION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND
BIOMEDICINE' 25
The Aim Of Drug Targeting 25
Rapid Market Growth 26
Market Drivers For Enhanced Drug Delivery 26
Increasing Proportion of The Ageing Population 27
Demand For More Affordable Health Care 29
Public Health ' Ending disease 29
Demand for More Innovation 29
Social responsibility 29
THE KEY APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICINE 30
How Nanotechnology Can Benefit Drug Delivery 31
Nanotechnology in Medical and Biomedical Diagnostics 32
Nanotechnology in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering 32
Other Applications For Nanomaterials In The Medical And Pharmaceutical Sector 32
PROMISING EXAMPLES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY ENABLED DRUG DELIVERY 33
Case Study 1 ' Magnetic Field Acts as "Remote Control" to Deliver Nanomedicine 33
Case Study 2 - Adaptive Micro and Nanoparticles: Temporal Control Over Carrier
Properties to Facilitate Drug Delivery 34
Case Study 3 ' Fabrication of a Nanocarrier System Through Self-Assembly of Plasma
Protein And Its Tumour Targeting 37
Case Study 4 ' IBM And The Institute of Bioengineering And Nanotechnology Find
Breakthrough For MRSA 37
CHAPTER 3 ' RISK & REGULATION 41
THREE KEY BARRIERS TO THE ADOPTION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE AND
BIOMEDICINE 41
Nanotoxicity, Nanopollution and Nanosafety 41
Ethical Considerations Of Nanotherapies 43
Delayed Nanoregulation 44
FIVE CURRENT & FUTURE CHALLENGES IN THE ADOPTION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN
MEDICINE AND BIOMEDICINE 46
Current & Future Challenges of Nanosafety And Risk Management 46
Current & Future Challenges of Nanoregulation 49
Current & Future Challenges for the Nanomedicine Industry 51
Current & Future Challenges of Sustained Innovation 52
Current & Future Challenges of Cooperation 52
CHAPTER 4 ' MARKET FOR NANOCRYSTALS 55
GLOBAL NDD MARKET ANALYSIS: 2000-2010 55
GLOBAL NDD MARKET FORECAST: 2011-2021 58
DISCUSSION OF NANOPARTICLES AND NANOCRYSTALS 61
Overview of The Key Nanotechnologies Used in Drug Delivery Sorted by Applications 61
Nanopharmaceuticals 61
Nanotechnology In Drug Delivery 61
Nanobiotechnology In Drug Delivery 62
Analytical Techniques For Nanoparticle Drug Delivery 63
Properties 63
Production of Nanoparticles 63
Measuring Dispersion of Nanoparticles 64
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Characterisation of Delivery Systems 65
What Can Nanoparticles do in Drug Delivery' 66
Drug Nanocrystals: Nanosizing The Drugs 67
Clinically Approved Nanocrystals-Based Drug Formulations With Presence on The Market
Production methods 70
Projected Product Pipeline For Nanocrystals-Based Drug Formulations In Drug Delivery
Market 70
Semapimod® (cytokine, pharmasciences) 72
Paxceed' 72
Theralux' 73
Nucryst® 73
iSPERSE' 74
ANALYSIS OF TAM FOR NANOCRYSTALS: 2000-2010 76
TAM FORECAST FOR NANOCRYSTALS: 2011-2021 81
APPENDIX 88
PUBLISHING ACTIVITY BY ORGANIZATION (2000-2010) 88
Table of Exhibits
Exhibit 1.1
Formula for the calculation of the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR), (top).
Formula for the calculation of the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) in this report, for the 2011-2021
period, (bottom) [2].
Exhibit 1.2
Formula for the verification of the calculated values of the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR), (top).
Formula for the verification of the calculated values of the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) in this
report, for the 2011-2021 period, (bottom) [2].
Exhibit 1.3
Nanometers in a meter (top). Meters in a nanometer (bottom).
Exhibit 2.1
Illustration of the fact that the periodic table of elements, as we know it (at meter scale) governed by classic
Newtonian laws of physics. However, when perceived at nanoscale, those elements are governed by the laws
of quantum physics.
Exhibit 2.2
Proportion of the population aged over 65 and over 80 [7].
Exhibit 2.3
Illustration of a diagram of each property of nanocarriers (size, shape, surface chemistry and mechanical
properties) and their parameters subjected to optimization in order to improve their efficiency [10].
Exhibit 3.1
Specified expected barriers in the development of particular types of nanoparticles (Courtesy of
CienNanoroadmap Synthesis Report), [6].
Exhibit 3.2
Illustration of the measures adoption roadmap to combat/attenuate the key barriers to the adoption of
nanotechnology in medicine and biomedicine (Source: Cientifica, Ltd.).
Exhibit 3.3
Table representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM (2000-2010), for nanotechnology in drug delivery,
without segmentation, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 3.4
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Line chart representing Total Addressable Market, TAM (2000-2010), for nanotechnology in drug delivery,
without segmentation, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 3.5
Bar chart representing Total Addressable Market, TAM (2000-2010), for nanotechnology in drug delivery,
without segmentation, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 3.6
Table representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast by 2021 (for the 2011-2021 period), for
nanotechnology in drug delivery, without segmentation, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 3.7
Line chart representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast by 2021 (for the 2011-2021 period), for
nanotechnology in drug delivery, without segmentation, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 3.8
Bar chart representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast by 2021 (for the 2011-2021 period), for
nanotechnology in drug delivery, without segmentation, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 4.1
Typical Image of Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles [1].
Exhibit 4.26
Table representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast by 2021 (for the 2011-2021 period), for
nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 4.4
Advantages and disadvantages of different methods for the production of drug nanocrystals [6].
Exhibit 4.67
Table representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast by 2021 (for the 2011-2021 period), for
nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 4.7
Representative examples of clinically approved nanocrystals-based drug formulations with presence on the
market [6]
Exhibit 4.37
3-D pie chart representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM in 2010, for nanotechnology in drug delivery,
nanocarriers versus drug nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all figures in percentage).
Exhibit 4.38
Line chart representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM (2000-2010), for nanotechnology in drug
delivery, nanocarriers versus drug nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 4.39
3-D stacked vertical bar graph representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM (2000-2010) , for
nanotechnology in drug delivery, nanocarriers versus drug nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all figures US$
Million Dollars).
Exhibit 4.40
3-D stacked area chart representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM (2000-2010) , for nanotechnology in
drug delivery, nanocarriers versus drug nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 4.45
In vivo effects of nanocrystals-based drug formulations [6].
Exhibit 4.78
3-D pie chart representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast in 2021, for nanotechnology in drug
delivery, nanocarriers versus drug nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all figures in percentage).
Exhibit 4.79
Horizontal bar graph representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast in 2021, for nanotechnology
in drug delivery, nanocarriers versus drug nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
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Exhibit 4.80
Line chart representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast by 2021 (for the 2011-2021 period), for
nanotechnology in drug delivery, nanocarriers versus drug nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all figures US$
Million Dollars).
3-D stacked vertical bar graph representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast by 2021 (for the
2011-2021 period), for nanotechnology in drug delivery, nanocarriers versus drug nanocrystals, source:
Cientifica (all figures US$ Million Dollars).
Exhibit 4.82
3-D stacked area chart representing the Total Addressable Market, TAM forecast by 2021 (for the 2011-2021
period), for nanotechnology in drug delivery, nanocarriers versus drug nanocrystals, source: Cientifica (all
figures US$ Million Dollars).
Appendix
Exhibit A.1
Table of the top 20 organizations showing the highest publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010),
based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery. World Region: North America; country: USA.
Organizations are ordered first by descending order of total articles published and then ordered alphabetically
(increasing order), if applicable.
Exhibit A.2
Table of the top 20 organizations showing the highest publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010),
based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery. World Region: European Union; country:
Germany.
Organizations are ordered first by descending order of total articles published and then ordered alphabetically
(increasing order), if applicable.
Exhibit A.3
Table of the top 20 organizations showing the highest publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010),
based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery. World Region: European Union; country: France.
Organizations are ordered first by descending order of total articles published and then ordered alphabetically
(increasing order), if applicable.
Exhibit A.4
Table of the top 20 organizations showing the highest publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010),
based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery. World Region: European Union; country: UK.
Organizations are ordered first by descending order of total articles published and then ordered alphabetically
(increasing order), if applicable.
Exhibit A.5
Table of publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010), based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in
Drug Delivery. Country: Russian Federation.
Organizations are ordered alphabetically (increasing order).
Exhibit A.6
Table of the top 20 organizations showing the highest publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010),
based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery. World Region: Asia; country: India.
Organizations are ordered first by descending order of total articles published and then ordered alphabetically
(increasing order), if applicable.
Exhibit A.7
Table of the top 20 organizations showing the highest publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010),
based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery. World Region: Asia; country: India.
Organizations are ordered first by descending order of total articles published and then ordered alphabetically
(increasing order), if applicable.
Exhibit A.8
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Table of the top 20 organizations showing the highest publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010),
based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery. World Region: Asia; country: Japan.
Científica
Table of the top 20 organizations showing the highest publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010),
based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery. World Region: Asia; country: P R China.
Organizations are ordered first by descending order of total articles published and then ordered alphabetically
(increasing order), if applicable.
Exhibit A.10
Table of the top 20 organizations showing the highest publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010),
based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery. World Region: Asia; country: South Korea
(Republic of Korea).
Organizations are ordered first by descending order of total articles published and then ordered alphabetically
(increasing order), if applicable.
Exhibit A.11
Table of publishing activity in PubMed periodicals (2000-2010), based on PubMed, for Nanotechnology in
Drug Delivery. Asia; country: Taiwan.
Organizations are ordered first by descending order of total articles published and then ordered alphabetically
(increasing order), if applicable.
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