Hypertension: Treatments and Prescribing Practices - A Global Survey

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Hypertension: Treatments and Prescribing Practices - A Global
Survey
Published on November 2009

Report Summary

This report presents the findings of a global survey on current treatments and prescribing practices for Hypertension. These findings
were made following the participation of more than 280 clinics worldwide, which provided detailed information of their treatment
practices.

Today, approximately 1 billion people worldwide have high blood pressure, a figure expected to increase to 1.5 billion by 2025,
affecting 1 in 3 adults over the age of 20 (Lancet. 2005;365:217-223). Hypertension is commonly seen in developing as well as
developed countries and, where it remains untreated, presents a major risk factor for heart attack, stroke, kidney failure and other
cardiovascular diseases.

In a field where therapies are often unsatisfactory, physicians seek to extent their understanding and use of available treatments to
improve patient outcomes. Knowledge in these areas is also important to drug developers, who seek a better understanding of
prescribing practices and treatment needs and limitations from the clinician's perspective, as part of their own efforts to develop more
effective therapies. To meet interest in these areas, Biopharm Reports has conducted a global survey on current treatments and drug
prescribing practices for Hypertension. This survey involved the participation of more than 280 clinical centres in 50 countries. In
addition to drugs directly used to treat Hypertension (e.g. Diuretics, Calcium Channel Blockers), other drugs commonly prescribed to
hypertensive patients (e.g. Statins), were also surveyed. See Clinical Survey, below.

Overview

* A global study of treatments and drug prescribing practices for Hypertension
* The participation of more than 280 physicians in 51 countries.
* Leading participant countries were the USA, Italy, Greece, Argentina Canada, China and Spain
* 98% of study participants are practicing physicians and 71% are specialists in Hypertension treatment
* Of the participating organisations, 32% were hospital specialist hypertension departments, 18% were hospital general
departments, 18% were specialist hypertension practices, 6% were private hypertension clinics and 3% were general practices.
Others participants were specialised in areas such as cardiology and nephrology.
* The diagnosis of eight Hypertension sub-types
* Single or multiple drugs used to treat hypertension
* Treatments and prescribing practices for 9 different drugs classes used to treat Hypertension
* Diuretics: prescribing practices covering 16 different drugs
* Beta Blockers and Alpha Blockers: prescribing practices covering 23 different drugs
* Adrenergic Receptor Agonists: prescribing practices covering 4 different drugs.
* Calcium channel blockers: prescribing practices covering 14 different drugs.
* ACE Inhibitors: prescribing practices covering 12 different drugs.
* Angiotension II Receptor Antagonists: prescribing practices covering 7 different drugs.
* Statins: prescribing practices covering 6 different drugs
* Aldosterone antagonists: prescribing practices covering 2 different drugs.
* Drug combinations: prescribing practices involving the combined use of 9 different drug classes in the treatment of hypertension.
* Combined drug formulations: Prescribing practices based on the use of 20 different combined drug formulations in the treatment

Hypertension: Treatments and Prescribing Practices - A Global Survey Page 1/10


of hypertension
* Issues and challenges in the treatment of Hypertension: clinician's perspective

Clinical Survey

* Organisation. Hospital General Department, Hospital Specialist Hypertension Department, Specialist Hypertension Practice,
Private Hypertension Clinic, General Practice or other (specified).
* Physicians. Specialist physician in Hypertension treatment, General physician or other (specified).
* Hypertension Diagnosis: Estimated percentage of patients with normal blood pressure or diagnosed with Prehypertension, Stage
1 Hypertension, Stage 2 Hypertension, Isolated Systolic Hypertension, Resistant Hypertension, Drug-induced Hypertension,
Pregnancy-related Hypertension, Exercise-related Hypertension or other secondary Hypertension (specified).
* Single or Multiple Drugs. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed a single drug, two or more different drug classes taken
together (e.g. two different tablets), combined drug formulations (two or more different drugs in one formulation) or other (specified).
* Drug Classes. Estimated percentage of patients who are prescribed Diuretics, Beta Blockers (adrenergic receptor antagonists),
Alpha Blockers (adrenergic receptor antagonists), Adrenergic Receptor Agonists, Calcium Channel Blockers, ACE Inhibitors,
Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists, Statins, Aldosterone Antagonists, Centrally Acting Antihypertensives, Vasodilators or other
(specified).
* Diuretics. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed ethacrynic acid (Edecrin®, loop diuretic), torsemide (Demadex®, loop
diuretic), furosemide (Lasix®, loop diuretic), bumetanide (Bumex®, loop diuretic), epitizide (epitizide®, thiazide diuretic),
bendroflumethiazide (Aprinox®; Neo-NaClex®, thiazide diuretic), metolazone (Mykrox®, Zaroxolyn®, thiazide-like diuretic),
hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix®, HydroDIURIL®, thiazide diuretic), indapamide (Lozol®, thiazide-like diuretic), chlorthalidone
(Hygroton®, thiazide-like diuretic), chlorothiazide (Diuril®, thiazide-like diuretic), amiloride (Midamor®, Amilamont®,
potassium-sparing diuretic), spironolactone (Aldactone®, potassium-sparing diuretic), triamterene (Dyrenium®,potassium-sparing
diuretic), triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) (Maxzide®, Dyazide®, combined diuretic formulation), furosemide/spironolactone
(e.g. Osyrol-Lasix®) or other (specified).
* Beta Blockers and Alpha Blockers. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed the following Beta Blockers or Alpha Blockers, for
the treatment of Hypertension: atenolol (e.g. Tenormin®, Tenormine®, Prenormine®, Atenol®, beta blocker), metoprolol (e.g.
Betaloc-SA®, Lopresor®, Lopresor SR®, beta blocker), nadolol (e.g. Corgard®, beta blocker), Nebivolol (Nebilet®, beta blocker),
oxprenolol (e.g. Slow-Trasicor®; Trasicor®, beta blocker), pindolol (e.g. Visken®, Betapindol®, Calvisken®, Decreten®, beta blocker),
propranolol, (e.g. Inderal®, Inderal LA®, Beta-Prograne®, beta blocker), carvedilol (Coreg®, beta blocker), bisoprolol (e.g.
Cardicor®,Concor®) timolol (e.g. Blocadren®, beta blocker), ebivolol (e.g. Nebilet®), acebutolol (e.g. Sectral®, beta blocker),
betaxolol (e.g. Kerlone®, beta blocker), carteolol (e.g. Cartrol®, beta blocker), penbutolol (e.g. Levatol®, beta blocker), doxazosin
(e.g. Cardura®,Carduran®, alpha blocker), phentolamine (e.g Regitine®, alpha blocker), indoramin (e.g. Doralese®, alpha blocker),
phenoxybenzamine (e.g. Dibenzyline®, alpha blocker), prazosin(e.g. Hypovase®, alpha blocker), terazosin (e.g Hytrin®, Hytrin
BPH®, alpha blocker), carvedilol (e.g. Coreg®, mixed alpha and beta blocker), labetalol (e.g. Normodyne®, Trandate®, mixed alpha
and beta blocker) or other (specified).
* Adrenergic Receptor Agonist. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed the following adrenergic receptor agonists, for the
treatment of Hypertension: Options: clonidine (e.g. Catapres®, Catapres-TTS-1®, Catapres-TTS-2®, Duraclon®), methyldopa (e.g.
Aldomet®, Apo-Methyldopa®, Dopamet®, Novomedopa®), rilmenidine (e.g. Hyperium®), guanfacine (e.g. Tenex®), other. If other,
please specify.
* Calcium Channel Blockers. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed the following calcium channel blockers, for the treatment
of ypertension: Options: nimodipine (e.g. Nimotop®), diltiazem (e.g. Cardizem®, Dilacor®), amlodipine (e.g. Norvasc®), felodipine
(e.g. Plendil®), isradipine (e.g. DynaCirc®), verapamil (e.g. Calan®, Isoptin®, Verelan®), manidipine (e.g. Iperten®), nisoldipine (e.g.
Sular®), nicardipine (e.g. Cardene®), nifedipine (e.g. Adalat®, Procardia®), lercanidipine (e.g. Zanidip®) lacidipine (e.g.
Lacipil®,Motens®), nitrendipine (e.g. Nitrepin®), Clevidipine (e.g. Cleviprex®) or other (specified).
* ACE Inhibitors. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed ACE inhibitors, for the treatment of Hypertension: Options: captopril
(e.g. Capoten®), enalapril (e.g. Vasotec®), quinapril (e.g. Accupril®), benazepril (e.g. Lotensin®), cilazapril (e.g. Vascace®),
ramipril (e.g. Altace®), perindopril (e.g. Aceon®) lisinopril (e.g. Prinivil®, Zestril®), fosinopril (e.g. Staril®), trandolapril (e.g Gopten®),
imidapril (e.g. Tanatril®), moexipril (e.g. Univasc®) or others (specified).
* Angiotension II Receptor Antagonists. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed the following angiotensin II receptor



antagonists, for the treatment of Hypertension: losartan (e.g. Cozaar®, Hyzaar®), olmesartan (e.g. Benicar®), candesartan (e.g.
Atacand®), telmisartan (e.g. Micardis®), eprosartan (e.g. Teveten®), irbesartan (e.g. Avapro®), valsartan (e.g. Diovan®) or others
(specified).
* Statins. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed statins, for the treatment of Hypertension: Options: atorvastatin
(e.g.Lipitor®), fluvastatin (e.g.Lescol®), lovastatin (e.g.Mevacor®), pravastatin (e.g.Pravachol®), simvastatin (e.g. Zocor®),
rosuvastatin e.g.Crestor®) or others (specified).
* Aldosterone Antagonists. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed the following aldosterone antagonists, for the treatment of
Hypertension: Options: eplerenone (e.g.Inspra®), spironolactone (e.g. Aldactone®, Verospiron®) or others (specified)
* Centrally Acting Antihypertensive Drugs. Estimated percentage of your patients who are prescribed the following centrally acting
drugs, for the treatment of Hypertension: Options: clonidine (e.g.Catapres®), guanfacine (e.g.Tenex®), Guanabenz (e.g.Wytensin®),
methyldopa (e.g.Aldomet®), rilmenidine (Hyperium®), moxonidine (Physiotens®) or others (specified).
* Other drugs. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed the following centrally acting drugs, for the treatment of Hypertension:
clonidine (e.g.Catapres®), guanfacine (e.g.Tenex®), Guanabenz (e.g.Wytensin®), methyldopa (e.g.Aldomet®), rilmenidine
(Hyperium®), moxonidine (Physiotens®) or others (specified).
* Drug Combinations. 1st, 2nd and 3rd most frequently used combinations of individual drugs classes used for the treatment of
Hypertension (i.e where two or more different drugs (e.g. two different tablets) are prescribed for use by the patient at the same time).
Drugs classes considered include Diuretics, Beta blockers, Alpha blockers, Adrenergic receptor agonists, Calcium channel blockers,
ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, Statins, Aldosterone antagonists or others (specified).
* Combined Drug Formulations. Estimated percentage of patients prescribed co-formulated or combined drugs for the treatment of
Hypertension including the options clonidine hydrochloride/chlorthalidone (e.g. Clorpres®), captopril/ hydrochlorothiazide tablets (e.g.
Capozide®), spironolactone/hydrochlorothiazide (e.g. Aldactazide®), triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide (e.g. Dyazide®),
valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide (e.g. Diovan HCT®), amlodipine/atorvastatin (e.g. Caduet®), telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
(e.g. Micardis HCT®), irbersartan/hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) (e.g. Avalide®,CoAprovel®), trandolapril/verapamil (e.g Tarka®),
enalapril/hydrochlorothiazid (e.g. Vaseretic®), amlodipine/valsartan (e.g. Exforge®), olmesartan/amlodipine (e.g. Azor®),
aliskiren/hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ))(e.g. Tekturna HCT®), amlodipine/benazepril (e.g. Lotrel®), Olmesartan Medoxomil /
Hydrochlorothiazide (e.g. Benicar HCT), losartan/hydrochlorothiazide (e.g. Hyzaar®), perindopril/amlodipine, delapril/manidipine,
lercanidipine/enalapril, lisinopril/amlodipine or others (specified).
* Challenges and Issues in the treatment of Hypertension: clinician's perspective

Table of Content

Report Contents

1. Introduction 5
2. Hypertension Therapy Survey 7
3. Survey Participants 14
4. Diagnosis (Sub-Types) 26
5. Single or Multiple Drugs 38
6. Drug Classes 43
7. Diuretics 57
8. Beta and Alpha Blockers 71
9. Adrenergic Receptor Agonists 87
10. Calcium Channel Blockers 95
11. ACE Inhibitors 106
12. Angiotension II Receptor Antagonists 116
13. Statins 123
14. Aldosterone Antagonists 130
15. Centrally Acting Drugs 135



16. Other Drugs 142
17. Drug Combinations 147
18. Combined Drug Formulations 158
19. Study Participants 172
Appendix 1 182

Figures

Figure 3.1 Participant Countries
Figure 3.2 Participating Clinics
Figure 3.3 Participating physicians
Figure 4.1 Mean percentage of patients diagnosed with different Hypertension subtypes
Figure 4.2 Percentage of patients with normal blood pressure
Figure 4.3 Percentage of patients with PreHypertension
Figure 4.4 Percentage of patients with Stage 1 Hypertension
Figure 4.5 Percentage of patients with Stage 2 Hypertension
Figure 4.6 Percentage of patients with Isolated Systolic Hypertension
Figure 4.7 Percentage of patients with Resistant Hypertension
Figure 4.8 Percentage of patients with Drug-Induced Hypertension
Figure 4.9 Percentage of patients with Pregnancy-Related Hypertension
Figure 4.10 Percentage of patients with Exercise-Related Hypertension
Figure 4.11 Percentage of patients with Other Secondary Hypertension
Figure 4.12 Other types of secondary Hypertension reported in this study
Figure 5.1 Percentage of patients receiving a single drug
Figure 5.2 Percentage of patients receiving two or more drugs
Figure 5.3 Percentage of patients receiving combined drug formulations
Figure 5.4 Percentage of patients receiving other drug treatments
Figure 5.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving single or multiple drugs
Figure 6.1 Mean percentage of patients prescribed different drug classes for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 6.2 Percentage of patients who receive Diuretics for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.3 Percentage of patients who receive Beta Blockers for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.4 Percentage of patients who receive Alpha Blockers for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.5 Percentage of patients receiving who receive Adrenergic Receptor Agonists for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.6 Percentage of patients who receive Calcium Channel Blockers for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.7 Percentage of patients who receive ACE Inhibitors for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.8 Percentage of patients who receive Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.9 Percentage of patients who receive Statins for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.10 Percentage of patients who receive Aldosterone Antagonists for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.11 Percentage of patients who receive Centrally Acting Drugs for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.12 Percentage of patients who receive Vasodilators for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 6.13 Percentage of patients who receive other drugs for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.1 Mean percentage of patients prescribed different diuretics for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.2 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic ethacrynic acid for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.3 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic torsemide for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.4 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic furosemide for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.5 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic bumetanide for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.6 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic epitizide for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.7 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic bendroflumethiazide for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.8 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic metolazone for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.9 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of Hypertension



Figure 7.10 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic indapamide for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.11 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic chlorthalidone for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.12 Percentage of patients prescribed the diuretic chlorothiazide for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.13 Percentage of patients who receive The diuretic amiloride for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.14 Percentage of patients who receive The diuretic spironolactone for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.15 The percentage of patients who receive The diuretic triamterene for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.16 Percentage of patients who receive the diuretic triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.17 Percentage of patients who receive the diuretic furosemide/spironolactone for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 7.18 Percentage of patients who receive other diuretic drugs for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving the top nine beta or alpha blockers for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 8.2 Percentage of patients who receive atenolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.3 Percentage of patients who receive metoprolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.5 Percentage of patients who receive nadolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.5 Percentage of patients who receive nebivolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.6 Percentage of patients who receive oxprenolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.7 Percentage of patients who receive pindolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.8 Percentage of patients who receive propranolol the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.9 Percentage of patients who receive carvedilol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.10 Percentage of patients who receive bisoprolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.11Percentage of patients who receive timolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.12 Percentage of patients who receive ebivolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.13 Percentage of patients who receive acebutalol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.14 Percentage of patients who receive betoxolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.15 Percentage of patients who receive carteolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.16 Percentage of patients who receive penbutolol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.17 Percentage of patients who receive doxazosin for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.18 Percentage of patients who receive phentolamine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.19 Percentage of patients who receive indoramin for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.20 Percentage of patients who receive phenoxybenzamine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.21 Percentage of patients who receive prazosin for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.22 Percentage of patients who receive terazosin for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.23 Percentage of patients who receive labelalol for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 8.24 Percentage of patients who receive other drugs for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 9.1 Percentage of patients receiving adrenergic receptor agonists for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 9.2 Percentage of patients who receive the adrenergic receptor agonist drug clonidine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 9.3 Percentage of patients who receive the adrenergic receptor agonist drug methyldopa for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 9.4 Percentage of patients who receive the adrenergic receptor agonist drug rilmenidine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 9.5 Percentage of patients who receive the adrenergic receptor agonist drug guanfacine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 9.6 Percentage of patients who receive other adrenergic receptor agonists drugs for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving calcium channel blockers for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 10.2 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker nimodipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.3 The percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker diltiazem for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.4 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker amlodipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.5 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker felodipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.6 The percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker isradipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.7 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker verapamil for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.8 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker manidipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.9 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker nisoldipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.10 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker nicardipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.11 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker nifedipine for the treatment of Hypertension



Figure 10.12 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker lercanidipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.13 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker lacidipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.14 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker nitrendipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.15 Percentage of patients who receive the calcium channel blocker clevidipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 10.16 Percentage of patients who receive other calcium channel blocker drugs for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving ACE inhibitors for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 11.2 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor captopril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.3 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor enalapril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.4 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor quinapril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.5 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor benzapril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.6 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor cilazapril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.7 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor ramipril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.8 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor perindopril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.9 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor lisinopril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.10 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor fosinopril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.11 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor trandolapril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.12 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor imidapril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.13 Percentage of patients who receive the ACE inhibitor moexipril for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 11.14 Percentage of patients who receive other ACE inhibitors for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 12.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving Angiotension II receptor Antagonists for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 12.2 Percentage of patients who receive the angiotension II receptor antagonist losartan for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 12.3 Percentage of patients who receive the angiotension II receptor antagonist olmesartan for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 12.4 Percentage of patients who receive the angiotension II receptor antagonist candesartan for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 12.5 Percentage of patients who receive the angiotension II receptor antagonist telmisartan for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 12.6 Percentage of patients who receive the angiotension II receptor antagonist eprosartan for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 12.7 Percentage of patients who receive the angiotension II receptor antagonist irbesartan for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 12.8 Percentage of patients who receive the angiotension II receptor antagonist valsartan for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 12.9 Percentage of patients who receive other angiotension II receptor antagonists for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 13.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving statins for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 13.2 Percentage of patients who receive the statin drug atorvastatin of Hypertension
Figure 13.3 Percentage of patients who receive the statin drug fluvaststin for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 13.4 Percentage of patients who receive the statin drug lovastatin for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 13.5 Percentage of patients who receive the statin drug pravastatin for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 13.6 Percentage of patients who receive the statin drug simvastatin for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 13.7 Percentage of patients who receive the statin drug rosuvastatin for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 13.8 Percentage of patients who receive other statin drugs for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 14.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving aldosterone antagonists for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 14.2 Percentage of patients who receive the aldosterone antagonist drug eplerenone for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 14.3 Percentage of patients who receive the aldosterone antagonist drug spironolactone for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 14.4 Percentage of patients who receive other aldosterone antagonist drugs for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 15.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving centrally acting drugs for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 15.2 Percentage of patients who receive the centrally acting drug clonidine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 15.3 Percentage of patients who receive the centrally acting drug guanfacine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 15.4 Percentage of patients who receive the centrally acting drug guanabenz for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 15.5 Percentage of patients who receive the centrally acting drug methyldopa for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 15.6 Percentage of patients who receive the centrally acting drug rilmenidine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 15.7 Percentage of patients who receive the centrally acting drug moxonidine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 15.8 Percentage of patients who receive other centrally acting drugs for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 16.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving the drug reserpine for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 16.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving the drug aliskiren for the treatment of Hypertension.



Figure 16.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving the drug rilmenidine for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 16.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving the drug sodium nitroprusside for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 16.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving the drug guanethidine for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 17.1 Most frequently prescribed drug combinations for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 17.2 Second most frequently prescribed drug combinations for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 17.3 Third most frequently prescribed drug combinations for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.1 Mean percentage of patients prescribed different combined drug formulations for the treatment of Hypertension.
Figure 18.2 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation clonidine/chlorthalidone for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.3 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation captopril/HCTZ for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.4 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation spironolactone/HCTZ for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.5 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation triamterene/HCTZ for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.6 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation valsartan/HCTZ for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.7 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation amlodipine/atorvastatin for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.8 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation telmisartan/HCTZ for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.9 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation irbersartan/HCTZ for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.10 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation trandolapril/verapamil for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.11 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation
enalapril/HCTZ for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.12 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation amlodipine/valsartan for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.13 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation olmesartan/amlodipine for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.14 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation aliskiren/HCTZ for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.15 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation amlodipine/benazepril for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.16 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation Olmesartan Medoxomil/HCTZ for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.17 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation losartan/HCTZ for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.18 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation perindopril/amlodipine for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.19 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation delapril/manidipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.20 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation lercanidipine/enalapril for the treatment of
Hypertension
Figure 18.21 Percentage of patients who receive the combined drug formulation lisinopril/amlodipine for the treatment of Hypertension
Figure 18.22 Percentage of patients who receive other combined drug Formulations for the treatment of Hypertension

Tables

Table 3.1 Participant Countries
Table 4.1 Mean percentage of patients diagnosed with different Hypertension subtypes
Table 4.2 Other types of secondary Hypertension reported in this study
Table 6.1 Mean percentage of patients prescribed different drug classes for the treatment of Hypertension.
Table 7.1 Mean percentage of patients prescribed different diuretics for the treatment of
Table 8.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving the top nine beta or alpha blockers for the treatment of Hypertension.
Table 9.1 Percentage of patients receiving adrenergic receptor agonists for the treatment of Hypertension.
Table 10.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving calcium channel blockers for the treatment of Hypertension.



Table 11.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving ACE inhibitors for the treatment of Hypertension.
Table 12.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving Angiotension II receptor Antagonists for the
Table 13.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving statins for the treatment of Hypertension.
Table 15.1 Mean percentage of patients receiving centrally acting drugs for the treatment of Hypertension.
Table 17.1 Most frequently prescribed drug combinations for the treatment of Hypertension.
Table 17.2 Second most frequently prescribed drug combinations for the treatment of Hypertension
Table 17.3 Third most frequently prescribed drug combinations for the treatment of Hypertension.
Table 18.1 Mean percentage of patients prescribed different combined drug formulations for the treatment of Hypertension.
Table 19.1 Study participants

Appendix 1. Responses provided by study participants to the question: What are the major issues and challenges associated with the
treatment of Hypertension' Responses given by physicians to this question (which in some cases may be brief, informal or
abbreviated) are presented verbatim, except in those some cases where minor grammatical or typographical corrections have been
made for reasons of clarity.



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Hypertension: Treatments and Prescribing Practices - A Global Survey