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The Art & Architecture Thesaurus as a LOD standard
1. 28 Februari 2014
The Art & Architecture
Thesaurus
as a LOD standard
This presentation contains information from Art
& Architecture Thesaurus (AAT)® which is made
available under the ODC Attribution License
drs. R.G.P. Weda
Dutch AAT
RKD (Netherlands Institute for Art History)
2. Content
Introduction
The RKD
RKD vocabularies
The Getty Vocabularies in LOD
Structure and content of the AAT
The AAT web service / SPARQL-endpoint
Discussion
12. AAT: Art & Architecture Thesaurus
ULAN: Union List of Artists Names
TGN: Thesaurus of Geographic Names
CONA: Cultural Object Name Authority
Getty vocabularies
They are all constructed as thesauri
13. CONA: Eiffel tower
ID: 700000116 Record Type: Built Work
Titles: Eiffel Tower (preferred,C,U,English-P,U,U)
Tour Eiffel (C,U,French,U,U)
Three-Hundred-Metre Tower
(H,U,undetermined,U,U)
Work Types: watchtower [300134522] (preferred) (AAT)
Creator Display:
architect Eiffel, Gustave (French architect and engineer,
1832-1923) [500000800] (ULAN)
Locations: Paris [7008038] V (TGN)
Display Materials:
structural iron [300011010] (AAT)
wrought iron (iron alloy) [300011012] (AAT)
exposed frame construction [300310589] (AAT)
14. Definition of thesaurus
• A semantic network of unique concepts
• Thesauri may be monolingual or multilingual
• Thesauri may have the following three relationships:
• Equivalence Relationships
• Hierarchical Relationships
• Associative Relationships
15. Why still the need for Controlled vocabs?
1. Synonyms
• ‘salinity’ and ‘saltiness’
• ‘VHS’ and ‘Very High Frequency’
2. Homonyms
Mercury (planet)
Mercury (metal)
Mercury (automobile)
Mercury (mythical being)
The purpose is fiveways
1. For translation
2. For consistency
3. For indication of relationships
4. For labeling and browsing
5. For information retrieval
16. Developed since 1980
36.000 concepts, and 255.000 terms
Generic concepts for describing objects and images
No names of persons and unique events
‘Cathedal’ yes, but not ‘Chartres cathedral’ (CONA)
Strict editorial control, validation by sources
Thesaurus construction follows ISO standard
Multi-linguality
international scope
17. Structure of the AAT
AAT is organized for general use
FAQ: why aren't terms organised like I expect them to be. Why aren’t
communion cups and chalices narrower terms to church plate?
Communion cups
BT: drinking vessels BT: liturgical vessels
The AAT's organization stresses function and form over the context in
which an object is used
The AAT links concepts to an alternate parent using polyhierarchical
relationships
20. Thesaurus relations: Associative Relationship
Example for "watercolors" paintings
Relationship Type: 2212 produced by
Related Concept: watercolor brushes (<artists' brushes by function>,
artists' brushes, ... Furnishings and Equipment)
Relationship Type: 2501 made of/require
Related Concept: watercolor (water-base paint, <paint by composition
or origin>, ... Materials)
Relationship Type: 2325 created by
Related Concept: watercolorists (<painters by technique, implement, or
material employed>, implement, ... People)
22. Road leading to a ‘villa’
Facet: Objects
Hierarchy: Single built works
Guideterm: <residential structures>
<rural houses>
Concept: country houses
NT villa’s
Related term: dacha’s
URI Getty: http://vocab.getty.edu/resource/aat/300005517
23. Subject/object: cathedral 300007501
Creator: role: architect
Creator: name: Antonius Dijkmans
Style: Gothic Revival
Related concept: Roman Catholicism
Material: bricks, plaster, teakwood,
iron, stained glass
Architectural elements:
spires, pointed arches, pipe organs
Etc.
Jakarta Cathedral (1891- 1901)
24. The web service
• The base URI is http://vocab.getty.edu/
• SPARQL-endpoint
• Standard presentation is SKOS or SKOS-XL
• Mappings and ontology based on RDF/XML and Turtle
• Published versions of lookup lists e.g.,languages, roles,
nationalities, place types, and bibliographic sources)
ODC-By licence
This [title or report or article or dataset] contains information from Art & Architecture
Thesaurus (AAT)® which is made available under the ODC Attribution License