3. DRAWINGS
• Dimensions in U.S. Customary or S.I.
• When both are used, second system is usually shown after the first
in ( )
• Tolerances must be stated as a : + or -, maximum,
minimum, or a range
• All drawing notes must be reviewed
• List of materials usually given
9. HOLD POINTS
• Specific prearranged steps
• Inspection required
• Acceptance required
• Fabrication continued
10. INSPECTION INFORMATION
• Visual or other NDE
• Test method
• Test procedure
• Location for testing
• Extent of testing
• Acceptance/rejection criteria
• Personnel qualifications
11. CODE
“A body of laws, as of a nation, city, etc., arranged systematically for
easy reference”
12. TYPES OF CODES
• Building codes
• Electrical codes
• Plumbing codes
• Fabrication codes
13. CODES:
• Have legal status
• Use “Shall” and “Will”
• Mandatory
• Methods to determine compliance
15. STANDARD
“Something established for use as a rule or basis of comparison in
measuring or judging capacity, quantity, content, extent, value, quality,
etc.”
17. ASME CODE BY SECTIONS
• I - Const - Power Boilers
• II - Materials
• Part A - Ferrous
• Part B - Nonferrous
• Part C - Filler Metals
• Part D - Properties
• III - General Requirements
• IV - Const - Heating Boilers
• V - NDE
• VI - Operations of Power B.
• VII - Care of Power Boilers
• VIII - Unfired Pres.Vessels
• Divisions 1, 2, and 3
• IX - Welding Qualifications
• X - FRP PressureVessels
• XI - Nuclear Inspections
18. SPECIFICATION
“A detailed description of the parts of a whole: statement or
enumeration of particulars as to actual or required size, quality,
performance, terms, etc.”
42. REQUIRED SPECIMENS
Prior to qualifying a procedure:
• Determine test specimen requirements for selected Code
• Make test weldment large enough to obtain proper number and type of samples
• Consider making it large enough for an extra test specimen or two
• Maintain test weldment and specimen orientation per Code
43. PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION STEPS - 1 OF 2
• Select welding variables
• Check equipment and materials
• Monitor fitup & welding - document!
• Identify test specimens
• Test and evaluate specimens
44. PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION STEPS - 2 OF 2
• Review results for compliance
• Release approved procedure
• Qualify other welders
• Monitor production welding
46. WELDINGVARIABLES
Examples of essential variables in some codes:
• Welding position
• Joint configuration
• Electrode type and size
• Base metal type, thickness
• Welding techniques
• Use of backing
47. TYPE & POSITION LIMITATIONS
• Depends on Code used
• Refer to Code for test weldment thickness requirements and
limitations on welder qualification
• Use Module 5, Figure 5.19, as example for review
48. WELD POSITION DESIGNATION
Position Designations:
• Different for Plate and Pipe
• Different for Groove and Fillet welds
• Must know positions and designations
• See Module 5, Figures 5.20 - 5.23
49. THICKNESS RANGE QUALIFIED
• Depends on Code used
• Depends on test specimen thickness
• See Figure 5.24 for D1.1 requirements
WIT Pg. 5-1
Instructor Should Explain:
It Is Essential for the Welding Inspector to Study All Applicable Documents Before the Start of a Job.
General Information
Requirements
Specifics
Guidance
WIT Pg. 5-1
Instructor Should Explain:
These Are Documents the Inspector Needs or Should Have Access To.
WIT Pg. 5-3, Fig. 5.2
Instructor Should Explain:
Drawings Best Source for Fabrication Details:
Graphic Detail of Part
Dimensions
Tolerances
Assembly Needs
Finishing Requirements
WIT Pg. 5-1, Fig. 5.2
Instructor Should Explain:
Dimensional Data Highlighted:
Provides Sizes
Shows Placement of Parts
English or Metric
WIT Pg. 5-2, Fig. 5.2
Instructor Should Explain:
Tolerances Highlighted:
A Variation Between Limits
Design Size, Plus or Minus
Design Size, One Tolerance
Reference Fig. 5.1 Pg. 5-2
WIT Pg. 5-3
Instructor Should Explain:
Notes Block:
Graphic Detail of Part
Dimensions
Tolerances
Assembly Needs
Finishing Requirements
WIT Pg. 5-4
Instructor Should Explain:
These Should Be Shown On A Welding Procedure Specification and Referenced to the Applicable Fabrication Drawings.
WIT Pg. 5-4
Instructor Should Explain:
Some Applicable Documents May Dictate “Hold Points” During The Fabrication Process.
Hold Points Required to Avoid Case Where Subsequent Fabrication Will Cover up Previous Welds.
WIT Pg. 5-4
Instructor Should Explain:
Refer to Items
The Welding Inspector Establishes Conformance or Otherwise With Reference to Specific Criteria.
It Is Imperative That A Welding Inspector Be Able To Read A Blueprint.
WIT Pg. 5-5
Instructor Should Explain:
When Specified in a Purchase Document a Code Has Legal Status.
Emphasize need to know definition
WIT Pg. 5-5
Instructor Should Explain:
Give Students Examples of Building Codes, Such As For Structures, Homes or Dwelling, Etc.
WIT Pg. 5-5
Instructor Should:
Briefly Discuss Each Item Listed
WIT Pg. 5-5, 6
Instructor Should Explain:
API - American Petroleum Institute
ABS - American Bureau Of Shipping
DOT - Department Of Transportation
Refer Students to Table 5.1, Pg. 5-10, Standards Producing Organizations
WIT Pg. 5-5, 6
Instructor Should Explain:
Note: Student Should Know Definition
Give Some Examples of Standards - Refer to Figures 5.6, 5.7, Page 5-8.
WIT Pg. 5-7, 8 Figs. 5.4 - 5.8
Instructor Should Explain:
Standards Can Become Codes When Adopted by State or City.
These Are Photos of the Covers of Code and Standards Documents.
WIT Pg. 5-9
Instructor Should Explain:
Know Definition
Give Examples of Specifications Such As:
A5.1 - Filler Metal Specification for Covered Carbon Steel Electrodes
WIT Pg. 5-14
Instructor Should Explain:
AWS A5.1 - AWS A5.30 - Filler Metals Specifications for the several types of welding processes and metals used in welding
WIT Pg. 5-15, Fig. 5.8
Instructor Should Explain:
These Are Specifications for the Construction of the Indicated Items of Welded Equipment.
D14.1Industrial and Mill Cranes
D14.2Metal Cutting Machine Tools
D14.3Construction Equipment
D14.4Machinery and Equipment
D14.5Welding Presses and Components
D14.6Rotating Elements of Equipment
WIT Pg. 5-9,14, Fig. 5.8
Instructor Should Explain:
ANSI - American National Standards Institute
ASTM - The American Society For Testing And Materials
ISO - International Organization For Standardization
IIW - International Institute Of Welding
WIT Pg. 5-14
Instructor Should Explain:
Give Example Showing the Importance of Material Control.
Identification and Traceability of Materials Is an Important Aspect of Fabrication
WIT Pg. 5-15
Instructor Should Explain:
These Documents Are Usually Notarized Statements From the Manufacturer Tabulating the Chemical and Physical Properties for the Material.
Specify on Purchase Order MTR Required
WIT Pg. 5-16, Fig. 5.9
Instructor Should Explain:
This is an example of an MT Report
Alloy Type
Chemistry
Physical Properties
Briefly Refer to Sections of the Sample Report in Fig. 5.9, Pg. 5-16
WIT Pg. 5-15, 16
Instructor Should:
Briefly Cover Each Point
WIT Pg. 5-17
Instructor Should:
Expound On Each Material Control Method
WIT Pg. 5-18
Instructor Should Explain:
SAE -Society Of Automotive Engineers
AISI - American Iron And Steel Institute
CDA - Copper Development Association
UNS -Unified Number System (Widely Used in Metals Identification As Set Out in 5.11)
ASTM -American Society for Testing and Material
WIT Pg. 5-20
Instructor Should:
Briefly Review Each of the Specification Headings Given on Page 5-20, 21.
Filler Metals:
- Electrode Designation
- Chemistry
- Mechanical Properties
WIT Pg. 5-21
Instructor Should:
Briefly Review Each of the Specification Headings Given on Page 5-21.
WIT Pg. 5-22
Instructor Should:
Review each item
The Purpose of Qualification Is Shown on the Slides That Follow.
WIT Pg. 5-22
Instructor Should:
Discuss Each Item
WIT Pg. 5-22
Instructor Should:
Discuss The Three Methods
WIT Pg. 5-22, 23
Instructor Should Explain:
Prequalifies Several:
Welding Processes
Base Metals
Filler Metals
Thickness' (1/8” And Up)
Joint Configurations
Techniques
WIT Pg. 5-25
Instructor Should:
Discuss Each Item
Involves the Welding of Test Coupons Which Are Subsequently Sectioned and Tested According to the Applicable Code Requirements.
WIT Pg. 5-25
Instructor Should:
Discuss The Essential Variables, Which Include, but Are Lot Limited to:
Welding Process
Base Metal Alloy
Thickness
Electrode Diameter
WIT Pg. 5-25
Instructor Should Explain:
Reference Figure 5.15, Pg. 5-26 Through Figure 5.18,
Pg. 5-29.
WIT Pg. 5-30
Instructor Should Explain:
Used for Special Joint Configuration Such As a Number of Members Meeting at a Common Point.
Give Examples, i.e. Tube-to-Tube Sheet Welds
WIT Pg. 5-30
Instructor Should Explain:
The Inspector Is Responsible to Ensure All Test Coupons Are Sectioned and the Individual Specimens Tested in Accordance With the Applicable Code Requirements.
WIT Pg. 5-30
Instructor Should Explain:
Part of the Welding Inspector’s Function Is to Ensure the Ongoing Suitability of All Welding Procedures Used in Production.
WIT Pg. 5-31
Instructor Should Explain:
Starting Point Is Having a Qualified Procedure
Then, Test Welders.
WIT Pg. 5-31
Instructor Should Explain:
Variables Slightly Different for Welder Qualification
i.e. - Position
WIT Pg. 5-36 Fig. 5.26
Instructor Should Point Out:
Slide Shows - AWS Welder Qualification Test Plate for Fillet Welds
WIT Pg. 5-37, Fig. 5.28
Instructor Should Explain:
Discuss Role of the Restricting Ring in the 6GR Test
Refer Students to Figure 5.28, Pg. 5-37
WIT Pg. 5-37, Fig. 5.29
Instructor Should Explain:
Review Each F Group, Noting Low H2 and Position #’s
F1 - Iron Powder F2 - Routile
F3 - CellulosicF4 - Low Hydrogen
Note:
F1 - EasiestF4 - Most Difficult
WIT Pg. 5-38
Instructor Should Explain:
Certification Denotes Paperwork
WIT (Items Discussed Over a Range of Pages)
Instructor Should Explain:
Need for CWI to a Carry Copy of Code on the Job Site
Inspector Is Responsible for Proper Material Usage
WIT Pg. 5-42
Instructor Should Explain:
Must Inspect to a Specification, Code or Standard