This power point gives the idea about the herbal constituents to increase the immune system

1. NANOPARTICLE BASED FORMULATION, CHACTERIZATION AND
EVALUATION FOR IMMUNITY ENHANCEMENT OF IMMUNO-
COMPROMISED SUBJECT
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Mr. RAKESH D. TIWLE
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
SHRI RAWATPURA SARKAR INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY KUMHARI DURG C.G.

2. CONTENTS
Introduction
Literatures survey
Novelty of Work
Objective and Plan of Work
Methodology
Expected Outcome of the Study
Data collection and Interpretation
Work Publication
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3. INTRODUCTION
 Immunity is the defense potential of the body against particular
disease.
 A number of drugs and formulation are being to develop to
enhance the immunity of the body in the form of tablets, syrup.
 Nanoparticles has been proved to enhance the bioavailability and
duration of action of the drug.
 In present study, nanoparticle based formulation of some plant
originated semi-synthetic drugs will be developed and assessed
pharmacologically to determine the effect on body immunity and
will be compared with the conventional dosage form of the selected
drug.
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4. WHY NEED TO BOOST IMMUNE SYSTEM
 Organ Transplant
 Age related condition
 Respiratory infections
 Influenza
 Immunodeficiency [obesity, alcoholism, malnutritions]
 Autoimmune diseases include celiac disease type 1
diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, AIDS.
 Hypersensitivity
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5. WHY SHOULD NANOPARTICLES
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Fairly easy
Preparation
Good protection
of encapsulated
drug
Increase
Therapeutic
efficacy
Targeted and drug
delivery
Retention of drug at the
active site
Increase Bioavailability
and hence duration of
action
Good control over size
and size distribution
Longer clearance time
Dose proportionally

6. 3/27/2021 6
NOVELTY OF WORK
For the immune booster lot’s of plants origin marketed
formulation are available
In this work we developed a semi-synthetic Nanoparticle
which is in small amount and give a significant immune
booster.
Semi-synthetic Nanoparticle is a new concept for immune
system.
 Nanoparticles to break up clusters of bacteria.
 The ability of the nanoparticle to stimulate immune responses
quickly.
Nanoparticles act as an antioxidant to remove oxygen free
radicals that are present in a patient's bloodstream.

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OBJECTIVE OF THE PRESENT WORK
 Formulation of Nanoparticles of selected Semi-synthetic
drug.
 Characterization of the formulated Nanoparticles.
 In-vitro and in-vivo pharmacological studies to evaluate
effect on immunity.
 Prediction of adverse reactions of nano medical
technology, toxicology and safety issues.
 It is Commercialization, funding and economics of
nanomedical technology.
This work is very useful to the commercialization to the
common man.

8. 3/27/2021 8
LITERATURE SURVEY
It can be done by following sources
S.no Authors Title Description year
1. Banu S.
Zolnik,
Africa
Gonza lez-
Fernandez.
Minireview: Nanoparticles
and the Immune System.
Nanoparticles enhance the immune responses on the
basis of reported observations on nanoparticle-
mediated immunostimulation and immunosuppression
2019
2. Abdurach
man,
Netty
Herawati
The Role of Psychological
Well-being In Boosting
Immune Response: An
Optimal Effort For Tackling
Infection
They prove that promotion of hygiene,antiseptic
ingredients, pharmaceutical compounds, & vaccines. to
boosting the host immune responses by creating a
psychological balance
2018
3. Ioannis K
Toliopoulo
s
Antioxidant sub enhance
the immune system.
Immunotherapy should be tested further pre clinical
implication of dosage and timing based treatment
regiment.
2018
Google Search,
Scopus, Pubmed,
Science direct , Science alert,
Medline, web Science..

9. 3/27/2021 9
S.no Authors Title Description year
4. Khumalo. B. M1,
Qwebani-ogunleye
Evalutation of immune booster
formulation by traditional health
practitioners:Phytochemical,
Antioxidant & minerals elements
studies
In elemental analysis it has
observe atomic absorption
spectrophotometer. The
phytochemicals screening of
the immune booster revealed
that the formation contained
alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols
and saponins while steroids,
tannins and glycosides were
absent. Immune booster
formulation
2018
5. Simon Heidegger,
Stefan Niedermayer
Immune response to functionalized
mesoporous silica nanoparticles for
targeted drug delivery
In this study that MSN-NH2
nanoparticles are non-toxic to
primary murine leukocytes
and provoke only trace
immune activation.
Multifunctional mesoporous silica
nanoparticles
2010
6. Bogdan Aman Describing the Immune System Using
Enhanced Mobile Membranes
they investigate the enhanced
the immune system using a
mobile membranes.
2008

10. 3/27/2021 10
S.no Authors Title Description Year
7. Suresh Sagadevan Beneficial Applications of
Nanoparticles in Medical Field
He has proven that biomedical
research tools play an imp role
in,polymeric,inorganic,
systhetic formulations or a
combination of both
2014
8. Sovan Lal Pal, Utpal
Jana, P. K. Manna
Preparation and characterization
Nanoparticle.
Nanoparticles offer high
advantages compare to
conventional drug delivery
like high stability, high
specificity, high drug carrying
capacity, ability for controlled
release and possibility of both
the drug hydrophilic and
hydrophobic drug molecules.
2011

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PREFORMULATION STUDIES OF SELECTED DRUG
1. Organoleptic properties – it include colour , tasten smell, sight,
touch
2. Bulk Character of the drug – it include
Crystallinity and Polymorphism
Hygroscopicity
Fine particle characterization
Powder flow properties
3. Solubility Analysis
pH solubility profile
Ionization constant- pKa
Partition co-efficient
Solubilization

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PREPARATION & OPTIMIZATION OF NANOPARTICLES
1. Solvent Evaporation Method
2. Salting out Method
3. Emulsion Diffusion Method
4. Solvent Displacement Method
5. Ionic Gelation Method
6. Spray Drying Method
7. Development of Nanoparticles Using Supercritical Fluid
Technology

13. CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOPARTICLES
1. Nanoparticles Particle size
2. Drug Content / Surface entrapment / Drug
entrapment
3. Particle Size and Zeta Potential
4. In-vitro release Study
5. Stability of Studies
6. Kinetic Study
7. Dynamic light scattering (DLS)
8. Surface Morphology
9. Differential Scanning Calorimerty (DSC)
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14. PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION
1. Cortisol response and Cortisol awakening response (CAR)
2. Study CD4+ T cells count for HIV.
3. Evaluation of antioxidant activity
4. Assessment of Signs and Symptoms
5. Measurement of Relative Organ Weight and Histopathology
6. Effect of the Test Formulation on Paw Volume
7. Histopathological Examination.
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15. Expected Outcome of the Study
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The goal of the present study is to prepare nanoparticle based
formulation of immuno stimulant semi-synthetic drug(s), which is
expected to have greater bioavablity and duration of action as
compare to conventional formulation. Due to improvement in
bioavablity and better pharmacokinetic potential, it is expected that
the newly developed nanoparticle formulation will be more effective
in the enhancement of body immunity to the immuno compromised
patients.

16. References
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1. Khumalo. B. M, Qwebani-ogunleye. Evaluation of immune booster formulation by traditional health practitioners: Phytochemical,
Antioxidant And Mineral Elements Studies. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2018 April ; 9(2): (P) 29-37
2. Ahmad I, Beg AZ. Antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 Indian medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant human
pathogens. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2001;74(2):113- 23.
3. Miedema F, Tersmette M, Van Lier RA (1990) AIDS pathogenesis: a dynamic interaction between HIV and the immune system.
See comment in PubMed Commons below Immunol Today 11: 293-297.
4. French MA, Price P, Stone SF (2004) Immune restoration disease after antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 18: 1615-1627.
5. Elfaki MG, Al-Hokail AA, Kambal AM (2012) Microbial immunosuppression. In: Suman Kapur and Maristela B. Portela (eds)
Immunosuppression-Role in Health and Diseases. InTech Publisher, Rijeka , Croatia.
6. Heroor S, Beknal A, Mahurkar N (2012) Preliminary investigation for immunomodulation of methanolic extracts of leaves and
flowers of Pongamia glabra Vent. in mice model. Adv Lif Sci 2: 170-173.
7. Ninh M. La-Beck and Alberto A. Gabizon, Nanoparticle interactions with the immune system: clinical implications for Liposome-
Based cancer chemotherapy, Frontier in Immunology, 6 April, 2017
8. Qie Y, Yuan H, von Roemeling CA, Chen Y, Liu X, Shih KD, et al. Surface modification of nanoparticles enables selective evasion
of phagocytic clear-ance by distinct macrophage phenotypes. Sci Rep (2016) 6:26269.
9. Garg, A., Visht, S., Sharma, P. K., & Kumar, N. (2011). Formulation, characterization and application on nanoparticle: a review.
Der Pharmacia Sinica, 2(2), 17-26.

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10. Nagavarma, B. V. N., Yadav, H. K., Ayaz, A., Vasudha, L. S., & Shivakumar, H. G. (2012). Different techniques for
preparation of polymeric nanoparticles—a review. Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res, 5(3), 16-23.
11. Felix Krenziena,b, Abdallah ElKhal et.al, A rationale for age-adapted immunosuppression in organ transplantation,
Published in final edited form as: Transplantation. 2015 November ; 99(11): 2258–2268.
12. Yueh-Hsia Luo, Louis W. Chang, Metal-Based Nanoparticles and the Immune System: Activation, Inflammation, and
Potential Applications, Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 2015, Article ID 143720,
12 pages.

18. 3/27/2021 18
PUBLISHED WORK
1. Rakesh Tiwle. Dr D. K. Sanghi, Formulation And Characterization of Diltiazem
Hydrochloride Matrix Granules And Its Possible Evaluation. World Journal of Pharmacy
and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Volume 2, Issue 6, XXX-XXX
2. Dr. D.K Sanghi, Dr. S.B. Joshi , Dr. S.B. Jaiswal and Rakesh Tiwle. Formulation and
Evaluation Of Dual Release Multiple Unit Tablet Formulation. World Journal of Pharmacy
and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Volume 2, Issue 6, XXX-XXX
3. Rakesh Tiwle, Effect of PH of AlCl3 Solution on Drug Entrapment Efficiency of IPN
Beads, International Journal of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, IJCPS, 2014,
Vol.2(6): 878-881
4. Rakesh Tiwle, Dr. DK Sanghi, Phase Solubility Study of Hydrophobic Drug
Domperidone Using A Novel Technique Inclusion Complex With Β-Cyclodextrine.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Analysis. Vol 4 / Issue 2 / 2014 /
XX-XX.
5. Rakesh Tiwle “An Exhaustive Review on Solubility Enhancement for Hydrophobic
Compounds by Possible Applications of Novel Techniques.” Science alert –Trends
research in applied science and research. 7(8): 596-619; 2012
6. Rakesh Tiwle,. Nan toxicology and Emerging Tool Used for the Toxicity of Nano
materials. Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research 1 (3) 2012, 66-83.

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7. Rakesh Tiwle, Prof. Satyanand Tyagi. A Novel Transdermal Drug Delivery System And
Its Possible Evaluation: A Review. Journal of Drug Discovery and Therapeutics 1(3). 2013,
page no 57-65.
8. Rakesh Tiwle, The Use of Novel Polymers In A Drug Delivery & Its Pharmaceutical
Application, Asian Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Research Issue 2(Vol. 3)
2013 ISSN: 2231-256
9. Rakesh Tiwle. Herbal Drug And Excipient Used In Cosmetic Preparation For The Enhancement of
Beauty. International Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Research ISSN 2321-2624: Vol.1(3)
10. Rakesh Tiwle., An Update: On Needle Free Injections. International Journal of Pharmaceutical,
Chemical And Biological Sciences. Volume 4, Issue 1, January – March, 2014.
11. Rakesh Tiwle, A NOVEL APPROACHES ON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS,
International Journal of Pharmacy, 4(2), 2014, XX-XX. Page 1-5
12. Rakesh Tiwle, MOSQUITO REPLENT FROM HERBAL PLANTS: A REVIEW, European Journal
of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018,VOL 4 (8).
13. Rakesh Tiwle, 3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGY IS A MEDICAL BOON USED IN THE MEDICAL
TREATMENT, Universal Journal of Pharmacy, 2019, 08 (01).

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THANK YOU