2. What is social service?
Charitable activities
What is social work?
What is professionalism
What is science?
Difference between science and technology
3. Professionalism
Extensive training
Specialized knowledge
Application
Theoretical knowledge
Research
Code of ethics
Regulated by governing body
4. What is social work?
To help the person to help himself
Enabling /empowerment
In systematic way
Professional way
Maintains objectivity
5. Techniques of social work
Social case work- at individual level
Social group work-at group level/ family
Community organization – at community level
Social welfare administration- organization level
Social research
Social action –at mass level
6. What is social welfare
The Indian Constitution establishes a welfare
state.
This is clear from the salient features in the
Preamble and the Directive Principles of State
Policy (DPSP)
In this spirit, India is making a determined attempt
to fulfil its ideal of a welfare state not only in
principle but also through economic planning,
thus securing to the Indian citizens justice—
social, economic and political.
8. Social welfare schemes
Women and Child Development
Scheduled Tribes/scheduled caste/backward
caste Welfare
Unorganised Sector
Minority welfare
Differentially abled welfare
Senior citizen welfare
Urban rural poverty alleviation
9. Social security
According to I.L.O, “Social security is the protection
which
society provides for its members through a series of
public
measure, against the economic and social distress
that
otherwise would be caused by the substantial stoppage
of
earning resulting from :-
sickness
maternity
injury
unemployment
old age and
10. Purpose of social security
To give individuals and families the confidence
that their level of living and quality of life will not
erode by social or economic eventuality.
To provide medical care and income security
against the
consequences of defined contingencies
To facilitate the victims physical and vocational
rehabilitation
To prevent or reduce ill health and accidents in the
occupations
To protect against unemployment by maintenance
and promotion of job creation
To provide benefit for the maintenance of any
children
12. Approaches
Social assistance:
A method to provide benefits as of right to
persons,
usually of small means in amounts sufficient to
meet a
minimum standards of living from general revenues
of
the state.
13. Contingencies of social security
Medical Care
Sickness Benefit
Unemployment Benefit
Old Age Benefit
Employment Injury
Benefit
Family Benefit
Maternity Benefit
14. Social assistance
NSAP stands for National Social Assistance
Programme. NSAP was launched on 15th August,
1995.
In particular, Article 41 of the Constitution of India
directs the State to provide public assistance to
its citizens in case of unemployment, old age,
sickness and disablement and in other cases of
undeserved want within the limit of its economic
capacity and development.
15. continued
The NSAP at its inception in 1995 had three
components namely
National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS,
National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS) and
National Maternity Benefit Scheme (NMBS).
The National Maternity Benefit Scheme (NMBS)
was subsequently transferred on 1st April, 2001
from the Ministry of Rural development to the
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
16. continued
On 1st April, 2000 a new Scheme known as
Annapurna Scheme was launched.
This scheme aimed at providing food security to
meet the requirement of those senior citizens
who, though eligible, have remained uncovered
under the NOAPS.
17. continued
In February 2009, two new Schemes known as
Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme
(IGNWPS) and Indira Gandhi National Disability
Pension Scheme (IGNDPS) were introduced.
18. Social policy
Broadly speaking, the term ‘policy’ refers to the
general guidelines or principles, which give direction
to a particular course of action by the government or
by an organisation.
According to David Gill: Social policies are principles/
course of action designed to influence:
i) the overall quality of life in a society;
ii) the circumstances of living of individuals and groups
in that society; and
iii) the nature of intra- societal relationships among
individuals, groups and society as a whole.
19. continued
According to Kulkarni “Social policy is the strategy
of
action indicating means and methods to be
followed in
successive phases to achieve the declared social
objectives.”
20. Social policy
According to Prof. Titmuss, social policy
represents a
summation of acts of government, deliberately
designed
to improve the welfare of people
21. Actors in Formulation of Social
Policy
Government
ii) Political parties
iii) Individual reforms
iv) Voluntary organisations
v) Social action groups
vi) Plan documents
vii) Laws and courts
viii) Parliamentary committees
22. Problems in Policy
Implementation
Lack of political will
Widespread corruption at each and every level of
functioning
Financial constraints
Red-tapism
Erosion of moral values
Financial constraints
Inadequate staffing
Absence of training
Lack of people’s participation
Gross mismatch between actual needs and
perceived needs of people
Delay in getting justice.
23. Strategies for Effecting Changes
in Policies
Use of mass media
ii) Creation of public opinion
iii) Demonstrations
iv) Public Interest Litigation
v) Discussions, Meetings and Seminars
Building pressure over government
vii) Submission of memorandum
viii) Signature campaign
ix) Pressure groups etc.
24. Concept of Social Planning
Planning is the process of preparing a blueprint of
actions
to attain stated objectives within a time frame.
M.Webber defines planning as the process of
making rational decisions about future goals and
future courses of action,
Alfred J. Kahn defines planning as follows:
Planning is policy choice and programming in the
light of facts, projections and application of
values.
Planning is policy formulation and realization
through choices and rationalization.
25. Social development
Social Development Through Planning
Planning gives expression to the idea of
intervention and it is a central notion in social
development.
Advocates of planning contend that social and
economic
processes can be directed through rational
intervention
to improve society.
26. What is social development ?
Social Development is the promotion of a
sustainable society that is worthy of human
dignity by empowering marginalised groups,
women and men, to undertake their own
development, to improve their social and
economic position and to acquire their rightful
place in society…..”
---Bilance, 1997
Social Development is equality of social
opportunities”
- Amartya Sen, 1995
27. Definition of social development
“Human development is a process of enlarging
peoples’ choices.
The most critical choices that people should have,
include a long and healthy life, access to
knowledge and
income, assets and employment for a decent
standard of
living…
(But) human development concerns more than the
formation of human capabilities such as improved
health
or knowledge.
It also concerns the use of these capabilities”
28. How social development is
measured?
The Human Development Reports
of United Nation Development Programme
(UNDP)
have developed indices such as the
Human Development Index (HDI),
the Human Poverty Index (HPI) &
the Gender-related Development Index (GDI).
29. The Human Development Index
(HDI)
is in terms of capabilities of three basic dimensions
of human development:
• Life longevity
• Knowledge (adult literacy and combined primary,
secondary and tertiary enrolment)
• Decent standard of living (real per capita income)
30. The Human Poverty Index
(HPI),
meant for most deprived sections of the community,
is based on deprivations in the essential elements
of decent human life:
• Basic Survival (Death before age 40, child and
maternal mortality)
• Educational levels (% of illiterate adults)
• Overall economic provisioning (% of people
without access to health services and safe water)
• Sustainability (% of underweight children under
5)
33. What after development ???
Do you think, all our problem are solved ?
The next phase after development
34. Social change
Change implies all variations in human
societies. When changes occur in the modes
of living of individuals and social relation gets
influenced, such changes are called social
changes.
Social change refers to the modifications
which take place in life pattern of people.
Hence, social change would mean observable
differences in any social phenomena over any
period of time.
35. Definitions of social changes
Kingsley Davis says, “By Social change is
meant only such alternations as occur in
social organization – that is, the structure and
functions of society”.
Morris Ginsberg defines, “By social change, I
understand a change in social structure, e.g.,
the size of the society, the composition or the
balance of its parts or the type of its
organization”.
Fairchild defines social change as “variations
or modifications in any aspects of social
process, pattern or form.
36. What is social change ?
Compare all the definitions
Brief discussion
How it is related with social development ?
37. Social action
Social action is a method of social work used for
mobilizing
masses in order to bring about structural changes
in the social
system or to prevent adverse changes.
38. Definitions of social action
Mary Richmond was the first social worker to use the
word “social action” in 1922.
She defines social action as “mass betterment
through propaganda and social legislation”.
Sydney Maslin (1947) limits the scope of social action
by considering it as a process of social work mainly
concerned with securing legislation to meet mass
problems.
Baldwin (1966) defines social action as “an organized
effort to change social and economic institutions as
distinguished from social work or
social service, the fields which do not characteristically
cover essential changes in established institutions.
39. Principles of social action
Principle of Credibility Building
Principle of Legitimization
Principle of Dramatization
Principle of Multiple Strategies
40. Principle of Credibility Building
It is the task of creating public image of leadership,
the organization and the participants of the
movement
42. Principle of Dramatization
Dramatization is the principle of mass mobilization
by which the leaders of a movement galvanize
the population into action by emotional appeals to
heroism, sensational news management, novel
procedures,