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2. Approaches of OB
• Contextual perspective of OB is based on a constructive theory of teaching &
learning.
• The Understanding of OB is very complex.
• It studies organizations from multiple viewpoints & levels.
• Perspectives or basic approaches to organizational behavior are basically
categorized on five approach.

3. • Following are the five bas approaches of OB:
•Human Resource Approach
•Productivity Approach
•Interactionism Approach
•Contingency Approach
•System Approach
Approaches of OB

4. 1. Human Resource Approach
The human resource approach is concerned with
growth & development of peoples towards higher
level of competency, creativity & fulfillment.
It is also known as supportive approach.
The manager’s role changes from control of
employees to active support of their growth &
performance.
The superiors & managers should practice a style,
where workers are given the opportunities &
encouragement to perform.
In this approach, the role of managers changes from
structuring & controlling to supporting.

5. 2. Productivity Approach
Productivity is numerical value of the ratio of
output to input of an organization’s effectiveness.
It also reveals managers’ efficiency in optimizing
resource utilization.
Productivity generally measured in terms of
economic inputs & outputs, but human & social
inputs & outputs are important.
Better organization behavior can improve job
satisfaction.
It also helps to increase the organizational
productivity.

6. 3. Interactionism Approach
This approach focuses on social interaction in
specific situations.
It attempts to explain how people select, interpret
& change various situations.
It also highlights on how status affects both
individual & organizational behavior.
This approach is based on cause & effect
relationship.
It suggests that job changes help employees to
improve their attitudes whereas attitudes influence
how people perceive their jobs.
This approach is slow & steady motion but views
more promising ideas for future development.
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7. 4. Contingency Approach
This approach is based on the principle that methods or behaviors which work effectively in one
situation fail in another.
Results differ because situation differ.
Hence, the manager’s task is to identify which method will, in a particular time, best contribute to the
attainment of organization’s goals.
The strength of the contingency approach lies in the fact it encourages analysis of each situation before
taking any action while at the same time discourages the habitual practice of universal assumptions
about method & people.
This approach is also more interdisciplinary, more system-oriented & more research-oriented than any
other approach.

8. 5. System Approach

9. 5. System Approach
This approach to organizational behavior views the organization as a united, purposeful system
composed of interrelated parts.
It compels managers to take a holistic view of the subject that interprets of the whole person, whole
group, whole organization & whole social system.
System approach universally based on the principle of inputs-process-outputs
This approach is a concept which views a company as an interconnected purposive system that consists
of several business sections.
This approach tells us that the activity of every other segment considerably.