nano fuel cell

1. PRESENTED BY: RAJKUMAR
REG. NO. 12336
BRANCH : ELECTRICAL ENGG.
KAMLA NEHRU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
SULTANPUR

2. ►Fuel cell is a device that converts a fuel directly
into electricity in an electrochemical reaction.

3. ► Fuel cell consists of an electrolyte layer in contact with
an anode and a cathode on either side.
►The existing electrodes
anode and cathode are
porous are made up of
compressed carbon.

4. ►Hydrogen is fed to the anode where a catalyst seperates
hydrogen’s negatively charged electrons.
2H2→ 4H+ + 4e-
►At the cathode , air is fed. so
oxygen is combined with
electrons.
O2 + 4H+ + 4e- → 2H2O
►At this time the electric
current flows in opposite
direction.
►Net reaction: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O

5. ►There are many limitation of fuel cell from reaching
widespread commercial use.
►Nanotechnology can improve the efficiency of fuel cell in
several ways.
►By using nanopores you can limit what gets through the
membrance.
►Nanoparticles is used to increase the surface area to make
the reaction more efficient.

6. ►Carbon nano tube is used to enter the hydrogen into the
fuel cell.
►It is an allotropes of carbon with a cylinderical
nanostructure.
►The diameter of a nano
tube is on the order of a
few nano meters.
►It makes the hydrogen
storage easier.

7. ►Researches at brown university are developing a catalyst
that uses no platinum. The catalyst is made from a sheet of
graphene coated with cobalt nanoparticles.
►Researches at cornell university have developed a
catalyst using platinum cobalt nanoparticles that produce
12 times more catalytic activity than pure platinum.

8. ►Researchers at the university of copenhagen have
demonstrated the ability to significantly reduce the
amount of platinum needed as a catalyst in fuel cell by
controlling the packing density.

9. ●Approach Nanoparticle Electrolyte:
► Nano-sized electrolyte particles dramatically increase active
surface area and hence increases the performance of fuel cell.

10. ● Active catalytic surface area:
► On increasing the catalytic surface area , subsequently it
increases the performance of the fuel cell.

11. There are many application of Nano Fuel Cell. Mainly it is
classified in three areas:
►Transport
►Portable
►Stationary
◘ Application in Transport
1) The fuel cell bus sector is showing year-on-year growth,
with more prototypes being unveiled.
2) Light duty vehicles(LDVs), such as cars and vans.
3) Ferries and smaller boats.

12. ◘ Application in Portable
Fuel Cell today defines portable fuel cells as those
which are built into, or charge up, products that are
designed to be moved. These include military
applications (portable soldier power, skid mounted
fuel cell generators etc), Auxiliary Power Units (APU)
(e.g. for the leisure and trucking industries), portable
products (torches, vine trimmers etc).

14. ► It is eco-friendly , noiseless and has no rotating part.
► Wide chioce of fuel for fuel cell.
► Higher efficiency up to 60% as compared to conventional
which has 30%.
► Require less space.
► In addition to electric power, fuel cell plant also supply
hot water , space heat and stream.
► No transmission and distribution losses.

15. ► Cost to implement a fiel cell system exceeds $ 4000 per
KW.
► Lack of Hydrogen Infrastructure.
► Low life time of Fuek cell..

16. ►The NANOTECH REGENERATIVE FUEL CELLS
provides solutions for the problems, which are effectively
in internal combustion engines. Here, developments in
fuel cells are making it useful in ultimate ways. It
concludes that our environment and renewable resources
will be preserve. It will lead to a new evolution in
automobiles. To compress more power into smaller
volumes, researchers have begun to build fuel cells on the
fuzzy frontier of nanotechnology.