by Rick Fair on Nov 02, 2010

1. AMERICA AND WORLD Chapter 22
WAR II (1941 – 1945)

3. GOOD NEIGHBOR POLICY
US continued to dominate Latin America
politically and economically
Beginning to rely less on direct military
intervention
FDR differs from his predecessors by
substituting cooperation for coercion
“US would be a good neighbor to Latin
America”
However, domination of this area would remain
unchallenged
The Monroe Doctrine still lived on in many ways

4. U.S. ISOLATIONISM
 Business-minded people in America did not want to give up
profitable overseas markets like Germany and Japan just
because Europe was hacked of f
 US refuses to recognize the Soviet Union and quarrels with
England and France over repayment of loans they had
received in World War I

5. U.S. ISOLATIONISM
 US was too afraid to get involved in another “meaningless
war” after World War I
 Neutrality Acts typified the 1930s as the US was gripped with
depression and scared to commit to its allies in Europe

6. WAR IN EUROPE
 Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939
 For nearly two years, Britain stood virtually alone in fighting
Germany
 Battle of Britain
 First major campaign in World War II
 Fought entirely by air forces
 Britain prevailed against almost overwhelming odds
 Germany’s loss was the significant and was one of the first turning
points in the war
 FDR wanted to help Britain, but public support limited him

7. THE ROAD TO INTERVENTION
FDR runs for an unprecedented third
term as he pushes the country to “keep
someone with experience” in office if the
US gets brought into the war (1940)
Lend Lease Act (1941)
US begins shipments of war material to Great
Britain
Also freezes Japanese assets

8. THE ROAD TO INTERVENTION
Atlantic Charter
FDR signs on with his good friend, British
Prime Minister Winston Churchill
The blueprint for the world after WWII; sets
the foundation for international treaties and
organizations that would bring the world back
to its feet economically

10. WAR BREAKS OUT IN EUROPE
Germany invades Poland on 1 September
1939
German Blitzkrieg (Lightning War) appeared
unstoppable
It was definitely getting Britain’s attention
For almost two years, Britain is alone in the
fight against German aggression
FDR wants to help Britain, but public
opinion in the US greatly limited him during
this time period

12. U.S. RELATIONS WITH JAPAN
Japan had long been interested in an
Asian empire and occupied Korea and
key parts of Manchuria before 1920
When Japan sought to gain supremacy in
China, the US protested with the “Open
Door Policy”

13. U.S. RELATIONS WITH JAPAN
Open Door Policy
Basically stated that the US and all European
nations could trade with China, free to use their
treaty ports
Within the spheres of influence in China
China’s power as a nation is declining during this
period
The theory had been that trade was a basic right
of all nations, even though sovereign countries
could counter with isolationist attitudes

14. U.S. RELATIONS WITH JAPAN
Open Door Policy
Isolationism would essentially be unnatural
for trade and communication; based in the
arguments of John Locke
Ironic as the US had no problem promoting
isolationism during the Great Depression

15. U.S. RELATIONS WITH JAPAN
Japan’s utter disregard of the Open Door
policy
Leads to the Washington Conference in 1922
The conference again declares the
independence of China via the Open Door
Policy; helped through the “Nine Power Treaty”
 Yet the treaty lacked any enforcement regulations

16. U.S. RELATIONS WITH JAPAN
Japan’s utter disregard of the Open Door
policy
Japan violated these agreements by seizing
Manchuria, but the US did not respond
After war breaks out in Europe, the US begins
to realize where Japan stands…taking sides
with the fascists
US responds by limiting exports to Japan
 Strategic materials such as oil

17. U.S. RELATIONS WITH JAPAN
Japan’s utter disregard of the Open Door
policy
This did not restrain Japan, but make the
country angry
 So, they side with Germany and Italy
 Push further into Indochina

18. U.S. RELATIONS WITH JAPAN
The US response – end all trade with
Japan
Sounds a lot like how we got into the War of
1812
Japan tries to negotiate with the US
 Plan B was to attack if their demands were not granted

19. U.S. RELATIONS WITH JAPAN
The US response – end all trade with
Japan
Japan wanted a large stake in China for
restoration of normal trade patterns
The US demanded that Japan withdraw its
troops
Negotiation fails and Japan attacks

21. PEARL HARBOR
December 7, 1941
“FDR’s Date that Will Live in Infamy”
This attack in the Pacific greatly changes
Americans’ minds about neutrality
everyone’s angry and ready to go to war

23. PEARL HARBOR
FDR finally asks for a declaration of war
The US suffered significant early defeats
after entering the war because the
country was unprepared for a naval and
air war halfway across the world

24. THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC
 The first few months of American involvement witnessed an
unbroken string of military disasters
 The tide turned with the battles at Coral Sea and Midway
 May and June 1942

26. D-DAY
6 June 1944
Allied invasion of Normandy, France
(Operation Neptune)
2 phases of Allied attack
Air assault by the Americans, British, and
French shortly after midnight
Amphibious landing of Allied infantry and
armored divisions on the coast of Normandy,
France at 0630

29. D-DAY
Significance
The absolute largest amphibious invasion of
all time (175,000 troops)
195,700 Naval personnel involved overall
Established the much needed second front in
Western Europe
 A majority of the fighting was fought initially in North Africa and Italy