Algae, Chlorophyceae(Green Algae), Rhodophyceae(Red Algae), Pheophyceae(Brown Algae). RBG ALGAE, Red Algae, Brown Algae, Green algae.

1. ALGAE

2. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF ALGAE
• Algae are chlorophyll containing ,simple , thalloid (i.e. a plant
body is not differentiate into root stems and leaves) and
autotropic animal.
• Algae are largely aquatic , either marine or fresh water. They
also occur in habitats like moist stones , soils and wood. Some
of them also occur in association with fungi and animals.
• Algae are of variable size and forms. The size ranges from the
microscopic unicellular form like Chlamydomonas , to
colonial forms like Volvox .
• Vascular tissues are absent .
• Algae reproduce by sexual, asexual , and vegetative methods.

3. REPRODUCTION IN ALGAE
• vegetative reproduction is by fragmentation.
• During the asexual reproduction different types of spores are
formed like zoospores.
• Sexual reproduction can be :
 Isogamous
 Anisogamous
 Oogamous.

4. CLASSES OF ALGAE
• On the basis of their pigments algae are classified into 3
major groups:
 Chlorophyceae
 Phaeophyceae
 Rhodophyceae

5. CHLOROPHYCEAE
• The common name of chlorophyceae is green algae.
• The major pigment present is chlorophyll a chlorophyll b.
• The stored food is starch.
• The cell wall is made up of cellulose.
• Green algae is commonly found in fresh water, brackish
water and salt water.
• Some examples- Chlorella, Spirogyra, Chara, Volvox,
Ulothrix, Chlamydomonas.

6. PHAEOPHYCEAE
• It is commonly known as brown algae.
• The major pigments are chlorophyll a ,chlorophyll c, and
fucoxanthin.
• The stored food is mannitol and laminarin.
• The cell wall is made up of cellulose and algin.
• Found in fresh water , brackish water, salt water.
• Some examples- Ectocarpus, Sargassum, focus, Alaria,
etc.

7. RHODOPHYCEAE
• It is commonly known as red algae.
• The major pigments are chlorophyll a, chlorophyll d, and
phycoerythrin.
• The food stored is floridean starch.
• The cell wall is made up of cellulose ,
pectin , and polysulphate .
• Commonly found in fresh water ,
brackish water and salty water.
• Some examples- Porphyra, Thorea,
Gelidum, Champia, Ceeramium, etc.

8. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
• Algae help in photosynthesis. It is essential for respiration of
aquatic life.
• Algae are primary producers of energy rich compounds.
• Certain unicellular algae like chlorella and spirulina are rich in
protein and are used as food supplements even by space
travelers.
• Fucus and luminaria are rich sources of iodine.
• Agar is one of the commercial product obtained from
gelidium and gracilaria and are used to grow microbes and in
preparations of ice creams and jellies.

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