intro, background, current situation, importance, swot analysis and conclusion.

3. PRESENTERS
QALANDAR HUSSAIN 82
SAAD HUSSAIN 84
UMAR FAYYAZ 94
MUHAMMAD RIZWAN 71
GROUP NO. 1
SUPERVISOR
SIR FAZAL ABBAS

4. AGRICULTURE

5. WHAT IS AGRICULTURE ?
DERIVED FROM “AGER” WHICH MEANS “FIELDS”
SO AGRICULTURE MEANS “CULTURE THE FIELDS”.
AGRICULTURE
“THE SCIENCE OR PRACTICE OF FARMING, INCLUDING CULTIVATION OF THE SOIL
FOR THE GROWING OF CROPS AND THE REARING OF ANIMALS TO PROVIDE FOOD,
WOOL, AND OTHER PRODUCTS.”

6. INTRODUCTION
JOHN SALAZAR (FORMER US COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT)
SAID;
“THERE IS ONLY ONE THING THAT CAN BRING OUR NATION DOWN,
OUR DEPENDENCE ON FOREIGN COUNTRIES FOR FOOD AND
ENERGY.”
“AGRICULTURE IS THE BACKBONE OF OUR ECONOMY”.

7. INTRODUCTION
PAKISTAN HAS A RICH AND VAST NATURAL RESOURCE BASE, COVERING
VARIOUS ECOLOGICAL AND CLIMATIC ZONES, HENCE THE COUNTRY HAS
GREAT POTENTIAL FOR PRODUCING ALL TYPES OF FOOD COMMODITIES.
AGRICULTURE HAS AN IMPORTANT DIRECT AND INDIRECT ROLE IN
GENERATING ECONOMIC GROWTH.
THE IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE TO THE ECONOMY IS SEEN IN THREE
WAYS:
FIRST, IT PROVIDES FOOD TO CONSUMERS AND FIBERS FOR DOMESTIC
INDUSTRY.
SECOND, IT IS A SOURCE OF SCARCE FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS.

8. INTRODUCTION
AGRICULTURE SECTOR PROVIDES THE OPPORTUNITIES TO MILLIONS OF
RURAL PEOPLE TO STRIVE AGAINST POVERTY AND HUNGER. THIS SECTOR
ALONE CANNOT ACHIEVE THE DESIRED LEVEL OF ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT,
BUT ITS ROLE IN THE PROCESS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IS VERY
UNIQUE.
IT CAN WORK WITH OTHER SECTORS TO ACHIEVE THE FASTER RATE OF
ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. THEREFORE, AGRICULTURAL
TERMS OF TRADE LINKING WITH OUTPUT, INVESTMENT, PRODUCTIVITY AND
GROWTH IN AGRICULTURE AFFECT RURAL ECONOMY AND IMPROVEMENT IN
AGRICULTURAL TERMS OF TRADE WOULD LEAD TO GAIN WELFARE OF
FARMERS.

9. INTRODUCTION
AGRICULTURE SECTOR PROVIDES THE OPPORTUNITIES TO MILLIONS OF
RURAL PEOPLE TO STRIVE AGAINST POVERTY AND HUNGER.
IT IS THE LARGEST INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT GENERATING SECTOR OF
PAKISTAN ECONOMY.
ABOUT 2/3 POPULATION RESIDES IN RURAL AREAS AND DIRECTLY OR
INDIRECTLY DEPEND ON THIS SECTOR FOR THEIR LIVELIHOOD AND AS
WELL AS ON LIVESTOCK.
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR WAS HIGHLY PROTECTED AND VARIOUS POLICIES
OF SUPPORT PRICE AND SUBSIDIZING PROGRAMS WERE WORKING IN
BOTH DEVELOPED AND LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES.

10. INTRODUCTION
Agricultu
re
25.1%
Industry
21%
Service
53.6
Share in GDP
AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN PAKISTAN
Population depends 70%
Labor Force Employment 44%
Share in GDP 25%
Total Area 79.6 million
hector
Total cultivated area 22 million
hector
Country Exports
80%

12. BACKGROUND
o In 1950,
Contribution in GDP is 53%
80% share in Export
Employed 68% of labor
force
o In 1960,
Growth rate is 5.10 %
2nd highest growth in Pakistan
 Factors:
 High yielding verities of crops Rice and
wheat
 Installation of private tube-wells
 Increased incentives and subsidies on
agriculture such as fertilizer

13. BACKGROUND
o In 1970-80,
Growth performance was very
dismal.
Growth rate of agriculture output
was 24%.
 Factors:
 Lack in new varities of seeds
 War and separation of East Pakistan
 A virus attack on cotton
 Droughts and floods
 Sour relationship of Landlord and
tenants.
o In 1990s,
Economic growth was slow
down to
4.4%.
 Factors:
 Floods and virus attacks
 Rapid change of Government
and instable political
environment
 Sharp increase in cost of

14. BACKGROUND
o In 2000s,
In 2003-04 growth was declined
by
2.4% and 2.2% respectively.
 Factors:
 Due to wide spread rain.
 And pest attack on cotton crop.

15. BACKGROUND
In the years of 2005 and 2010 there were two most destructive natural
disasters in Pakistan’s history namely the earthquake and the flood
respectively which damages the economy of the Pakistan very badly
particularly agriculture sector that cause to create volatility in it.
According to the finance minister Mr. Hafeez Sheikh “the floods, the
ongoing war against terrorism and a spurt in world oil prices pulled back
the economy that grew by only 2.4% against a target of 4.5% in the
outgoing financial year 2010-11” (Economic Survey of Pakistan, 2010-
2011).

16. Sector 2008-
09
2009-
10
2010-
11
2011-
12
2012-
13
2013-
14
2014-
15
Agricultu
re
3.5 0.2 2.0 3.6 2.7 2.7 2.9
Crops 3.5 -4.2 1.0 3.2 1.5 3.2 1.0
Livestock 2.2 3.8 3.4 4.0 3.5 2.8 4.1
Forestry 2.6 -0.1 4.8 1.8 6.6 -6.7 3.2
Fishing 2.6 1.4 -15.2 3.8 0.7 1.0 5.8
AGRICULTURE GROWTH PERCENTAGES (BASE 2005-06)
BACKGROUND

19. CURRENT SITUATION
AGRICULTURE ACCOUNTS FOR 25 PERCENT OF GDP.
AGRICULTURE STOOD AT 43.5 PERCENT OF EMPLOYMENT.
The agriculture growth stood at 2.9 percent during July- March,
2014-15 as compared to 2.7 percent during the last year.
The agriculture sector has four sub sectors: crops, livestock,
fisheries and forestry.

20. MAJOR CROPS
o COTTON
o WHEAT
o RICE
o SUGARCANE
o OTHER CROPS
COTTON:
During 2014-15, cotton production
stood at 13,983 thousand bales as
compared to 12,769 thousand bales
in 2013-14 and registered an
increase of 9.5 percent.

21. MAJOR CROPS
WHEAT
WHEAT PRODUCTION DECREASED TO 25,478
THOUSAND TONS IN 2014-15 AS COMPARED
TO 25,979 THOUSAND TONS IN 2013-14
SHOWING A DECREASE OF 1.9 PERCENT.

22. MAJOR CROPS
RICE:
RICE PRODUCTION HAS INCREASED TO 7,005
THOUSAND TONS IN 2014-15 AS COMPARED
TO 6,798 THOUSAND TONS IN 2013-14
SHOWING AN INCREASE OF 3.0 PERCENT.

23. MAJOR CROPS
SUGARCANE
SUGARCANE PRODUCTION HAS DECREASED TO 62,652 THOUSAND TONS
IN 2014-15, AS COMPARED TO 67,460 THOUSAND TONS LAST YEAR, AND
REGISTERED A DECREASE OF 7.1 PERCENT.

24. OTHER CROPS
Others Crops:
During July-March 2014-15, the production of Potatoes
Moong, Onions and Chilies increased by 6.3 percent, 6.2
percent, 1.3 percent and 0.3 percent, respectively.

25. LIVESTOCK
LIVESTOCK
LIVESTOCK SHARE IN THE AGRICULTURE VALUE ADDED STOOD AT 56.3
PERCENT WHILE IT IS CONTRIBUTING 11.8 PERCENT TO THE GDP.
Livestock consists of cattle, buffalos, sheep, goat, camel, horses.
Livestock in during year recorded a growth of 4.12 percent as compared
2.76 percent last year.

26. FISHERY & FORESTRY
Fisheries
Fisheries sub-sector has 2.1
percent share in agriculture sector,
it has recorded a growth of 5.75
percent against the growth of 0.98
percent last year. Forestry
The contribution of this sub-sector
in agriculture is 2.0 percent with
main components of forestry,
timber and fire wood. Growth of the
forestry is registered at 3.15 percent
as compared to -6.74 percent last
year.

27. Causes of Agriculture Growth
CAUSES
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCHES AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES PLAY A IMPORTANT
ROLE IN TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY AND KNOWLEDGE TO THE FARMING
COMMUNITY.
New technology is being used in agriculture system that’s why
agriculture sector is performing well.
All four weathers are very helpful to increase productivity of the
agriculture land.

28. PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
PROBLEMS
o INADEQUATE SUPPLY OF AGRICULTURAL
INPUTS
o OLD METHOD OF PRODUCTION
o LACK OF CREDIT
o POLITICAL INSTABILITY
o INADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE

30. Role and Importance of Agriculture

31. ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
INCREASE IN PER CAPITA INCOME:
PER CAPITA INCOME IS THE ANNUAL AVERAGE INCOME OF THE INDIVIDUALS OF
A NATION. WE DERIVE IT BY DIVIDING NATIONAL INCOME ON TOTAL
POPULATION
CURRENT PCI IS $ 1254 AT PRESENT.

32. ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
MAJOR SOURCE OF EMPLOYMENT
AGRICULTURE SECTOR PROVIDES EMPLOYMENT TO MAJOR PORTION OF
OUR LABOR FORCE.
MORE THAN 45.0% OF OUR LABOR FORCE IS DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN
AGRICULTURE SECTOR.
66.7% OF OUR RURAL POPULATION IS DEPENDENT ON AGRICULTURE.

33. ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
REDUCTION IN POVERTY
AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT HAS
SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON RURAL
DEVELOPMENT.
PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES IN
AGRICULTURE IT REDUCES POVERTY.
21.0% POPULATION OF PAKISTAN IS
MUCH POOR.
SOURCE OF FOREX EARNING
Agriculture sector is the main source
of foreign exchange (forex) earning
which is used to import capital goods.
Total forex resources of Pakistan is $
17.1 billion out of which share of
agriculture is $2007.3million

34. ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
SOURCE OF NATIONAL INCOME
AT THE TIME OF PARTITION,
CONTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURE SECTOR TO
GNP WAS 60%, WHICH DECREASED TO 29.4%
IN 1980-81.
NOW ITS SHARE TO GDP IS 20.9%.
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IS THE MAJOR
CONTRIBUTOR TO PAKISTAN’S NATIONAL
INCOME.
INCREASE IN
INVESTMENTTotal investment is only 13.4% of GDP
in Pakistan.
This low investment is mainly due to
low income and low savings.
Agricultural sector increases the
income of people that caused in more
saving and more investment.

35. ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
BALANCE OF PAYMENT POSITION
PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURE SECTOR
WILL PROVIDE SURPLUS PRODUCTION FOR
EXPORTS AND OUR FOREIGN EXCHANGE
RESERVES WILL BE INCREASED.
AT PRESENT PAKISTAN IS FACING A DEFICIT
OF $8.3 BILLION IN ITS BALANCE OF
PAYMENT.
•Supply of Raw Material
Agricultural sector provides not
only food but also provides cotton,
sugarcane, tobacco, rice, oil-seed,
meat and milk to various agro-based,
small scale and large-scale industries
as a raw material.

36. ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, PROGRESS
AND PROSPERITY CANNOT ACHIEVE
WITHOUT AGRICULTURAL SECTOR.
IT PROVIDES EMPLOYMENT
OPPORTUNITIES TO A LOT OF PEOPLE. IT
PRODUCES EXPORTABLE ITEMS, WHICH
INCREASES THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE
RESOURCES.
DIRECT FOREIGN
INVESTMENT
Now a day, use of advanced technologies
in farming is common.
It boost-up the industries like tractors,
harvesters, thrashers, chemicals etc.
It has increases the foreign direct
investment in our country.
Foreign investment is $ 1.8 billion in
Pakistan.

37. ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
INCREASE IN GOVT. REVENUE
THERE IS NO DIRECT TAX ON THE AGRICULTURAL INCOME.
INDIRECTLY GOVERNMENT RECEIVES A HUGE AMOUNT OF TAX FORM AGRICULTURAL
SECTOR.
IT IMPOSED SOME DUTIES ON IMPORTED TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED IN FARMING.

40. SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTH :
WITH MORE THAN 22 MILLION HECTARES OF LAND UNDER CULTIVATION,
AGRICULTURAL LAND OF PAKISTAN IS 35% OF THE TOTAL AREA, SUFFICIENT NOT ONLY
FOR ITS FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY BUT ALSO ITS INDUSTRIAL AND EXPORTS NEEDS.
o IRRIGATION SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN IS BEST IRRIGATION AGRICULTURE SECTOR
o PAKISTAN IS BLESSED WITH ALL FOUR WEATHERS, VERY HELPFUL IN INCREASING
PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL LAND.
o PAKISTAN IS FOURTH LARGEST PRODUCER OF COTTON, DATES, MANGOES
WORLDWIDE

41. SWOT ANALYSIS
WEAKNESSES:
o WEAK FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, STAGNANT YIELDS
o PREPONDERANCE OF SMALL FARMERS, LOW TECHNOLOGY BASE
o POOR SKILL DEVELOPMENT FOR MODERN AGRICULTURE
o INAPPROPRIATE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES
o RURAL NON-FARM SECTOR PERFORMS BELOW POTENTIAL

42. SWOT ANALYSIS
OPPORTUNITIES:
o EXISTENCE OF PRODUCTIVITY
GAPS - GREAT SCOPE FOR
PRODUCTION ENHANCING
o WORLDWIDE INTEREST IN
AGRICULTURE
o BURGEONING POPULATION -
NEED FOR FOOD
o GROWING PROSPERITY -
DEMAND FOR VALUE ADDED
FOOD PRODUCTS
THREATS:
o Rural Governance issues
o Climate change and
environmental threat
o Use of arable land for non-
agricultural use
o Low priority for agricultural
development-urban bias

44. RESPONSE
o Increase productivity by increasing efficiency in all agricultural operations
through public as well as private sector investment in R&D and Extension.
o Increase profitability by rationalizing input and output prices, reducing
production and post production losses and selective public procurement
intervention.
o Making agricultural product competitive in the rapidly globalizing world by
reducing cost of ‘production’ and by different techniques.
o Ensuring sustainability by promoting environment friendly good agricultural
practices through, appropriate legal framework, awareness campaigns and
incentives and rewards.
o EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF GAINS IN ALL STAKEHOLDERS WITHOUT ANY
DISTINCTION.

45. CONCLUSION
o Despite its declining importance: agriculture is a sector capable of accelerating
growth, reducing poverty, containing inflation and improving the quality of life
of its citizens.
o Area needing urgent attention: are inputs use efficiency, reducing production
cost , credit availability and bringing more areas under cultivation
o Areas needing attention in the short term are rural infrastructure, agricultural
terms of trade, promoting investment, formulating land use policy.
o Areas needing attention in the long term are agricultural education, rural
governance adapting to climate change threats and introducing modern forms
of production.