Test Driven Development with Puppet
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Presented at Puppet Camp London 2014 "Test Driven Development with Puppet" by Gareth Rushgrove, Government Digital Service
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Test Driven Development with Puppet
- 1. Test Driven Development! for Puppet! Puppet needs software development Gareth Rushgrove
- 2. Who (Who is this person?)
- 3. @garethr
- 8. The problem (This isn’t a rant, but…)
- 9. Who here is a software developer? Gareth Rushgrove
- 10. If you’re writing Puppet code you’re a software developer Gareth Rushgrove
- 11. As a software developer it’s your job to learn software engineering practices Gareth Rushgrove
- 12. What is Test Driven Development (And why should you care)
- 13. A common practice in software engineering Gareth Rushgrove
- 14. Not just testing Gareth Rushgrove
- 15. Encourages simple designs and inspires confidence Gareth Rushgrove
- 16. First write an (initially failing) automated test case Gareth Rushgrove
- 17. Then produce the minimum amount of code to pass that test Gareth Rushgrove
- 18. And finally refactor the new code to acceptable standards Gareth Rushgrove
- 19. Test Driven Design Gareth Rushgrove
- 20. Gareth Rushgrove
- 21. Unit testing with RSpec and Guard (Not puppet specific)
- 22. A unit is the smallest testable part of an application Gareth Rushgrove
- 23. Testing puppet requires a little Ruby knowledge so we’ll use Ruby examples Gareth Rushgrove
- 24. class Person def say(word) end end Gareth Rushgrove
- 25. First lets write a test. For this we use the RSpec testing framework Gareth Rushgrove
- 26. require 'person' ! describe Person, "#say" do it "should say something" do ! end end Gareth Rushgrove
- 27. require 'person' ! describe Person, "#say" do it "should say something" do bob = Person.new bob.say("hello").should eq("hello everyone") end end Gareth Rushgrove
- 28. Now lets run our test. It should fail Gareth Rushgrove
- 30. Failures: 1) Person#say should say something Failure/Error: bob.say("hello").should eq("hello everyone") expected: "hello everyone" got: nil Finished in 0.00171 seconds 1 example, 1 failure Gareth Rushgrove
- 31. Now lets write the implementation Gareth Rushgrove
- 32. class Person def say(word) word + " everyone" end end Gareth Rushgrove
- 33. And run our test again Gareth Rushgrove
- 34. Person#say should say something ! Finished in 0.00199 seconds 1 example, 0 failures Gareth Rushgrove
- 35. Why not have tests automatically run whenever you change the code? Gareth Rushgrove
- 36. That’s what Guard does Gareth Rushgrove
- 37. guard :rspec, cmd: 'bundle exec rspec' do watch(%r{^spec/.+_spec.rb$}) watch(%r{^lib/.+.rb$}) { 'spec' } end Gareth Rushgrove
- 39. Lets see a quick demo Gareth Rushgrove
- 40. Why test puppet code at all (Testing declarative languages)
- 41. Modules increasingly contain logic Gareth Rushgrove
- 42. Modules increasingly take arguments Gareth Rushgrove
- 43. Modules increasingly have interfaces with other modules Gareth Rushgrove
- 44. Modules increasingly used in many operating system and version combinations Gareth Rushgrove
- 45. Modules increasingly used in many Ruby and Puppet version combinations Gareth Rushgrove
- 46. Unit testing puppet with rspec-puppet (Finally some puppet code)
- 48. A very simple puppet class Gareth Rushgrove
- 49. class sample { } Gareth Rushgrove
- 50. First write the test Gareth Rushgrove
- 51. require 'spec_helper' ! describe "sample" do it { should create_file('/tmp/sample')} end Gareth Rushgrove
- 52. Then run the test Gareth Rushgrove
- 53. sample should contain File[/tmp/sample] (FAILED - 1) ! Finished in 0.4584 seconds 1 example, 1 failure Gareth Rushgrove
- 54. And then write the (puppet) code to make the test pass Gareth Rushgrove
- 55. class sample { file { "/tmp/sample": ensure => present, } } Gareth Rushgrove
- 56. sample should contain File[/tmp/sample] ! Finished in 0.3881 seconds 1 example, 0 failures Gareth Rushgrove
- 57. Lets run the tests automatically whenever you change anything Gareth Rushgrove
- 58. guard :rspec, cmd: 'bundle exec rspec' do watch(%r{^spec/.+_spec.rb$}) watch(%r{^manifests/.+.pp$}) { 'spec' } end Gareth Rushgrove
- 59. Lets see a quick demo of that too Gareth Rushgrove
- 60. You can also test hosts, defines, facts, functions, hieradata Gareth Rushgrove
- 61. Syntax checking, linting, oh my (Creating a build process)
- 65. puppet-lint --with-filename /etc/puppet/modules foo/manifests/bar.pp: trailing whitespace found on line 1 apache/manifests/server.pp: variable not enclosed in {} on line 56 Gareth Rushgrove
- 67. Validate Puppet and ERB syntax
- 69. rake syntax ---> syntax:manifests ---> syntax:templates ---> syntax:hiera:yaml Gareth Rushgrove
- 70. What is Rake and why do we use it (Still no puppet)
- 71. Rake is a Ruby! build tool Gareth Rushgrove
- 72. It’s like Make but in Ruby Gareth Rushgrove
- 73. It’s very easy to distribute Rake tasks as Ruby gems Gareth Rushgrove
- 77. Lets make a command to run lint, syntax and spec Gareth Rushgrove
- 78. task :test => [ :syntax, :lint, :spec, ] Gareth Rushgrove
- 80. Acceptance testing with beaker (Living on the edge)
- 81. Acceptance test against real systems Gareth Rushgrove
- 82. Test what actually happens, not what is meant to happen Gareth Rushgrove
- 85. Test against different operating systems Gareth Rushgrove
- 86. HOSTS: ubuntu-server-12042-x64: roles: - master platform: ubuntu-server-12.04-amd64 box: ubuntu-server-12042-x64-vbox4210-nocm box_url: http://puppet-vagrant-boxes.puppetlabs.com/u hypervisor: vagrant ! CONFIG: log_level: verbose type: foss Gareth Rushgrove
- 87. HOSTS: centos-64-x64: roles: - master platform: el-6-x86_64 box : centos-64-x64-vbox4210-nocm box_url : http://puppet-vagrant-boxes.puppetlabs.com/ hypervisor : vagrant ! CONFIG: log_level: verbose type: foss Gareth Rushgrove
- 91. Helpers to install puppet and modules Gareth Rushgrove
- 93. puppet('module', 'install', 'puppetlabs-stdlib') Gareth Rushgrove
- 94. Test that Puppet runs without errors Gareth Rushgrove
- 95. context 'default parameters' do it 'should work with no errors' do pp = “class { 'sample': }” ! expect(apply_manifest(pp).exit_code).to_not eq(1) end end Gareth Rushgrove
- 96. Test runs are idempotent Gareth Rushgrove
- 97. context 'default parameters' do it 'should work with no errors' do pp = “class { 'sample': }” ! expect(apply_manifest(pp).exit_code).to_not eq(1) expect(apply_manifest(pp).exit_code).to eq(0) end end Gareth Rushgrove
- 98. Test that the module installs packages, run services, etc. Gareth Rushgrove
- 99. Gareth Rushgrove
- 100. describe package('nginx') do it { should be_installed } end ! describe service('nginx') do it { should be_enabled } it { should be_running } end ! describe port(80) do it { should be_listening} end Gareth Rushgrove
- 101. Other useful tools (and what we’re still missing)
- 102. Fixtures, matchers
- 103. Gareth Rushgrove
- 106. Test pull request branches too
- 107. --- language: ruby bundler_args: --without development before_install: rm Gemfile.lock || true rvm: - 1.8.7 - 1.9.3 - 2.0.0 script: bundle exec rake test env: - PUPPET_VERSION="~> 2.7.0" - PUPPET_VERSION="~> 3.1.0" - PUPPET_VERSION="~> 3.2.0" - PUPPET_VERSION="~> 3.3.0" - PUPPET_VERSION="~> 3.4.0" Gareth Rushgrove
- 109. matrix: exclude: - rvm: 2.0.0 env: PUPPET_VERSION="~> 2.7.0" - rvm: 2.0.0 env: PUPPET_VERSION="~> 3.1.0" - rvm: 1.9.3 env: PUPPET_VERSION="~> 2.7.0" Gareth Rushgrove
- 110. Experimental code coverage support in rspec-puppet master Gareth Rushgrove
- 111. at_exit { RSpec::Puppet::Coverage.report! } Gareth Rushgrove
- 112. Total resources: 24 Touched resources: 8 Resource coverage: 33.33% ! Untouched resources: Class[Nginx] File[preferences.d] Anchor[apt::update] Class[Apt::Params] File[sources.list] Exec[Required packages: 'debian-keyring debian-arch Anchor[apt::source::nginx] Class[Apt::Update] File[configure-apt-proxy] Apt::Key[Add key: 7BD9BF62 from Apt::Source nginx] Anchor[apt::key/Add key: 7BD9BF62 from Apt::Source Anchor[apt::key 7BD9BF62 present] File[nginx.list]Gareth Rushgrove
- 113. A puppet module skeleton with everything working out of the box Gareth Rushgrove
- 115. puppet module generate sample Gareth Rushgrove
- 116. A pretty complete example (The Docker module)
- 117. Gareth Rushgrove
- 118. Gareth Rushgrove Featured on the Forge
- 119. Gareth Rushgrove 50 pull request and counting
- 121. Gareth Rushgrove
- 122. Gareth Rushgrove Currently has 121 tests
- 123. 6 classes, 2 defines, 413 lines of puppet code, 387 lines of test code Gareth Rushgrove
- 124. Take away (If all you remember is…)
- 126. The first test is the hardest Gareth Rushgrove
- 127. Politely demand tests for contributions Gareth Rushgrove
- 128. Test the interface not the implementation Gareth Rushgrove
- 129. Questions? (And thanks for listening)