Enviar pesquisa
Carregar
Nad sep-13
•
0 gostou
•
172 visualizações
P
Pruthvi Azad
Seguir
Denunciar
Compartilhar
Denunciar
Compartilhar
1 de 48
Baixar agora
Baixar para ler offline
Recomendados
Nad feb-13
Nad feb-13
Pruthvi Azad
Nad sep-12
Nad sep-12
Pruthvi Azad
Nad mar-13
Nad mar-13
Pruthvi Azad
Nad june f
Nad june f
Pruthvi Azad
Nad apr-14 final
Nad apr-14 final
Pruthvi Azad
Nad dec-12
Nad dec-12
Pruthvi Azad
Nad aug-sep-11
Nad aug-sep-11
Pruthvi Azad
Nad june-11
Nad june-11
Pruthvi Azad
Recomendados
Nad feb-13
Nad feb-13
Pruthvi Azad
Nad sep-12
Nad sep-12
Pruthvi Azad
Nad mar-13
Nad mar-13
Pruthvi Azad
Nad june f
Nad june f
Pruthvi Azad
Nad apr-14 final
Nad apr-14 final
Pruthvi Azad
Nad dec-12
Nad dec-12
Pruthvi Azad
Nad aug-sep-11
Nad aug-sep-11
Pruthvi Azad
Nad june-11
Nad june-11
Pruthvi Azad
Nad may-14 final
Nad may-14 final
Pruthvi Azad
February 2015
February 2015
Pruthvi Azad
57 may-june2007
57 may-june2007
Pruthvi Azad
61 jan-feb 2008
61 jan-feb 2008
Pruthvi Azad
Annavaram Aradhana Magazine 2
Annavaram Aradhana Magazine 2
Indian Servers
Corruption
Corruption
Freshersadda
May june'12 final
May june'12 final
Naveen Sarimalla
" ప్రొద్దుతిరుగుడు " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
" ప్రొద్దుతిరుగుడు " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
KACHARAGADLA MEDIA CORP
Tib e-nabavi
Tib e-nabavi
syed abdussalam
Satyadevuni vaibhavam
Satyadevuni vaibhavam
Indian Servers
" ప్రత్తి " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
" ప్రత్తి " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
KACHARAGADLA MEDIA CORP
Nad august-12
Nad august-12
Pruthvi Azad
53 sep-oct2006
53 sep-oct2006
Pruthvi Azad
Telangana Praja Front Manifesto
Telangana Praja Front Manifesto
Pruthvi Azad
58 july-aug 2007
58 july-aug 2007
Pruthvi Azad
Ab surah-001-telugu-quran-ahsanul-bayan
Ab surah-001-telugu-quran-ahsanul-bayan
teluguislam.net
Karapatram tpf 24-06-14
Karapatram tpf 24-06-14
Pruthvi Azad
Veekshanam july
Veekshanam july
Prudhvi Azad
Anandasiddhi
Anandasiddhi
ivamsee
March 2014 color
March 2014 color
Rev Tukaram
Nad july f
Nad july f
Pruthvi Azad
March 2015
March 2015
Pruthvi Azad
Mais conteúdo relacionado
Mais procurados
Nad may-14 final
Nad may-14 final
Pruthvi Azad
February 2015
February 2015
Pruthvi Azad
57 may-june2007
57 may-june2007
Pruthvi Azad
61 jan-feb 2008
61 jan-feb 2008
Pruthvi Azad
Annavaram Aradhana Magazine 2
Annavaram Aradhana Magazine 2
Indian Servers
Corruption
Corruption
Freshersadda
May june'12 final
May june'12 final
Naveen Sarimalla
" ప్రొద్దుతిరుగుడు " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
" ప్రొద్దుతిరుగుడు " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
KACHARAGADLA MEDIA CORP
Tib e-nabavi
Tib e-nabavi
syed abdussalam
Satyadevuni vaibhavam
Satyadevuni vaibhavam
Indian Servers
" ప్రత్తి " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
" ప్రత్తి " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
KACHARAGADLA MEDIA CORP
Nad august-12
Nad august-12
Pruthvi Azad
53 sep-oct2006
53 sep-oct2006
Pruthvi Azad
Telangana Praja Front Manifesto
Telangana Praja Front Manifesto
Pruthvi Azad
58 july-aug 2007
58 july-aug 2007
Pruthvi Azad
Ab surah-001-telugu-quran-ahsanul-bayan
Ab surah-001-telugu-quran-ahsanul-bayan
teluguislam.net
Karapatram tpf 24-06-14
Karapatram tpf 24-06-14
Pruthvi Azad
Veekshanam july
Veekshanam july
Prudhvi Azad
Anandasiddhi
Anandasiddhi
ivamsee
March 2014 color
March 2014 color
Rev Tukaram
Mais procurados
(20)
Nad may-14 final
Nad may-14 final
February 2015
February 2015
57 may-june2007
57 may-june2007
61 jan-feb 2008
61 jan-feb 2008
Annavaram Aradhana Magazine 2
Annavaram Aradhana Magazine 2
Corruption
Corruption
May june'12 final
May june'12 final
" ప్రొద్దుతిరుగుడు " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
" ప్రొద్దుతిరుగుడు " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
Tib e-nabavi
Tib e-nabavi
Satyadevuni vaibhavam
Satyadevuni vaibhavam
" ప్రత్తి " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
" ప్రత్తి " పంటకు సంబందించి తరచుగా అడిగే ప్రశ్నలు
Nad august-12
Nad august-12
53 sep-oct2006
53 sep-oct2006
Telangana Praja Front Manifesto
Telangana Praja Front Manifesto
58 july-aug 2007
58 july-aug 2007
Ab surah-001-telugu-quran-ahsanul-bayan
Ab surah-001-telugu-quran-ahsanul-bayan
Karapatram tpf 24-06-14
Karapatram tpf 24-06-14
Veekshanam july
Veekshanam july
Anandasiddhi
Anandasiddhi
March 2014 color
March 2014 color
Destaque
Nad july f
Nad july f
Pruthvi Azad
March 2015
March 2015
Pruthvi Azad
Final jan 15
Final jan 15
Pruthvi Azad
Guia 4to-P Progra-Aplic-2
Guia 4to-P Progra-Aplic-2
Ma Isabel Arriaga
Nad july final-14
Nad july final-14
Pruthvi Azad
Nad may-13
Nad may-13
Pruthvi Azad
Nad jan-13
Nad jan-13
Pruthvi Azad
Bollettino marzo 2015 SICCH
Bollettino marzo 2015 SICCH
anemo_site
Blogger.com
Blogger.com
watchari03
Nad august
Nad august
Pruthvi Azad
43 sep 14
43 sep 14
Pruthvi Azad
Dec. final 2014 (1)
Dec. final 2014 (1)
Pruthvi Azad
Banana sucker selection
Banana sucker selection
Rahul Mane
تلخيص مادة قانون الالتزامات والعقود
تلخيص مادة قانون الالتزامات والعقود
souemane
3m-clear-solutions-for-ftth-white-paper
3m-clear-solutions-for-ftth-white-paper
John Sherard
Destaque
(15)
Nad july f
Nad july f
March 2015
March 2015
Final jan 15
Final jan 15
Guia 4to-P Progra-Aplic-2
Guia 4to-P Progra-Aplic-2
Nad july final-14
Nad july final-14
Nad may-13
Nad may-13
Nad jan-13
Nad jan-13
Bollettino marzo 2015 SICCH
Bollettino marzo 2015 SICCH
Blogger.com
Blogger.com
Nad august
Nad august
43 sep 14
43 sep 14
Dec. final 2014 (1)
Dec. final 2014 (1)
Banana sucker selection
Banana sucker selection
تلخيص مادة قانون الالتزامات والعقود
تلخيص مادة قانون الالتزامات والعقود
3m-clear-solutions-for-ftth-white-paper
3m-clear-solutions-for-ftth-white-paper
Mais de Pruthvi Azad
TPF Manifesto
TPF Manifesto
Pruthvi Azad
Anti-Polavaram
Anti-Polavaram
Pruthvi Azad
Tpf pamplent 28 10
Tpf pamplent 28 10
Pruthvi Azad
Tpf one 4th crown pamplent
Tpf one 4th crown pamplent
Pruthvi Azad
Tpf one 4th crown pamplent (1)
Tpf one 4th crown pamplent (1)
Pruthvi Azad
Pamplent cown praja frount
Pamplent cown praja frount
Pruthvi Azad
Pamplent cown praja frount (1)
Pamplent cown praja frount (1)
Pruthvi Azad
One fourth tpf
One fourth tpf
Pruthvi Azad
Tpf letter pad 2015 04 09
Tpf letter pad 2015 04 09
Pruthvi Azad
Tpf karapatram 2015 04 10
Tpf karapatram 2015 04 10
Pruthvi Azad
Varavara Rao's Article
Varavara Rao's Article
Pruthvi Azad
Afspa licence to kill frontline
Afspa licence to kill frontline
Pruthvi Azad
2014 06-21 050711-polavaram_thr
2014 06-21 050711-polavaram_thr
Pruthvi Azad
2014 04-01 063459-palamuru
2014 04-01 063459-palamuru
Pruthvi Azad
2014 03-28 141211-eguram
2014 03-28 141211-eguram
Pruthvi Azad
2014 03-28 140558-pranahita
2014 03-28 140558-pranahita
Pruthvi Azad
2014 03-28 132225-farmer1
2014 03-28 132225-farmer1
Pruthvi Azad
2014 03-28 131848-farmerstruggle2
2014 03-28 131848-farmerstruggle2
Pruthvi Azad
2014 03-28 131427-biranpally_1948
2014 03-28 131427-biranpally_1948
Pruthvi Azad
2014 03-28 125115-krota_vekuva_kosam (1)
2014 03-28 125115-krota_vekuva_kosam (1)
Pruthvi Azad
Mais de Pruthvi Azad
(20)
TPF Manifesto
TPF Manifesto
Anti-Polavaram
Anti-Polavaram
Tpf pamplent 28 10
Tpf pamplent 28 10
Tpf one 4th crown pamplent
Tpf one 4th crown pamplent
Tpf one 4th crown pamplent (1)
Tpf one 4th crown pamplent (1)
Pamplent cown praja frount
Pamplent cown praja frount
Pamplent cown praja frount (1)
Pamplent cown praja frount (1)
One fourth tpf
One fourth tpf
Tpf letter pad 2015 04 09
Tpf letter pad 2015 04 09
Tpf karapatram 2015 04 10
Tpf karapatram 2015 04 10
Varavara Rao's Article
Varavara Rao's Article
Afspa licence to kill frontline
Afspa licence to kill frontline
2014 06-21 050711-polavaram_thr
2014 06-21 050711-polavaram_thr
2014 04-01 063459-palamuru
2014 04-01 063459-palamuru
2014 03-28 141211-eguram
2014 03-28 141211-eguram
2014 03-28 140558-pranahita
2014 03-28 140558-pranahita
2014 03-28 132225-farmer1
2014 03-28 132225-farmer1
2014 03-28 131848-farmerstruggle2
2014 03-28 131848-farmerstruggle2
2014 03-28 131427-biranpally_1948
2014 03-28 131427-biranpally_1948
2014 03-28 125115-krota_vekuva_kosam (1)
2014 03-28 125115-krota_vekuva_kosam (1)
Nad sep-13
1.
Q“~°= ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩÅ∞ „á⁄IIJ_»Ñ¨ ã¨`«º<å~åÜ«∞} ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩ_çL`«Î~°O PHÍâ◊O^Œ∞ódã¨∞ÎOk ‰õΩO_»áÈ`«QÍ... J_»q
#=Ùfi`«∞Ok Pk"åã≤Ñ≤Å¡ÖÏ _Õ~å H˜O^Œ W^ŒÌ~°∞ ÔQiÖÏ¡Å∞ ã‘`åHÀHõzÅ∞HõÖÏ¡... ÃãO„˜=zÛJ<åfl_»∞ ''"åo¡^ŒÌ~°∞qѨ¡=„¿Ñq∞‰õΩÅx—— Ü«∞=fi#ѨÙã¨fiáêflÅ∞ áê~°∞`«∞#fl"åQÆ∞JOK«∞# [x‡ã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú WѨÙ_»∞ JO^Œ~°O ^ŒO_»HÍ~°}Ϻxfl„¿Ñq∞^•ÌO. ~°K«#Å∞, K«O^•Å∞, q~åàÏÅ∞ ѨOѨ=eû# z~°∞<å=∂ ¿ãflǨÏÅ`« ZO., WO.<≥O.1–1–305, ÉÏÖÏr HÍÅh, "≥∂ǨÏ<£#QÆ~ü, H˘`«Î¿Ñò ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£–500 035 #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl`≥ÅOQÍ}=∂㨠Ѩ„uHõ #∂~°∞ ѨÓÅ∞ qHõã≤OK«h, "Õ~Ú PÖ’K«#Å∞ ã¨OѶ¨∞i¬OK«h J#fl@∞¡ „Ѩ*Ï#∞‰õÄÅ"≥∞ÿ# aè#fl PÖ’K«#ʼnõΩ =∂ Ѩ„uHõÖ’ KÀ@∞O@∞Ok. Hõ#∞Hõ D Ѩ„uHõÖ’ =Ú„kOz# Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å∞ ~°K«~Ú`«Å"Õ. ã¨Oáê^ŒHõ =~åæxH˜ UH©ÉèÏ=O LO_»#=ã¨~°O ÖË^Œ∞. 1#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} W."≥∞~ÚÖò:–nadusthunnatelangana@gmail.com ÃãÃÑìO|~ü 2013 ã¨OѨ٘: 3 ã¨OzHõ: 9 ã¨ÅǨ =∞O_»e P‰õΩÅ Éèí∂=∞Ü«∞º Ãã·<£û ã¨∂Ѩ~ü"≥·[~ü(i>ˇÿ~ü¤)SCERT-AP JÅ¡O <å~åÜ«∞} Z_ç@~ü–#=∞¿ãÎ `≥ÅOQÍ} z‰õΩ¯_»∞ „ѨÉèÏHõ~ü J_»fiˆHò–<åºÜ«∞ ã¨ÅǨ ^•~°∞ ã¨Oáê^ŒHõ =~°æO _®IIZ.ã≤Öχ<åÜ«∞H± „HÍOu "Õ∞<Õ[~ü ZO. ÉÏÅ∞<åÜ«∞H± á¶È<£ <≥O.: 8008918475, 9290745490 ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩ_»∞ _®IIã≤.HÍjO Jã≤ÃãìOò „á⁄ÃѶã¨~ü [~°fleã¨∞ì ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞ ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩ~åÅ∞ ¿ãflǨÏÅ`« ZO. #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} JH“Oò <≥O|~ü: 62254225854 ZãπaÃÇÏKü, ~åOHÀiî„ÉÏOKü(20350), ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ PQÆãπì 29, 2013
2.
2#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} `≥ÅOQÍ}`˘=fi 1. ã¨Oáê^ŒH©Ü«∞O ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£
HÀã¨"Õ∞ D ÖÁe¡ 3 2. #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl HÍÅO _ÀÖÏÜ«∞=∂# ã≤÷uÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ìO -P‰õΩÅÉèí∂=∞Ü«∞º 4-6 =zÛOk „ѨHõ@<Õ. . `≥ÅOQÍ} U~°Ê_Õ =~°‰õΩ #=∞‡ÖËO! -Z.#iûOǨ Ô~_ç¤ 7-13 =∂~°∞`«∞#fl *ˇO_®Å∞-Z*O_®Å∞ -_®IIl.ÅK«ÛÜ«∞º 14-21 F@¡ H˘~°‰õΩ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ „Ѩ[Å =∞^茺 zK«∞Û -ã≤.ÃÇÏKü.=∞^èŒ∞ 22 „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞ºOÖ’ ^Œo`« F@~°∞ -ã≤.H˜~°}ü‰õΩ=∂~ü 23-24 „Ѩ[Å∞ HÀˆ~k Éè∫uHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} HÍ^Œ∞ -Zãπ.ã¨∞^è•Hõ~ü 25 3. ™êÇ≤Ï`«ºO ''áêÅ=¸~°∞ ™ê=∂#∞ºÅ |`«∞‰õΩÅ z„`«}—— –g~°„|Ǩ ‡Kåi 26–27 'ã¨OkèOz# ÉÏ}O— –Zãπ.K«O„^ŒÜ«∞º 28–30 4. K«^Œ∞=Ù-„Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ q^•ºq^è•#O –_®IIU~°∞H˘O_»#~°ã≤OǨï_»∞31-32 5. Pk"åã≤ Q˘O`«∞ U*ˇhû „áêO`«OÖ’ q^•ºÇ¨Ï‰õΩ¯ K«@ìO JÉèÏã¨∞áêÅ∞ –ÅH©∆‡Ñ¨u=∞OK≥Å 33-34 6. K«~°Û „Ѩu"åã¨ÎqHõ`« JO>Ë J"åã¨ÎqHõ`« –a.Ãã·^Œ∞Å∞ 35-39 7. ~å[º x~°ƒO^èŒO ZO`«HÍÅO D ǨÏ`«ºÅ∞? –WѨÊg~åÔ~_ç¤ 40 ~å[º x~°ƒO^èŒO –"Õ=ÚÅQÀÑ≤<å^ä£ 41-42 8. ã≤OQƈ~}˜ ã¨OQÆ`«∞Å∞ ã≤OQƈ~}˜Å |`«∞‰õΩ ã‘Hõ>Ë –"≥<≥flÅ 43–45 9. ÖËY [~°™ÈKÀÉèÏÜü∞ –Nâ◊√Hõ 46–48
3.
ã¨Oáê^ŒH©Ü«∞O ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£HÀã¨"Õ∞DÖÁe¡ ''HÀÏ¡k [## =∞~°}ÏÅ
™êH˜∆QÍ 400Uà◊√¡U=∞x+≤|uÔH#∞ <åÅ∞QÆ∞ â◊`åÉÏÌÅ g∞^Œ∞QÍ Ñ¨Ü«∞xOz# ÉèÏQƺ#QÆ~°O `«Ñ¨Ê!—— Jx kQÆO|~° HõqQÍ ¿Ñ~°∞ á⁄Ok# xdÖËâ◊fi~ü '<åÅ∞QÆ∞ â◊`åÉÏÌÅ ™êH˜∆QÍ <å =∞Ǩ #QÆ~°O—ÃÑ· Hõq`«fiO ~åâß_»∞. ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£‰õΩ 400 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞ xO_ç# ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ 1991Ö’ D Hõq`«#∞ ~åâß_»∞. <å #QÆ~°OÖ’ „Ѩ[Å∞ =∞Ǩ ã¨=Ú„^ŒOÖ’ KÕѨÖÏ¡ xO_çáÈ"åÅx ‰õΩe ‰õΩ`«∞Éòëê K≥Ñ≤Ê# "åHõºO`À D Hõq`« „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿOk. "ÕÖÏk `≥ÅOQÍ} =∞˜ìQÀ_»Å#∞ ‰õÄeÛ D #QÆ~°O x~å‡}"≥∞ÿOk. Hõ+¨ìr=ÙÅ ~°HõÎOÖ’ D =∞Ǩ #QÆ~°O ѨÙ~°∞_»∞ áÈã¨∞‰õΩOk. Ô~·`«∞ g~°∞Å ¿ãfi^Œ [ÅO <≥·*ÏO‰õΩ J`«Î~°~ÚOk. lˆQÖò=∞O@∞#fl ѨÙ<å^Œ∞Ö’¡ tkäÅ "Õ^Œ#Å∞ =¸Å∞æ`«∞<åfl~Ú. „âßq∞Hõ |O*Ï~å QÆ∞O_≥Å g∞^Œ x~å‡}"≥∞ÿ# |O*Ï~å, Ea¡Ç≤ÏÖòû. WÏ¡ #QÆ~° x~å‡}O QÆ∞iOz xdÖËâ◊fi~ü J^Œ∞ƒù`«OQÍ Ñ¨Å=iOKå_»∞. =∂~°∞`«∞#fl, =∂i# #QÆ~° rq`«O Ѩ@¡ XH˜O`« ÉÏ^èŒ#∞ =ºHõÎO KÕ™ê_»∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} ~°HõÎ =∂O™êÅ`À x~å‡}"≥∞ÿ# D ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ HÀã¨"Õ∞ HÀ™êÎ, ~åÜ«∞Å „áêO`«OÖ’ QÆ`« 30 ~ÀAÅ∞QÍ „ѨuѶ¨∂`«Hõ PO^Àà◊# [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. Ñ≤_çÔH_»∞ =∞Ok L^ÀºQÆ∞Å HÀã¨O, =O^ŒÖ’Ѩ٠LO_Õ ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•~°∞Å „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨O D PO^Àà◊# #_»∞ã¨∞Î#flk. x*ÏxH˜ HÀÏ¡k „â◊=∞r=ÙÅ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ∞ D PO^Àà◊#Ö’ =∞K«∞ÛÔH·<å ÖË=Ù. D "åã¨Î"åÅ∞ `≥eÜ«∞‰õΩO_® HÀ™êÎ g∞_çÜ«∂ `«# áê„`«#∞ xifiѶ¨∞flOQÍ H˘#™êyã¨∞ÎOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ q_çáÈ=_®xH˜ XHõ „áêuѨkHõ L#fl>Ë¡, HÀ™êÎ, ~åÜ«∞Å „Ѩ[Å`À Hõeã¨∞O_»ÏxH˜ ‰õÄ_® „áêuѨkHõ LO_®e. ÖË^Œ<Õ "åã¨Î=O J~°"≥· Uà◊√¡QÍ ~°∞A"≥·Ok. Hõ#∞Hõ ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº ÉèÏ=#‰õΩ `å"Õ ÖË^Œ∞. J^˘Hõ TǨÏÖÏ q∞yeáÈ=@"Õ∞ W~°∞„áêO`åÅ „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ =∞Ozk. WO`«‰õΩ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ Jaè=$kúÖ’ HÀ™êÎ, ~åÜ«∞Å "åã¨∞Å áê„`« ZO`«x uiy K«∂ã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë ^Œ∞óYO HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ K«∞@∂ì LO_Õ Q˘Å∞ã¨∞ Hõ@∞ì K≥~°∞=ÙÅ∞ iÜ«∞Öò Z¿ãìò Hõ@ì_®Å H˜O^Œ K«zÛáÈÜ«∂~Ú. =¸ã≤#k ÃÑ<åfl #kÖÏ =∂iáÈ~ÚOk. P #kx K«∂_»QÍ<Õ `≥<Õfl˜ qâ◊fiO QÆ∞~°∞ΉõΩ =™êÎ_»∞. ^Õâ◊OÖ’<Õ J`«ºkèHõ HÍÅ∞+¨ºO L#fl #QÆ~°OQÍ #"≥∂^Œ~ÚOk. Jaè=$kÌ "≥Å∞QÆ∞ h_»Å∞ #QÆ~°O xO_® Ѩ~°∞Û‰õΩ<åfl~Ú. ѨK«Û˜ #QÆ~°OÖ’ HÀ™êÎ, ~åÜ«∞Å ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•~°∞Å∞ xѨCÅ∞ áÈ™ê~°∞. JÃãOc¡ Éèí=#O, L™ê‡xÜ«∂ Ǩ ã¨Ê@Öò, P~üìû HõàÏâßÅ, ѨÅH±#∂=∂ áêºÖˇãπ WOHÍ... WOHÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å K≥=∞@`À x~å‡}=∞Ü«∂º~Ú. HÀ™êÎ, ~åÜ«∞Å "åã¨∞Å∞ KÕã≤# Jaè=$kú ^èŒfiOã¨O KÕÜ«∞@"Õ∞. ÃÇ·Ï>ˇH±ã≤˜, ÃѶ¡F=~ü x~å‡}ÏÅ∞ „ѨѨOK« ÉϺO‰õΩ P^ÕâßÅ`À ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç HÀã¨O x~å‡}=∞Ü«∂º~Ú. Hõhã¨O Wq HÀ™êÎ, ~åÜ«∞Å ¿Ñ^Œ „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_Õq HÍ=Ù. Hõ#∞Hõ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ =Ú=∂‡˜H˜ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ŠǨωõΩ¯. J~Ú`Õ Ãã*òÅ ¿Ñ~°∞`À P„Hõq∞OK«∞‰õΩ#fl Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞, ^ÀÑ≤_ç ~°∂áêÖˇ·# HõOÃÑhÅ∞, ã≤x=∂ Ѩi„â◊=∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ L<åfl~Ú. ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£Ö’ L<åfl~Ú. g˜H˜ ~°Hõ∆} HÍ"åe. Hõ#∞Hõ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ K«∞>Ëì HÀ™êÎ, ~åÜ«∞Å <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ ~å[H©Ü«∞O #_»∞ѨÙ`«∞<åfl~°∞. K«i„`«Ö’ ^ÀÑ≤_ç^•~°∞Å∞ `«=∞ ^ÀÑ≤_çx ã≤÷~°Ñ¨~°∞Û HÀ=ÏxH˜ J<ÕHõ „Ѩܫ∞`åflÅ∞ KÕ™ê~°∞. ~å[^è•x q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ Wk H˘ÁìzÛ#@∞¡ Hõ#|_»∞`«∞Ok. `«q∞à◊<å_»∞ #∞Oz q_çáÈ~Ú PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìO U~°Ê_ç#ѨC_»∞ HÀ™êÎ ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•~°∞Å∞ =∞„^•ãπ#∞ `«=∞‰õΩ W=∞‡x J_çQÍ~°∞. ÖË^• L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•x KÕÜ«∞=∞<åfl~°∞. Jn HÍHõáÈ`Õ ˆHO„^Œ áêe`« „áêO`«OQÍ LOK«=∞<åfl~°∞. gà◊¡ áêzHõÅ∞ áê~°Hõ áÈÜÕ∞ã¨iH˜ Hõ~°∂flÖò ~å[^è•xQÍ PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìO U~°Ê_çOk. =∞„^•ãπ HÀã¨O á⁄˜ì N~å=ÚÅ∞ KÕã≤# P=∞~°} x~åǨ ~° nHõ∆ =$^è• J~ÚOk. WHõ QÆ∞[~åfÅ∞ ÉÁOÉÏ~Úx `«=∞‰õΩ W"åfiÅ<åfl~°∞. Hõ#∞Hõ W"åfià◊ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ HÀã¨O HÀ™êÎ, ~åÜ«∞Å ^ÀÑ≤_ç^•~°∞Å∞ ÖÁe¡ KÕÜ«∞@O qz„`«"Õ∞q∞ HÍ^Œ∞. ^ÀÑ≤_ç^•~°∞Å K«i„`«#∞ H˘#™êyOѨÙQÍ<Õ nxx K«∂_®e. ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£#∞ D Ѩ^Õà◊√¡ J~Ú<å L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•xQÍ LOKÕ ‰õΩ„@#∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ =ºuˆ~H˜OKåe. "≥O@<Õ HÀ™êÎÖ’ ~å[^è•x x~å‡}ÏxH˜ „Ѩܫ∞`åflÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ÃÑÏìÅx _ç=∂O_£ KÕÜ«∂e. P<å_»∞ K«O_ôQÆ_è£#∞ H˘O`«HÍÅO L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•x Jx J<åfl~°∞. HÍx Jk WѨʘH˜ H˘#™êQÆ∞`«∞#flk. WÏ¡O˜ ‰õΩ„@ U^À ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ [~°∞QÆÉ’`«∞O^Œx JxÊã¨∞ÎOk. ˆHO„^ŒO KÕ`«∞Ö’¡H˜ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ "≥o¡O^ŒO>Ë WHõ¯_» áœ~°, „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º ǨωõΩ¯Å‰õΩ `å"Õ LO_»^Œ∞. XHõ ~°HõOQÍ q∞Å@s áêÅ# H˘#™êQÆ=K«∞Û#∞. J^Õ [iy`Õ W<Õflà◊√¡QÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ áÈ~å_ç ™êkèOK«∞‰õΩ#fl ǨωõΩ¯Åxfl HÍÅ~åÜ«∞|_»∞`å~Ú. Hõ#∞Hõ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ JO`«~åƒùQÆO. `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„ëêìxˆH ~å[^è•xQÍ LO@∞Ok. "≥O@<Õ HÀ™êÎÖ’ =∞~À ~å[^è•x x~å‡}ÏxH˜ ˆHO„^ŒO K˘~°= K«∂áêÅ<Õ _ç=∂O_£û`À =∞#O áÈ~å_»HõáÈ`Õ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ f„=OQÍ #+¨ìáÈÜÕ∞ „Ѩ=∂^ŒO LOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} ^ŒàÏi <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiO Ö’áêÜ«∞HÍiQÍ ˆHO„^ŒO`À ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ HÀ™êÎ, ~åÜ«∞Å ^ÀÑ≤_ç^•~°∞ʼnõΩ J#∞‰õÄÅ"≥∞ÿ# XѨÊO^ŒO ‰õΩ^Œ∞~°∞Û‰õΩ#fl@∞¡ "å~°ÎÅ∞ qxÊã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. W^Õ x["≥∞ÿ`Õ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ f~°x J<åºÜ«∞O [~°QÆÉ’`«∞Ok. Hõ#∞Hõ „Ѩ[Å∞ *ÏQÆ∞~°∂Hõ`«`À LO_ç ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£#∞ ~°H˜∆OK«∞HÀ"åe. T 3 ÃãÃÑìO|~ü, 2013
4.
4#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} _ÀÖÏÜ«∞=∂#ã≤÷uÖ’`≥ÅOQÍ}~å¢+¨ìO -P‰õΩÅ Éèí∂=∞Ü«∞º `≥ÅOQÍ}
~å¢+¨ì ™ê^èŒ# JOâ◊O XHõ H˘eH˜¯ =KÕÛ Ñ¨iã≤÷u Hõ#|_»_»O ÖË^Œ∞. QÆ`« AÖˇ· 30# HÍO„ÔQãπ =i¯OQ∑ Hõq∞© XHõ x~°‚Ü«∞O KÕã≤ „ѨHõ˜OzOk. JO`«‰õΩ =ÚO^Õ Ü«ÚÑ≤Z- 2 ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=∞º ѨH∆ÍÅ`À ã¨=∂"Õâ◊O "Õã≤ UHõ„w=OQÍ x~°‚Ü«∞O KÕã≤ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ „ѨHõ˜OKå~°∞. `≥ÅOQÍ}ÃÑ· ã¨O„ѨkOѨÙŠѨ~°fiO J~ÚáÈ~ÚO^Œx `«∞k „ѨHõ@# ~å„u 7.30 QÆO@ʼnõΩ kyfi[Üü∞ã≤OQ∑ KÕâß_»∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ìO U~åÊ@∞ KÕ™êÎ=∞x, ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ JO`«~åƒùQÆ=∞x, ã‘=∂O„^èŒ∞ʼnõΩ XHõ H˘`«Î ~å[^è•x U~°Ê_®Åx, JѨʘ^•HÍ 10 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ =~°‰õΩ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•xQÍ LO@∞O^Œx, áÈÅ=~°O „áê*ˇ‰õΩì‰õΩ *ÏfÜ«∞™ê÷~Ú Ç¨ÏŸ^• HõeÊ™êÎ=∞x P „ѨHõ@# ™ê~åOâ◊O. áÈÅ=~°O U~åÊ@∞#∞ z~°HÍÅOQÍ =ºuˆ~H˜ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ Wk Jâ◊xáê`«O ÖÏO˜k. 10 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞ L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•xQÍ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞#∞OK«_»O J<Õk KÕ^Œ∞ QÆ∞oHõ. J~Ú<å `≥ÅOQÍ} =ã¨∞ÎOk Hõ^• J<Õ ã¨O`À+¨OÖ’ g˜x KåÖÏ=∞Ok `≥ÅOQÍ} "åã¨∞Å∞ ÖˇHõ¯ KÕÜ«∞ÖË^Œ∞. =∞~°∞<å_Õ Hͺa<≥ò x~°‚Ü«∞O LO@∞O^Œx, P `«~åfi`« Hͺa<≥ò <À@∞ `«Ü«∂~°∞KÕã≤ P"≥∂kOz ~å¢+¨ìѨuH˜ ѨOѨÙ`å~°x, =~å¬HÍÅ áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞ ã¨=∂"ÕâßÖ’¡<Õ aÅ∞¡#∞ P"≥∂kOK«_®xH˜ Jxfl K«~°ºÅ∞ fã¨∞‰õΩOÏ=∞x HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì `≥eÑ≤Ok. 90 ~ÀAÖ’¡, 120 ~ÀAÖ’¡ ÖË^• QÆi+¨ìOQÍ 180 ~ÀAÖ’¡ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ì U~åÊ@∞ „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ ѨÓ~°Î=Ù`«∞O^Œx `≥eáê~°∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞, L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞Å∞ J#∞=∂<åÅ`À<Õ J~Ú<å ã¨O|∞~åÅ∞ [~°∞ѨÙH˘<åfl~°∞. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ∞ʼnõΩ Jxfl~°HÍÅ ~°Hõ∆}Å∞ HõeÊ™êÎ=∞x "åi Éèí„^Œ`« =∂^ŒO>Ë =∂^Œx `≥ÅOQÍ} "å^Œ∞ÖË áÈ©Å∞ Ѩ_ç "åQÍÌ<åÅ∞ KÕâß~°∞. WO^Œ∞Ö’ `«=∞ =∂@ <≥QÆæÖË^Œx H˜~°}ü‰õΩ=∂~ü Ô~_ç¤ Jey ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞‰õΩ =¿ãÎ, ÉÁ`«û ã¨`«º<å~åÜ«∞} „Ѩuã¨ÊO^Œ# =∂=¸Å∞QÍ<Õ LOk. ÔHã≤P~ü =∂„`«O ~å¢+¨ì U~åÊ@∞ „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞Ö’ `«# áê„`« ÖË#O^Œ∞‰õΩ ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_»¤@∞ì HõxÑ≤OzOk. =ÚÉèÏ=OQÍ<Õ J~Ú<å „Ñ¨Hõ@# Ѩ@¡ ǨÏ~°¬O "≥e|∞K«Û_»O [iyOk. J~Ú`Õ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ÖÏc~Úã¨∞ìÅ∞ Pâ◊ X^Œ∞Å∞HÀÖË^Œ∞. ™êÔH â‹·Å*Ï<å^ä£, QÍ^≥ "≥OHõ@Ô~_ç¤ ÖÏO˜ "åà◊√¡ =ÚO^Œ∞ HÍ=Óix Ô~K«ÛQ˘Ïì~°∞. `«~åfi`« H˘kÌ=∞Ok =∞O„`«∞Å∞ QÆOÏ Nx"åã¨~å=Ù <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiOÖ’ ~år<å=∂Å∞ KÕ™êÎ=∞x ɡkiOK«_»O K«∂âß=Ú. H˜~°}ü ‰õΩ=∂~üÔ~_ç¤ÃÑ· ~år<å=∂‰õΩ XuÎ_ç `≥KåÛ~°∞. DÖ’QÍ Hͺa<≥ò <À@∞ `«Ü«∂~°∞KÕÜ«∞_»O QÍh, Hͺa<≥ò x~°‚Ü«∞O QÍh "≥Å∞=_»HõáÈQÍ =~å¬HÍÅ ã¨=∂"ÕâßÖ’¡ aÅ∞¡ =KÕÛ Ñ¨iã≤÷u ÖË^Œx Kå=Ù Hõ|∞~°∞ K«Å¡QÍ K≥Ñ≤Ê J<å~ÀQƺ=∞x Pã¨∞Ѩ„uÖ’ KÕ~å_»∞ +≤O_Õ. Hͺa<≥ò x~°‚Ü«∞O WѨʘH© HÍÖË^Œ∞, ã¨iHõ^• Hõ$„u=∞ ã¨"≥∞ÿHͺO„^èŒ L^Œº=∞O =∞m¡ „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿOk. „ѨÉèí∞`«fi „áÈ`åûǨÏO`À L^Œº=∞O ã‘=∂O„^èŒ JO`«Ï qã¨ÎiOzOk. H˜~°}ü‰õΩ=∂~üÔ~_ç¤ L^Œº=∞O(âßOuÜ«Ú`«OQÍ) KÕã¨∞HÀ=K«Ûx ã¨∂zOKå~°∞. k<Õ+πÔ~_ç¤ _èçb¡ Ѩ~°º@#Å∞ [~°∞ѨÙ`«∂<Õ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ Wëê~å KÕâß_»∞. ÅQÆ_»áê˜, QÆOÏ Nx"åã¨~å=Ù ÖÏO˜"å~°∞ P[ºO áÈÜ«∞_®xH˜ ZšѨC_»∂ ã≤^ŒúOQÍ<Õ LOÏ~°∞. q„QÆǨ Å∞ HÍe ‰õÄÖÏ~Ú. *ÏfÜ«∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ "≥∞_»Ö’¡ K≥ѨCÅ ^ŒO_»Å∞ "≥eâß~Ú. ™ÈxÜ«∂ QÍOnèH˜, ÔHã≤P~üH˜ ÃÑo¡ÖÏO˜ qHõ$`« K«~°ºÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® KÀ@∞ KÕã¨∞H˘<åfl~Ú. PO„^èŒ, N "≥OHõ>Ëâ◊fi~° qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∂Ö’¡ q^•º~°∞÷Å∞ ¿ãfiK«ÛùQÍ L^Œº=∂Å∞ KÕã¨∞H˘<åfl~°∞. áÈbã¨∞Å *Ï_»ÖË^Œ∞. ZHõ¯_≥·<å áÈbã¨∞Å∞ Hõ#|_ç<å "åà◊√¡ ÔH"≥∞~åÅ`À á¶⁄’Å∞ fã¨∂Î ~åºbʼnõΩ W~°∞ „ѨHõ¯ÖÏ L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ ~°Hõ∆}HÍ J#fl@∞¡ „Hõ=∞tHõ∆}`À J>ˇ#¬<£Ö’ xÅ|_ç ^Œ~°≈#q∞KåÛ~°∞. L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞Å∞ |ã¨∞ûÅ#∞, q„QÆǨ Å#∞ ^èŒfiOã¨O KÕã¨∞ÎO>Ë KÀ^ŒºO K«∂ã¨∂Î P#OkOKå~°∞ `«Ñ¨Ê J_»∞¤H˘<Õ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO á⁄~°áê@∞# ‰õÄ_® KÕÜ«∞ÖË^Œ∞. JO>Ë ã‘=∂O„^èŒ áêÅ#Ö’ `≥ÅOQÍ}, ã‘=∂O„^èŒ „áêO`åÅÖ’ „Ѩ*Ï L^Œº=∂ŠѨ@¡ ѨHõ∆áê`« "≥·Yi ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ HõxÑ≤OzOk. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ áêʼnõΩÅ∞, áÈbã¨∞Å∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞ÅÃÑ· L‰õΩ¯áê^ŒO "≥∂Ñ≤ J}˜z"Õâß~°∞. L™ê‡xÜ«∂, HÍHõfÜ«∞ qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∂Å „áêOQÆ}ÏÅ∞ x`«ºO ~°}~°OQÍÅ∞QÍ =∂~å~Ú. L™ê‡xÜ«∂ HͺOѨãπ ZšѨC_»∂ ˜Ü«∞~üQͺãπ á⁄QÆÅ`À ^Œ~°≈#q∞KÕÛk. #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl HÍÅO
5.
5 ÃãÃÑìO|~ü, 2013 ÖÏsîKås˚Å∞,
HÍÅ∞ÊÅ∞, ÉÏ+¨Ê"åܫڄѨÜ≥∂QÍÅ∞, "å@~ü HÍ#<£Å∞ „ѨÜ≥∂yOK«_»O x`«ºHõ$`«º"≥∞ÿOk. U^≥·<å x~°ã¨# HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O LO^ŒO>Ë L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ Ô~O_çO`«Å∞ áÈbã¨∞, áê~å q∞Å@s |ÅQÍÅ∞ "≥∂ǨÏiOѨKÕÜ«∞_»O JÅ"å@∞QÍ =∂iOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ*τѶ¨Oò „ÃÑãπg∞ò LO^ŒO>Ë<Õ qÖËY~°∞ÅHõ<åfl Ô~O_çO`«Å∞ xѶ¨∂ ã≤|ƒOk Ǩ [~°=Ù`«∞<åfl~°∞. Kè«Ö’ JÃãOc¡ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O ÃÑ@∞ì‰õΩO>Ë JÃãOc¡H˜ 4 H˜Ö’g∞@~°¡ ѨikèÖ’ K«∞@∂ì "ÕÖÏk |ÅQÍÅ#∞ "≥∂ǨÏiOz ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞#∞ kQƃO^èŒ#O KÕ¿ã"å~°∞. WÖÏ KÕã¨∂Î ‰õÄ_® xã≤ûQÆ∞æQÍ _çlÑ≤ k<Õ+πÔ~_ç¤ Ñ¨Hõ∆áê`«O ÖË^Œ∞ JO@∂ „ÃÑãπg∞@∞¡ Ãјì K≥|∞`«∞<åfl_»∞. WHõ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ g∞_çÜ«∞Hõ~Ú`Õ Ñ¨@ìѨQÍæÅ∞ ÖˉõΩO_® áÈÜ«∂~Ú. `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞ ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’ Z<£aZ- xÜ«∞=∂Å∞ JO@∂ ã¨<åfl~Ú <˘‰õΩ¯Å∞ <˘H˜¯# ã‘=∂O„^èŒ g∞_çÜ«∂ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ L^Œº=∂xH˜ =`åÎã¨∞ ѨeHÍ~°∞. J^Œ#OQÍ#∞#fl L^ÀºQÆ∞ʼnõΩ PѨ¬#∞¡ LO_»=#flO^Œ∞‰õΩ PO„^èŒ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ áê=ÚÅ∞ |∞ã¨Q˘_»∞`«∞#fl@∞¡QÍ, Ѩ_»QÆÖˇuÎ HÍ>Ë¿ã q^èŒOQÍ =¸‰õΩ=∞‡_çQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅÃÑ· ^Œfi["≥∞`åÎ~°∞. Ô~K«ÛQ˘@ì=^ŒÌx `≥ÅOQÍ} HÍO„ÔQãπ, ˜_çÑ≤ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ =O`«áê_»_»O K«∂âß=Ú. |∞[˚yOKåÅx K«∂ã≤#H˘Åk Ô~zÛáÈ~Ú# ã‘=∂O„^èŒ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞, L^ÀºQÆ∞Å∞ qÉèí[# x~°‚Ü«∂xfl "≥#‰õΩ¯ fã¨∞HÀ"åÅ<Õ _ç=∂O_£`À =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ =KåÛ~°∞. HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì "≥O@<Õ ã¨ÊOkOz ã‘=∂O„^èŒ, ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº L^Œº=∂xfl K«ÖÏ¡~°Û_®xH˜ PO’x Hõq∞©x „ѨHõ˜OzOk. ã¨O^ÕǨ Å∞, ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ PO’x Hõq∞©H˜ K≥ѨC‰õΩO>Ë Ñ¨i+¨¯i™êÎ=∞x K≥Ñ≤Ê<å L^Œº=∂Å∞ PQÆ_»O ÖË^Œ∞. `å*ÏQÍ ZÑ≤ Z<£r"ÀÅ∞ ã¨"≥∞‡‰õΩ kQÍ~°∞. P~ü˜ã≤ |ã¨∞ûÅ∞ PyáÈ~Ú<å~Ú. ã‘=∂O„^èŒÖ’ |O^£ áê˜ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. H˜~°}ü‰õΩ=∂~üÔ~_ç¤, K«O„^ŒÉÏ|∞Å∞ ã¨OÜ«ÚHõÎOQÍ `«=∞ kfifÜ«∞, `«$fÜ«∞ „âı}˜ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ P^èŒfi~°ºOÖ’ qÉèí[# =ºuˆ~Hõ L^Œº=∂xfl L~°HõÖˇuÎã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. [QÆ<£ áêsì ÉÏǨ @OQÍ<Õ ~år<å=∂Å∞ KÕ~ÚOz ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº x<å^•xfl Z`«∞ΉõΩ#flk. ~å[H©Ü«∞ áêsìÖ’¡ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ =Åã¨Å∞, „Ѩu =Åã¨Å∞ „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿ<å~Ú. q[Ü«∞âßOux ˜P~üZãπ ã¨ÃãÊO_£ KÕÜ«∞QÍ HÍO„ÔQãπÖ’ KÕ~°_®xH˜ x~°‚~ÚOK«∞‰õΩOk. q[Ü«∞ ~å=∂~å=Ù, K«O„^ŒâıY~üÅ∞ ˜P~üZãπ#∞ g_ç HÍO„ÔQãπÖ’H˜ áÈ`«∞#fl@∞¡ „ѨHõ˜OKå~°∞. "≥·ã≤Ñ≤ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`«OÖ’ JO^Œ~°∂ HÍO„ÔQãπ, a*ˇÑ≤, ˜P~üZãπÅ "≥·Ñ¨Ù K«∂ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. z=iH˜ H˜~°}ü‰õΩ=∂~üÔ~_ç¤ ÉÏǨ @OQÍ |Ü«∞@Ѩ_ç ã≤_»|∞¡ºã≤ x~°‚Ü«∂xfl kèHõ¯iã¨∂Î =∂Ï¡_®_»∞. `«Ñ¨C_»∞ ÖˇHõ¯Å∞ K«∂Ñ≤ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ q^Œ∞º`«∞Î Hõ~°∞=Ù =ã¨∞ÎO^Œ<åfl_»∞. <åk ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^Œ∞ JO@∂ Ü«Ú˜QÍ KÕÜ«∂Åx "åkã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞. "åà◊¡ áêsì x~°‚Ü«∂xfl kèHõ¯iã¨∂Î<Õ qÉèí[#‰õΩ "≥·ZãπP~ü, K«O„^ŒÉÏ|∞, [QÆ<£, ã≤Ñ≤S "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ "å~°∞ HÍ~°}=∞O@∞<åfl_»∞. x#fl˜^•HÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} JOâ◊O ˆHO„^Œ ѨikèÖ’k JO@∂ ~å¢+¨ì™ê÷~ÚÖ’ KÕÜ«∞QÆeˆQk Ug∞ LO_»^Œx ÃÇ·ÏHõ=∂O_£-ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi x~°‚Ü«∂xH˜ JO^Œ~°∂ Hõ@∞ì|_ç LO_®Å<Õ H˜~°}ü‰õΩ=∂~üÔ~_ç¤ f~å x~°‚Ü«∞O [iˆQ@ѨʘH˜ ¿Ñ¡@∞ Ѷ≤~å~ÚOz PHõã≤‡HõOQÍ „ѨHõ˜¿ãÎ ZÖÏ JO@∞<åfl_»∞. ã≤_»|∂¡ºã≤ x~°‚Ü«∂xH˜ =ÚO^Œ∞ HÀ~üHõq∞˜ ѨÅ∞=∂~°∞¡ ã¨=∂"Õâ◊"≥∞ÿOk. H˜~°}ü, ÉÁ`«û ^•"≥∂^Œ~üÅ#∞ Ñ≤ez Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å∞ K≥ѨCHÀ=∞<åfl~°∞. D =ÚQÆ∞æ~°∂ QÆO@Å H˘Åk „Ѩ*ˇO>Ë+¨<£ WKåÛ~°∞. h~°∞, q^Œ∞º`«∞Î, ~å[^è•x, x^èŒ∞Å∞, L^ÀºQÍŠѨOÑ≤}©ÃÑ· Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å∞ =ÚYº=∞O„u K≥ѨÊÖË^•? =ÚYº=∞O„u WѨʘ^•HÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~°Ê_ç`Õ #HõûÖˇ·@¡ ã¨=∞㨺 ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œ<Õ JOâ◊O g∞^Œ<Õ ˆHO„nHõiOKÕ"å_»∞. ^•xÃÑ· ã¨ÊO^Œ# ÖËHõáÈ=_»O`À qÉèí[# =Å¡ `«Öˇ`ÕÎ ã¨=∞㨺ʼnõΩ Ñ¨iëê¯~°O K«∂¿Ñ ^•HÍ "å~Ú^• "ÕÜ«∂ÅO@∞<åfl_»∞. PO„^èŒ Z<£l"ÀÅ∞ Z=~°∂ ‰õÄ_® ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ q_çzáÈ=∞O@∞<åfl~°∞. 610 r"À, 36 r"ÀÅ H˜O^Œ J^Œ#OQÍ `Õe#"å~°∞ ‰õÄ_® áÈÜÕ∞k ÖË^ŒO@∞<åfl~°∞. =zÛ# `≥ÅOQÍ}#∞ ~°H˜∆OK«∞HÀ=_»O HÀã¨O H͉õΩO_® `≥ÅOQÍ} =ÚYº=∞O„u Ѩ^Œq HÀã¨O *Ï<åÔ~_ç¤, ^•"≥∂^Œ~° „áê‰õΩÖÏ_»∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ <åÜ«∞‰õΩʼnõΩ n@∞QÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} aÅ∞¡ P"≥∂^ŒO JÜÕ∞º^•HÍ L^Œº=∂xfl =ÚO^Œ∞O_ç #_»áêeû# `≥ÅOQÍ} HÍO„ÔQãπ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ Hõhã¨O SHõº`« ÖˉõΩO_® =Ú_»∞K«∞H˘x ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO@∞<åfl~°∞. qÉèí[# ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ ˜P~üZãπ áê„`« x~åHõiOz #O^Œ∞‰õΩ ÔHã≤P~ü ‰õÄ_® „ѨHõ@#ňH Ѩiq∞`« =∞=Ù`«∞<åfl_»∞. *ˇZã≤ ã¨^•ƒù=#Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® J_»∞¤‰õΩO@∞#fl áÈbã¨∞Å∞ ã¨"≥∞ÿHͺO„^èŒ L^Œº=∂xfl ã‘=∂O„^èŒÖ’ „áÈ`«ûÇ≤Ïã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. Jxfl ~å[H©Ü«∞ áêsìÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∂xfl `«=∞ ã¨fi„ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨O, ZxflHõÖ’¡ ÅaÌ á⁄O^Œ_»O HÀã¨O LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞ ‰õΩO@∂<Õ W`«~° áêsìÅÃÑ· ZxflHõÅ HÀã¨"Õ∞ qÉèílOKå~°O@∂ q=∞~°≈Å∞ QÆ∞Ñ≤Êã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì 2000 ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} HÀã¨O =∂Ï¡_ç 2004
6.
6#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} ZxflHõÖ’¡ Åaú
á⁄O^Õ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕã≤Ok. 2004Ö’ ˜P~üZãπ`À á⁄`«∞Î ÃÑ@∞ìH˘x `≥ÅOQÍ} W™êÎ=∞x "åQÍú#O KÕã≤ "≥∂ã¨yOzOk. ã≤ZOÑ≤Ö’ ÃÑ@ì=∞x, ~å¢+¨ìѨu „Ѩã¨OQÆOÖ’ KÕiÊOz ‰õÄ_® "≥·ZãπP~ü J_»∞¤Ñ¨_»_»O`À PÑ≤"Õã≤Ok. 2009 ZxflHõÖ’¡ ˜_çÑ≤ ‰õÄ_® ˜P~üZãπ`À á⁄`«∞Î ‰õΩ^Œ∞~°∞ÛH˘x `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ J#∞‰õÄÅ=∞x „ѨHõ˜OzOk. ZxflHõÅ `«~åfi`« `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ Ñ¨xKÕã≤Ok. 2009 _çÃãO|~ü 7# ~Àâ◊Ü«∞º JdÅѨHõ∆O ÃÑ@ìQÍ Jxfl áêsìÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ f~å‡xOz f~å _çÃãO|~ü 9# „ѨHõ@# KÕÜ«∞QÍ<Õ J~°÷~å„u „ѨHõ@# JO@∂ Z=ifl ã¨O„ѨkOK«ÖË^ŒO^Œ∂ HÍO„ÔQãπ, ˜_çÑ≤Å∞ =ºuˆ~H˜Oz ã‘=∂O„^èŒÖ’ Hõ$„u=∞ L^Œº=∂xfl Ô~K«ÛQ˘Ïì~Ú. _çÃãO|~ü 23# „ѨHõ@# "≥#‰õΩ¯ fã¨∞H˘<ÕÖÏQÍ XuÎ_ç KÕâß~Ú. NHõ$+¨‚ Hõq∞© x"ÕkHõÃÑ· WѨʘ^•HÍ Ug∞ =∂Ï¡_»‰õΩO_® q∞#fl‰õΩO_ç WѨÙ_»∞ P Hõq∞©ÃÑ· K«iÛOKåÅx _ç=∂O_£ KÕÜ«∞_»O ZO`«˜ J=HÍâ◊"å^ŒO. 28.12.2013# JdÅѨHõ∆O`À ã≤Ñ≤ZO q∞#Ǩ Jxfl áêsìÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ JOwHõiOKå~Ú. <≥Å ~ÀAÖ’¡ x~°‚~Ú™êÎ=∞x K≥Ñ≤Ê <≥ÅO>Ë 30 ~ÀAÅ∞ HÍ^Œx, QÆ∞ÖÏO#c P*Ï^£ KÕ`« K≥Ñ≤ÊOKå~°∞. D =∞^茺HÍÅOÖ’ HÍO„ÔQãπ #∞O_ç ˜P~üZãπ‰õΩ =Åã¨Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅÜ«∂º~Ú. PO„^èŒÖ’ "≥·ã≤Ñ≤H˜ =Åã¨Å∞ ÃÑiQÍ~Ú. JO^Œ∞ˆH HÍO„ÔQãπ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞H˘x „ѨHõ˜OzOk. áêsì „Ñ¨Hõ@# `«~åfi`« ˜P~üZãπ, "≥·ã≤Ñ≤, ˜_çÑ≤Å #∞O_ç HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsìH˜ =Åã¨Å∞ „áê~°OÉèí=∞~Ú<å~Ú. WHõ `«=∞ L^ÕÌâ◊O <≥~°"ÕiOk. HÍ|˜ì `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞#∞ "≥∞Å¡QÍ KÕã≤<å Ѷ¨~åfiÖË^Œ∞ J#∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. D ~å[H©Ü«∞ Z`«∞ÎÅ∞-l`«∞ÎÅ∞ HÍ~°}OQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} Ü«Ú=‰õΩÅ P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«ºÅ∞ ÃÑiy áÈ`«∞<åfl~Ú. ˜*ˇZã≤ ÖÏO˜ ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞ ˜P~üZãπ-HÍO„ÔQãπÅ =∞^茺 K«Hõ¯~°∞¡ H˘_»∞`«∂, ã‘=∂O„^èŒÅ‰õΩ Éã¨∞ûÜ«∂„`«Å∞, ã¨^•ƒù=# Ü«∂„`«Ö’¡ =Úxy L<åfl~°∞. XHõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù ZÑ≤Z<£r"ÀÅ ã¨"≥∞‡, PO„^èŒÖ’ P~ü˜ã≤ ã¨"≥∞‡ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Ѩ~ÀHõ∆ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O`À ã‘=∂O„^èŒÖ’ ã¨"≥∞ÿHͺO„^èŒ L^Œº=∞O #_çÑ≤ã¨∞ÎO_»QÍ PO’x Hõq∞© ^•fi~å K«Å¡|iKÕ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì KÕã¨∞Î#flk. J~Ú`Õ PO’x Hõq∞©H˜ HÍŠѨiq∞u ÖË^Œx, `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ì U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ QÆ_»∞=ÙÖË^Œx kyfi[Üü∞ã≤OQ∑, z^ŒO|~°OÅ∞ „ѨHõ˜OK«_»O K«∂¿ãÎ D áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞ rq`« HÍÅOÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ì U~åÊ@∞ ã¨O^ÕǨ ã¨Ê^Œ"Õ∞. J_»∞QÆ_»∞QÆ∞<å ~å¢+¨ì qÉèí[# „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞#∞ J_»∞¤HÀ=_®xH˜ HÍK«∞H˘#fl ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ^ÀÑ≤_ô ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞¡ XHõ"≥·Ñ¨Ù LO_»QÍ JO`«QÍ Pã¨H˜Î ÖËx ˆHO„^ŒO, HÍO„ÔQãπÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞#∞ "ÕQÆ=O`«O KÕÜ«∞QÆÅ"å? "ÕzK«∂_®e. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ PQÆ^Œ∞ JO@∂ kyfi[Üü∞ Kտ㠄ѨHõ@#Å∞ H˘O`« PâßÉèÏ"åxfl HõeyOz#ѨʘH© QÆ_»∞=Ù ÖË^Œ∞ J<Õ^Õ K«~°ÛhÜ«∂Oâ◊O. D áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞ QÆ_»∞=Ù =Úy¿ãÖ’QÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~°Ê_»HõáÈ`Õ HÍO„ÔQãπ `å#∞ ^À+≤x HÍ^ŒO@∂ <Õ<≥·`Õ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ „ѨHõ˜OKå#∞ HÍ|˜ì <åˆH F>ˇÜ«∞º=∞O@∞Ok. HÍO„ÔQãπ W=fiÖË^Œ∞. <Õ#∞ JkèHÍ~°OÖ’H˘¿ãÎ 100 ~ÀAÖ’¡ W™êÎ#∞ HÍ|˜ì a*ˇÑ≤ `«#ˆH F>ˇÜ«∞º=∞O@∞Ok. HÍO„ÔQãπ, a*ˇÑ≤Å∞ "≥∂ã¨O KÕâß~Ú. <Õ<Õ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞Hõ~°Î#∞ JO@∂ ÔHã≤P~ü =™êÎ_»∞. ˜*ˇZã≤H˜ ˜P~üZãπ, a*ˇÑ≤Å =∞^茺 Z=ifl ã¨=∞iúOKåÅ<Õ g∞=∂O㨠LO@∞Ok. WÖÏO˜ _ÀÖÏÜ«∞=∂# Ѩiã≤÷uÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} JOâ◊O H˘@∞ìq∞Ïì_»@O MÏÜ«∞O. JO^Œ∞ˆH L^Œº=∞O ^•fi~å `≥ÅOQÍ} ™ê^茺=∞=Ù`«∞O^Œx, ZxflHõÅ QÍ~°_ôÖ’, =∂Ü«∂*ÏÅOÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} =∞~À™êi "≥∂ã¨áÈ`«∞O^Œx `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ*τѶ¨Oò =ÚO^Œ∞ #∞OKÕ K≥ѨÓÎ =ã¨∞Î#flk. ~å[H©Ü«∞ áêsìÅ#∞, <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ#∞ #=Ú‡HÀ‰õΩO_® ã≤ã¨Öˇ·# `≥ÅOQÍ} "å^Œ∞Å∞, L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞Å∞, *ˇZã≤Å∞ x~°O`«~° áÈ~å@ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å#∞ q[Ü«∞=O`«O KÕã¨∞‰õΩO@∂ L^Œº=∂xfl L^èŒ$`«O KÕÜ«∂Åx „Ѩ*τѶ¨Oò HÀ~°∞`«∞#flk. áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞Ö’ aÅ∞¡ ÃÑ>Ëì^•HÍ x~°O`«~°O x~°=kèHõ L^Œº=∂xH˜ ã≤^ŒúO HÍ"åeûOkQÍ „Ѩ*ÏhHÍxH˜ q[˝Ñ≤Î KÕã¨∞Î<åflO. 6 ^ŒâßÉÏÌÅ `≥ÅOQÍ} PHÍOHõ∆‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ ã‘=∂O„^èŒÖ’ [iˆQ L^Œº=∂xfl q~°q∞OK«∞HÀ"åeûOkQÍ q[˝Ñ≤Î KÕã¨∞Î<åflO. ã‘=∂O„^èŒÖ’ QÆÅ „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ"å^Œ∞Å∞, "Õ∞^è•=ÙÅ∞ Ô~O_»∞QÍ q_çáÈ~Ú Hõeã≤ |`«Hõ_»O HÀã¨O `«=∞ =∞^ŒÌ`«∞ `≥eÑ≤ ã¨"≥∞ÿHͺO„^èŒ L^Œº=∞ q~°=∞}‰õΩ ã¨Ç¨ÏHõiOz qÉèí[#‰õΩ ã¨Ç¨ÏHõiOKåeûOkQÍ, ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ ™ê=∞~°ã¨º ѨÓ~°fiHõOQÍ Ñ¨i+¨¯iOK«∞H˘<Õ kâ◊QÍ PÖ’zOKåeûOkQÍ, `«=∞ ã¨Ç¨ÏK«~°∞Å#∞ PÖ’zOѨ KÕÜ«∂eûOkQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ*τѶ¨Oò q[˝Ñ≤Î KÕã¨∞Î#flk. (~°K«~Ú`«-„Ѩ*τѶ¨Oò J^茺‰õ∆ΩÅ∞)
7.
7 ÃãÃÑìO|~ü, 2013 `≥ÅOQÍ}
_ç=∂O_£ÃÑ· Uà◊¡ `«~°|_ç ™êz"Õ`« "≥·Yix J=ÅOaOz# HÍO„ÔQãπ =i¯OQ∑ Hõq∞©, Ü«¸Ñ‘U ã¨=∞#fiÜ«∞ Hõq∞© EÖˇ· 30# `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ì U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞HÀ=_»O`À `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å n~°…HÍeHõ PO^Àà◊# ™êѶ¨Åº ^Œâ◊‰õΩ KÕ~°∞‰õΩOk. ~å„+¨ì qÉèí[# „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞‰õΩ ~°OQÆO ã≤^Œú"≥∞ÿOk... `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ Ü«¸Ñ‘U „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO NHÍ~°O K«∞˜ìOk. `≥ÖOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å S^Œ∞#fl~° ^ŒâßÉÏÌÅ HõÅ... ã¨∞nè~°… áÈ~å@O ™êHÍ~°=∞ÜÕ∞º "Õà◊ Pã¨#fl"≥∞ÿOk. ~å[H©Ü«∞ J=ã¨~åÅ s`åº<Õ F@∞¡, ã‘@¡ H˘~°‰õΩ `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨHõ@# =zÛO^Œ<Õ ~å[H©Ü«∞ qâı¡+¨‰õΩÅ∞ JO@∞#flѨʘH©, ã¨∞nè~°…HÍÅ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∂xfl K«∞ÅHõ# KÕÜ«∞_»O ÉèÏ=ºO HÍ^Œ∞. 1952 <å˜ 'ÔQ·~ü =Úb¯— QÀÉϺH± L^Œº=∞O "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ 1969 L^Œº=∞OÖ’ `«∞áêH© `«∂ÏʼnõΩ |Öˇ·# 369 =∞Ok J=∞~°∞Å `åºQÍÅ∞, =∞e^Œâ◊ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∂xH˜ r=O áÈã≤# 1996 Éèí∞=#yi ã¨Éèí #∞Oz <Õ˜ ^•Hõ `≥ÅOQÍ} ã¨=∂[O Z<Àfl P@∞áÈ@¡‰õΩ QÆ∞Ô~·Ok. ^ŒQÍѨ_»¤k. J~Ú<å JÅ∞ÃÑ~°∞QÆx áÈ~å@O KÕã≤Ok. J##º`åºQÍÅ∞ KÕã≤Ok. QÆ`« <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞QÍ UHõay# ™êQÆ∞`«∞#fl „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ì L^Œº=∞OÖ’ "≥~Úº =∞OkH˜ ÃÑ·QÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} a_»¤Å∞ P`«‡|e^•#O QÍqOKå~°∞. 1956Ö’ 'PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò— J=`«~°} ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ÅH˜zÛ# 'ÃÑ^ŒÌ=∞#∞+¨µÅ— XѨÊO^ŒO, Ǩ g∞Å`À áê@∞ P `«^Œ∞Ѩi =zÛ# J+¨ìã¨∂„`« Ѩ^äŒHõO, P~°∞ ã¨∂„`åÅ á¶ê~°∞‡ÖÏ, `«^Œ#∞QÆ∞}"≥∞ÿ# ~å*ϺOQÆ ã¨=~°} (371–_ç) ‰õÄ_® áêʼnõΩÅ z`«Îâ◊√kú~åÇ≤Ï`«ºO =Å¡ PK«~°}Ö’ LÅ¡OѶ¨∞#‰õΩ QÆ∞Ô~·# Ѷ¨e`«OQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å =∞<ÀÉèÏ"åÖ’¡ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ"å^ŒO „Hõ"Õ∞Ñ‘ |ÅѨ_çOk. `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ L=∞‡_ç ~å„+¨ìO U~°Ê_ç# S^Œ∞#fl~° ^ŒâßÉÏÌÅ J#O`«~°O ‰õÄ_® ZO^Œ∞H© Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞ U~°Ê_®¤Ü≥∂ qA˝ÅO^ŒiH© `≥Å∞ã¨∞. J^Õ ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ Z<Àfl ^ŒâßÉÏúÅ∞QÍ =OK«#Å∞, #=∞‡Hõ„^ÀǨÏO KÕã¨∂Î =zÛ# HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì <≥·*Ïxfl, ^•x K«i„`«#∞ ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ ÃÑ@∞ì‰õΩ#flѨC_»∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ HÍO„ÔQãπ x*Ï~Úfx WѨʘH© â◊OdOK«Hõ `«Ñ¨Ê_»OÖË^Œ∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„ëêìxfl XHõ KÕ`ÀÎ Wã¨∂Î, =∞~À KÕ`ÀÎ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£#∞ ÖψQã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ ‰õΩ„@ WѨʘH˜ á⁄Oz LOk. HÍO„ÔQãπ =i¯OQ∑ Hõq∞© f~å‡<åxfl K«∂ã≤ LaƒáÈ=eû# J=ã¨~°O ZO`«=∂„`«O ÖË^Œ∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„ëêìxfl „ѨHõ˜ã¨∂Î<Õ, PK«~°}Ö’ `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ#∞ xsfi~°ºO KÕ¿ã ‰õΩ„@ ^•QÆ∞O^Œ#fl J#∞=∂<åÅ∞ ã¨~°fi„`å `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ÅÖ’ =ºHõÎ=∞=Ù`«∞<åfl~Ú. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ qÉèí[# „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ ѨÓ~°ÎÜÕ∞º =~°‰õΩ q^•º~°∞÷Å∞, „Ѩ*Ïã¨OѶ¨∂Å∞, *ˇZã‘Å∞ J„Ѩ=∞`«ÎOQÍ LO_»_»O J=ã¨~°O. ZO^Œ∞=Å# JO>Ë HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ <À˜`À á⁄QÆ_ç <˘ã¨˜`À "≥H˜¯iOz# f~°∞QÍ =º=ǨÏiOK«_»O HõxÊã¨∞ÎOk. HÍO„ÔQãπ =i¯OQ∑ Hõq∞© Éè˘ `«~åfi`« [iˆQ `˘e ÔHa<≥ò ã¨=∂"Õâ◊OÖ’<Õ `≥ÅOQÍ}ÃÑ· x~°‚Ü«∞O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œx HÍO„ÔQãπ „Ѩ^è•# HÍ~°º^Œi≈ J[Üü∞ =∂ÔH<£ "≥Å¡_çOz# „ѨHõ@#‰õΩ aè#flOQÍ kyfi[Ü«∞ ã≤OQ∑ JO’x Hõq∞©H˜ HÍÅѨiq∞u ÖË^Œ<åfl_»∞. =~°¬HÍÅ ã¨=∂"ÕâßÅÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} aÅ∞¡ ÃÑ@ì_»O ™ê^茺O HÍ^Œ<åfl_»∞ +≤O_Õ. `≥ÅOQÍ} q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ "≥#∞Hõ‰õΩ áÈÜÕ∞ „Ѩã¨H˜ÎÖË^Œx QÆ∞ÖÏO#a J*Ï^£ J<åfl~°∞. z^ŒO|~°O ~å[ºã¨ÉèíÖ’ PQÆ+¨µì 12# =∂Ï¡_»∞`«∂ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ„H©Ü«∞ „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿOk, Jk ZѨC_»∞ ѨÓiÎ J=Ù`«∞O^À K≥ѨÊÖË#∞ J<åfl_»∞. J~Ú`Õ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ áÈÜÕ∞^≥ѨC_À Z=fi~°∞ ã¨iQÍ K≥ѨÊ_»O ÖË^Œ∞. 1956 #∞Oz ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ÉËǨÏs =~°æO, ~å[H©Ü«∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞, „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ìO U~°Ê_»‰õΩO_® ‰õΩ„@Å∞, ‰õΩ`«O„`åÅ∞ KÕã¨∂Î _èçb¡ ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ#∞ „Ѩ֒ÉèíÃÑ_»∂Î, ɡkiã¨∂Î, |∞[˚yã¨∂Î `«=∞‰õΩ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ =∞ÅK«∞ H˘O@∞<åfl~°∞. ÃÑ^ŒÌ=∞#∞+¨µÅ XѨÊO^•xfl LÅ¡OѶ≤∞OzOk "åàı¡, x^èŒ∞Å∞, =#~°∞Å∞, L^ÀºQÍÅ∞ H˘Å¡Q˘˜ìOk "åàı¡. 1969 L^Œº=∞O `«~åfi`« `≥ÅOQÍ} "åiH˜ <åºÜ«∞|^ŒúOQÍ ÅaèOz# ~°Hõ∆}Å#∞ HÍÅ~åÜ«∞_®xH˜ 1972Ö’ U q^èŒOQÍ<≥·`Õ Q˘_»=Å∞ KÕ~ÚOKå~À WѨC_»∂ J^Õ Ñ¨Ù#~å=$`«=∞=Ù`«∞#flk. 2009 _çâ◊O|~ü 9# z^ŒO|~°O `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨHõ@# KÕã≤#ѨC_»∞ ‰õÄ_® ÉèÏs q^èŒfiOã¨O, ÖÏc~ÚOQ∑ ™êyOz ˆHO„^ŒO "≥#∞Hõ_»∞QÆ∞ "Õ¿ãÖÏ KÕâß~°∞. WѨC_»∞ JÖÏO˜ ‰õΩ„@ÖË KÕã≤ =zÛOk„ѨHõ@<Õ.. `≥ÅOQÍ}U~°Ê_Õ=~°‰õΩ#=∞‡ÖËO! -Z.#iûOǨ Ô~_ç¤ #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl HÍÅO
8.
8#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} ˆHO„^•xfl ÖÁOQÆfã¨∞HÀ"åÅx
ÃÑ_»ÉÁ|ƒÅ∞ ÃÑ_»∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. 2009 _çâ◊O|~ü 9 z^ŒO|~°O „ѨHõ@#`À áÈe¿ãÎ Wk KåÖÏ aè#flO. P „ѨHõ@# „ѨÉèí∞`åfixn HÍ^Œ<åfl~°∞, áêsìH˜ ã¨O|O^èŒO ÖË^Œ<åfl~°∞. JO^Œ~°∞ K≥áêÊ~°∞ HÍ|˜ì „ѨHõ˜OKå=Ú, J_»¤O uiQÍ~°∞ HÍ|˜ì "≥#‰õΩ¯ fã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl=Ú J<åfl~°∞. J~Ú`Õ `å"Õ∞q∞’ K≥ѨÊ_®xH˜ =∂„`«O Ue# "å~°∞ P `«~åfi`« <åÅ∞ˆQà◊√¡ fã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl~°∞. Jã¨Å∞ ÖËx^•xHõ<åfl PÅ㨺OQÍ<≥·<å `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞ x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞HÀ=_»O ã¨O`À+¨O. HÍO„ÔQãπ =i¯OQ∑ Hõq∞© `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ì U~åÊ@∞ QÆ∞iOz „ѨHõ˜OKÕ =ÚO^Œ∞ `å=Ú `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞HÀ=_®xH˜ L#fl <ÕѨ^䕺xfl q=iOKå~°∞. "å~°∞ `≥eÑ≤# ^•O’¡ 2004 JÃãOc¡ ZxflHõÅ ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’<Õ `«=∞ =∂xÃѶ™ÈìÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞ JOâßxfl á⁄O^Œ∞Ѩiz#@∞¡ q=iOKå~°∞. P `«~åfi`« Ü«¸Ñ‘U „ѨÉèí∞`«fi HÍ=∞<£ q∞x=∞"£∞ „á⁄„QÍOÖ’ ‰õÄ_® `≥ÅOQÍ} JOâßxfl á⁄O^Œ∞ѨiKå~°∞. 2009 Ѷ≤„|=i 12# ~å„+¨ì JÃãOc¡Ö’ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∂Åx =ÚYº=∞O„u "≥·Ü«∞™êû~ü „ѨHõ˜OKå~°∞. 2009 _çÃãO|~ü 7# =ÚYº=∞O„u ~À+¨Ü«∞º J^茺Hõ∆`«# [iy# PÖòáêsì g∞˜OQ∑Ö’ Jxfl ~å[H©Ü«∞ áêsìÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞ Ѩ@¡ `«=∞ ã¨=∞‡ux `≥eáê~Ú. D <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’<Õ 2009 _çâ◊O|~ü 9, 23 „ѨHõ@#Å∞ JѨʘ ˆHO„^Œ ǨϟO=∞O„u z^ŒO|~°O #∞O_ç =KåÛ~Ú. ˆHO„^ŒO 2010 [#=i 5, 2011 [#=i 6 `ÕnÖ’¡ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x Zxq∞k QÆ∞iÎOѨ٠á⁄Ok# ~å[H©Ü«∞ áêsìÅ`À `≥ÅOQÍ} q+¨Ü«∞OÃÑ· ã¨=∂"Õâ◊O U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤Ok. 2010 _çâ◊O|~ü Ö’<Õ NHõ$+¨‚ Hõq∞© iáÈ~°∞ì „Ñ¨Éèí∞`åfixH˜ JO^Œ*Ëã≤Ok. JO^Œ∞Ö’x 5= PѨ¬<£Ö’ ÃÑ^ŒÌ =∞#∞+¨µÅ XѨÊO^ŒO (1956)Ö’x H˘xfl =ÚMϺOâßÅ#∞ J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞HõáÈ=_»O, h˜ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅÃÑ· x~°¡Hõ∆ºO, q^•º ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂Å HõÅÊ#Ö’ (ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ q∞#Ǩ ) JÅã¨`«fiO, ~å„+¨ìѨu L`«Î~°∞fiÅ J=∞Å∞Ö’ J™ê^è•~°} *ÏѨºO =O˜ JOâßÅ <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’ `å=Ú q=Hõ∆‰õΩ QÆ∞~°Ü«∂º=∞x, `«=∞#∞ J}z "Õã¨∞Î<åfl~°<Õ ÉèÏ=# `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Ö’¡ f„= ÉèÏ"À^ÕfiQÍxH˜ HÍ~°}"≥∞ÿOk. „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} _ç=∂O_£Ö’ J~°÷=ÚO^Œx, Wk ѨÓiÎQÍ Jã¨O|^Œú"≥∞ÿ#^Õg∞ HÍ^Œx N Hõ$+¨‚ Hõq∞© Jaè„áêÜ«∞Ѩ_çOk. QÆ`« =¸_Õà◊¡Ö’ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x Jxfl ~å[H©Ü«∞ áêsìÅ`À qã¨Î$`« K«~°ÛÅ∞, ã¨O„ѨkOѨÙÅ∞ [iQÍ~Ú. D ã¨∞n~°… ã¨O„ѨkOѨÙÅ∞, K«~°ÛÅ „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ J#O`«~°"Õ∞ HÍO„ÔQãπ =i¯OQ∑ Hõq∞© `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ì U~åÊ@∞ „ѨHõ@# KÕã≤Ok. D „ѨHõ@#‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞ ^•^•Ñ¨ÙQÍ Jxfl áêsìÅ∞ `«=∞ JOwHÍ~åxfl ~å`«Ñ¨Ó~°fiHõOQÍ#∂ `≥eáê~Ú. |Ç≤Ï~°OQÍ#∂ „ѨHõ˜OKå~Ú. WO`« [iy# `«~åfi`« ‰õÄ_®... ã‘=∂O„^èŒ „áêO`åxH˜ K≥Ok# HÍO„ÔQãπ <Õ`«Å∞ HÍO„ÔQãπ =i¯OQ∑ Hõq∞© x~°‚Ü«∂xfl =ºuˆ~H˜ã¨∂Î L^Œºq∞OK«_»O J„Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ"≥∞ÿ# K«~°º. ~å„ëêìxfl qÉèí lOKåÅx HÍO„ÔQãπ Jkèëêì#O x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl `«~åfi`« JO^Œ∞‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ =∞O„`«∞Å∞, Z"≥∞‡Ö˺Å∞ f~å‡#O KÕÜ«∞_»"Õ∞ áêsì „Hõ=∞tHõ∆}Ï ~åÇ≤Ï`«º"≥∞ÿ`Õ áêsìH˜ <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiO =Ç≤Ïã¨∞Î#fl ÉÁ`«û, „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Jkè<Õ`« H˜~°}ü‰õΩ=∂~ü Ô~_ç¤ P f~å‡#OÃÑ· ã¨O`«HÍÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O ^•~°∞}O. ÃÇ·ÏHõ=∂O_£ U x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl Hõ@∞ì|_ç LOÏ=∞x `≥ÅOQÍ} <Õ`«Å∞ Ô~K«ÛQ˘>Ëì "åºYºÅ∞ KÕÜ≥Ú^ŒÌx WѨÊ_ç^•Hõ K≥Ñ≤Ê# <Õ`«Å∞ f~å ˆHO„^ŒO `«# x~°‚Ü«∂xfl „ѨHõ˜Oz J=∞Å∞KÕ¿ã kâ◊QÍ K«~°ºÅ∞ „áê~°Oaè¿ãÎ J_»∞¤HÀ=_»O ZO`«=~°‰õΩ ã¨=∞O[ã¨O, ZÏ¡ <≥·uHõO J=Ù`«∞Ok? Uà◊√¡QÍ `≥ÅOQÍ}ÃÑ· K«~°Û [~°∞QÆ∞`ÀOk. U x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl Hõ@∞ì|_ç LOÏ=∞<åfl~°∞. f~å x~°‚Ü«∞O [iQÍHõ Z=ix J_çQÍ~°O@∂ Z^Œ∞~°∞ u~°∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. ˆHO„^ŒO `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨHõ˜OK«QÍ<Õ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò âßã¨#ã¨ÉèíÖ’ „áêux^茺O Hõey=Ù#fl =¸_»∞ áêsìÅ∞ – HÍO„ÔQãπ, `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ^Õâ◊O, "≥·ZãπP~ü HÍO„ÔQãπ aè#fl ~å[H©Ü«∞ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ`À aè#fl"≥∞ÿ# "≥·Y~°∞Å∞ J#∞ã¨iã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. WO^Œ∞‰õΩ Z=i<≥·<å xOkOK«=Åã≤ =¿ãÎ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ xOkOKåeûOk `«b¡H˘_»∞‰õΩÅ <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiOÖ’x "≥·ZãπP~üáêsìx. `≥ÅOQÍ}Ï ~å„+¨ì J#∞‰õÄÅ x~°‚Ü«∞O ~å#∞#fl ã¨∂K«#Å∞ HõxÑ≤OK«QÍ<Õ `«=∞ Z"≥∞‡Ö˺Å∞ 16 =∞Ok KÕ`« EÖˇ· 29# ~år<å=∂ KÕ~ÚOz ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº"å^Œ =∞<ÀÉèÏ"åÅ#∞ ™⁄=Ú‡ KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ Z`«∞ÎQÆ_» J#∞ã¨iOKå~°∞. '`≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å =∞<ÀÉèÏ"åÅ#∞ Q“~°qã¨∞Î<åfl=∞x— áêsì `˘e Ñ‘¡#sÖ’ `«O„_ç ã¨=∂kè ™êH˜∆QÍ „ѨHõ˜Oz# [QÆ<£"≥∂ǨÏ<£ Ô~_ç¤ =∂@ `«Ñ¨Ê_»O J=HÍâ◊"å^•xH˜ Ѩ~åHÍ+¨ì. `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`«OÖ’ PÜ«∞#∞fl #=Ú‡‰õΩ#fl "åix ^ŒQÍ KÕâß~°∞. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ „áêO`«O PO^Àà◊#Ö’ P áêsì K«∞~°∞‰õΩQÍ áêÖÁæO@∞#flk. ~å„ëêìxfl qÉèílOK«_»O P^èŒ~°‡=∞x "≥·Ü«∞ãπP~ü HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì Q“~°"å^茺‰õ∆Ω~åÅ∞ q[Ü«∞=∞‡ „Ѩ^è•xH˜ ÖËY ~åã≤Ok. q[Ü«∞"å_»Ö’ P"≥∞ PQÆ+¨µì 19 #∞Oz J=∞~°} nHõ∆‰õΩ kQÆ∞`å#x ¿Ñ~˘¯Ok.
9.
9 ÃãÃÑìO|~ü, 2013 `≥ÅOQÍ}
U~åÊ@∞ KÕ¿ãÎ `«=∞‰õΩ JÉèíºO`«~°O ÖË^Œx, HÍO„ÔQãπ <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fi"Õ∞ `ÕÅÛ_»O ÖË^Œx WO`«HÍÅO |∞HÍ~ÚOz# ©_çÑ‘, "≥·Zãπ áêsì WѨC_»∞ =∂@ =∂iÛ#~Ú. `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ ã‘=∂O„^èŒÖ’ áÈ© Ѩ_ç L^Œºq∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. HÍO„ÔQãπÖ’x ã‘=∂O„^èŒ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® gà◊§`À Q˘O`«∞ HõÅ∞ѨÙ`«∞<åfl~°∞. nxHõO`«˜H˜ HÍ~°}O – ZxflHõÅ∞ =KÕÛ Z_®k LO_»_»"Õ∞. „Ѩ[ÅÖ’ ÉèÏ"À^ÕfiQÍÅ∞, ÉèíÜ«∂O^Àà◊#Å∞ Ô~K«ÛQ˘@ì_»O ^•fi~å ZxflHõÅÖ’ Åaú á⁄O^Œ=K«∞Û#<Õk D ~å[H©Ü«∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ „Éèí=∞! HÍh D „Éèí=∞Å∞ "Õ~°∞, "åã¨Î"åÅ∞ "Õ~°∞. „Ѩ[Å∞ ZѨC_»∂ J=HÍâ◊"å^Œ ~å[H©Ü«∂Å#∞ ǨÏi¬OK«~°∞. ÉèÏ"À^ÕfiQÍÅ#∞ #=Ú‡‰õΩ<Õ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ ÉèíOQÆ Ñ¨_»Hõ `«Ñ¨Ê^Œ∞. x*ÏxH˜ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ZOёʼnõΩ [Å=#~°∞ŠѨOѨHõO, L^ÀºQÆ∞Å W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, q^Œº, "≥·^Œº ~°OQÍŠѨiã≤÷u, ™ê=∂lHõ =∞<ÀÉèÏ"åÅ∞ D JOâßÖËg ã‘=∂O„^èŒ HÍO„ÔQãπ <Õ`«Å Z*ˇO_®Ö’ ÖË=Ù. ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ #QÆ~°O Éèíq`«=º"Õ∞q∞˜, H˘`«Î ~å[^è•x U „áêO`«OÖ’ U~åÊ@∞ KÕ™êÎ~°∞ J#fl^Õ "åi PO^Àà◊#O`å ! J=HÍâ◊"å^•xfl „Ѩ^Œi≈OK«_»OÖ’ JkèHÍ~° HÍO„ÔQãπ‰õΩ ˜_çÑ≤ ZOÑ‘Å∞ U=∂„`«O fã≤áÈ=_»O ÖË^Œx áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞ "ÕkHõQÍ<Õ ã¨Ê+¨ì=∞ø`ÀOk. áêsì J^茺‰õ∆Ω_»∞ J@∂ W@∂ =∂Ï¡_»∞`«∞<åfl `å=ÚQÍ ã¨"≥∞ÿHͺO„^èŒ x<å^•xfl qxÑ≤OK«ÖËHõ, JÖÏQÆx ѨÓiÎQÍ ^•K«∞HÀÖËHõ P áêsì ZOÑ‘Å∞ áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞Ö’ KÕã¨∞Î#fl ã¨~°¯ãπ Ѷ‘@∞¡ Pã¨H˜Î Q˘Å∞Ê`«∞<åfl~Ú. `≥ÅOQÍ} "å^•xH˜ JkèHÍ~°OÖ’ ÖË#ѨC_»∞ „ѨuѨHõ∆ <åÜ«∞‰õΩxQÍ ~å[âıY~°Ô~_ç¤ `˘Å∞`« =∞^Œú`«∞ „ѨHõ˜OKå_»∞. WѨC_»∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} x~°‚Ü«∞O =KåÛHõ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ HÍO„ÔQãπ „Ѩ*Ï „Ѩux^èŒ∞Å∞ ã¨"≥∞ÿHͺO„^èŒ JO@∂ ~år<å=∂Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O „^ÀǨÏѨÓi`«"≥∞ÿ# K«~°º. `«=∞ „áêO`« „Ѩ[Å =∞<ÀÉèÏ"åÅ∞, _ç=∂O_£‰õΩ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ ~år<å=∂ KÕâß=∞x K≥ѨC‰õΩO@∞ #flѨʘH©, `«=∞ „Ѩ`«º~°∞÷Öˇ·# "≥·ZãπP~üã≤Ñ≤, `≥Å∞QÆ∞^Õâ◊O ÖËYÖË ~å„+¨ì qÉèí[#‰õΩ ÉÏ@"ÕâßÜ«∞x xO^• „H©_»‰õΩ kˆQ P`«‡=OK«<å ~å[H©Ü«∞ =ӺǨ xfl "åi =∂@ÖË "≥Å¡_çã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. `≥Å∞QÆ∞^Õâ◊O áêsì QÆ∞OÉèí#OQÍ =ÙOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å =∞<ÀÉèÏ"åÅ#∞ QÆ∞iÎOz „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ~å„ëêìxH˜ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ ˆHO„^•xH˜ ÖËY WKåÛ=∞x, ^•xH˜ WѨʘH© ‰õ@∞ì|_ç =Ù<åfl=∞x áêsì J^茺‰õ∆Ω_»∞ K«O„^ŒÉÏ|∞ <åÜ«Ú_»∞ „ѨHõ@# KÕâß~°∞. Ô~O_»∞ ~å„ëêìÖ’¡ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ „Ѩ[Å∞ ™È^Œ~°ÉèÏ=O`À Hõeã≤"≥∞eã≤ rqOKåÅx, Jaè=$kú ™êkèOKåÅx PHÍOH˜∆OKå~°∞. J~Ú<å `≥Å∞QÆ∞ `«=Ú‡à◊√¡ Ѩܫ∂ºÑ¨ÙÅ ˆHâ◊=ÙÅ∞, ™Èq∞Ô~_ç¤ K«O„^Œ"≥∂ǨÏ<£Ô~_ç¤ `«k`«~°∞Å∞ ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº ‰õÄx~åQÍÅ∞ fã¨∂Î<ÕL<åfl~°∞. áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞Ö’ ˜_çÑ≤ ZOÑ‘Å∞ t=„Ѩ™ê^£, ã≤ZO ~°"Õ∞âò, ã¨∞[<å KÒ^Œi, #O^Œ=¸i ǨÏiHõ$+¨‚Å∞ Q˘_»= KÕã¨∂Î<Õ L<åfl~°∞. ~å[ºã¨ÉèíÖ’ a*ˇÑ≤ "≥OHõÜ«∞º<åÜ«Ú_»∞ KÕã≤# `˘O_ç‰õÄ`«Å∞, ÔHqÑ≤ =∂Ï¡_ç# f~°∞ '^ÀK«∞‰õΩ#flk ^•K«∞‰õΩOÏO. WOHÍ ^ÀK«∞‰õΩOÏO, Jk =∂ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ǨωõΩ¯— J#fl@∞¡ =∂Ï¡_»O PkèѨ`«º, PǨÏOHÍ~° ^ÀÑ≤_ô ã¨fiÉèÏ"åxH˜ x^Œ~°≈#O. ã‘=∂O„^èŒÖ’ HÍO„ÔQãπ, ˜_çÑ≤, "≥·Ü«∞ãπP~üÑ≤Å =∞^茺 [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk PkèѨ`«ºáÈ~°∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ HÍ^Œ∞, `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞#∞ J_»∞¤HÀ"åÅ<Õ ‰õΩ„@ ^•y LOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ì U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞Å∞ KÕã¨∞Î#fl Jã¨O|^Œú "å^Œ#Åxfl˜H© `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞ HÍ~°∞Å∞ WѨʘˆH ¿ÇÏ`«∞|^ŒúOQÍ ã¨=∂^è•<åÅ∞ ~ÚKåÛ~°∞. J~Ú<å áê`«áê>Ë áê_»∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. ã¨OѨ#fl =~åæÅ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ H˘~°‰õΩ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ „Ѩ[Å#∞ ÉèíÜ«∞„ÉèÏO`«∞ʼnõΩ QÆ∞iKÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. =ÚYº=∞O„u H˜~°}ü ‰õΩ=∂~üÔ~_ç¤ H˘„sÅ#∞ UHõ~°=Ù ÃÑ_»∞`«∂ Pkèëêì<åxH˜ ÖËY ~åÜ«∞_»=∞O>Ë `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ì U~åÊ@∞#∞ J_»∞¤HÀ"åÅ<Õ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ "åºáê~°=~åæÅ ‰õΩ„@Ö’ ÉèÏQÆOQÍ =ÚYº=∞O„u "åºYºÅ#∞, ÖËY#∞ ѨiQÆ}˜OK«=Åã≤ LO@∞Ok. ~å„+¨ì qÉèí[#‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ PO„^è• Kå<≥à◊√§ ZO`« „ѨKå~°O KÕã≤<å, <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ ZO`« q^èŒfiOã¨O ã¨$+≤ìOz<å 㨈~, ™ê=∂#º „Ѩ[Å∞ K«eOK«_»O ÖË^Œ∞. nO`À qÉèí[# =Å¡ h˜ ã¨=∞㨺 =ã¨∞ÎO^ŒO@∂ PO„^èŒ „áêO`« Ô~·`«∞Å#∞ Ô~K«ÛQ˘ÏìÅ<Õ Ñ¨<åflQÆO =ÚYº=∞O„u =∂@Ö’¡ HõxÑ≤ã¨∞Î#flk. `≥ÅOQÍ} Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ q^Œ∞º`ü ã¨=∞㨺 U~°Ê_»∞`«∞O^Œx Hõhfl~°∞ ‰õÄ_® HÍ~°Û_»O =∞iO`« qO`«QÍL#flk. PO„^èŒ „Ѩ[Å∞ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ =∂ ~å[^è•x J#∞H˘x =zÛ ã≤÷~°Ñ¨_®¤~°x, WѨC_»∞ q_çáÈ`Õ "åi Ѩiã≤÷u Uq∞@x H˜~°}ü ‰õΩ=∂~ü Ô~_ç¤ JO@∞<åfl~°∞. =ÚYº=∞O„u ™ê÷~Ú =ºH˜Î =∂Ï¡_»=Åã≤# =∂@ÖË<å Wq? ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ ÉèÏQÆ"≥∞ÿ#O`« =∂„`å# PO„^èŒ „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ Éèí„^Œ`« LO_»^•? PO„^èŒ „Ѩ[Å∞ ɡOQÆ∞à◊¥~°∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞H˘x J"≥∞iHÍ =~°‰õΩ =∞# ~å„+¨ì=∞#∞‰õΩ<Õ ã≤÷~°Ñ¨_»∞`«∞<åfl~å? K«i„`« ѨÙ@Ö’¡ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ áÈ~å@ „Hõ=∞=∞O`å =„Hõ=∂~åæÅ K«i„`Õ. 60 Uà◊√¡QÍ L^Œº=∂Å ¿Ñi@ W`«~°∞ŠǨωõΩ¯Å#∞ ǨÏiOz `«=∞ ÉÁHõ¯™êÅ∞ xOѨىõΩ#fl K«i„`Õ. =∞„^•ãπ „áêq<£û #∞Oz „Ѩ`ÕºHõ PO„^èŒ ¿ãìò U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∂Åx HÀ~å~°∞.
10.
10#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} 1952Ö’ =∞„^•ãπ
L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•xQÍ PO„^èŒ~å„+¨ìO U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∂Åx áÈ~å@O "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ ÃÑÏì~°∞. 1955Ö’ `≥ÅOQÍ}`À Hõeã≤ L=∞‡_ç ~å„+¨ìO U~åÊ@∞KÕÜ«∂Åx áÈ~å@O „áê~°OaèOKå~°∞. P<å_Õ qâßÖÏO„^èŒ HÍ"åÅ#_»OÖ’ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ∞Å ™ê„=∂[º"å^Œ `«`«fiO ^•y LO^Œx <≥„Ǩï ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ<Õ K≥áêÊ_»∞. 1972Ö’ *ˇ· PO„^èŒ L^Œº=∞O ¿Ñ~°∞`À „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ~å„+¨ìO HÀ~°‰õΩO_®... `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ#∞ HÍáê_ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ ÃÑ^ŒÌ=∞#∞+¨µÅ XѨÊO^ŒOÖ’ ÉèÏQÆOQÍ L#fl ~°Hõ∆} x|O^èŒ#ÅxflO˜h `˘ÅyOKå~°∞. WѨC_»∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ìO U~åÊ@∞ KÕ™êÎ=∞#fl ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi x~°‚Ü«∂xH˜ =ºuˆ~H˜ã¨∂Î ã‘=∂O„^èŒ <Õ`«Å∞ L^Œºq∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ <Õ`«Å L^Œº=∂Å K«i„`« JO`å W`«~°∞ŠǨωõΩ¯Å#∞ ǨÏiOz `å=Ú ™È‰õΩÅ∞ áÈ=_»OQÍ<Õ `≥Å∞ã¨∞Î#flk. U PkèѨ`«º =~°æ"≥∞ÿ<å =Å㨠„áêO`« =#~°∞Å#∞ ^ÀK«∞‰õΩO@∂<Õ ^•xx Ѩ~ånè#OQÍ =∂~°∞ã¨∞ÎOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ D ^ÀÑ≤_ô, Ѩ~ånè#`« #∞Oz |Ü«∞@Ѩ_®Åx qb#O J~Ú# =∞~°∞㨘 ~ÀA#∞OKÕ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} H˘~°‰õΩ L^Œºq∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. „Ѩ[Å∞ ZѨC_»∞ Ѩ~å~Ú áêʼnõΩÅ PkèѨ`åºxfl ã¨Ç≤ÏOK«~°∞, ã¨=∞i÷OK«~°∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ q=ÚH˜Î HÀ~°∞`«∞#flk D PO„^èŒ ^ÀÑ≤_ô ^•~°∞Å#∞OKÕ. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ „Ѩ[ÅÃÑ· `≥ÅOQÍ} "åiH˜ Z@∞=O˜ =ºuˆ~Hõ`« ÖË^Œ∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å ~À^Œ#, P"Õ^Œ#‰õΩ Kåi„`«Hõ, QÆ}ÏOHõ P^è•~åÅ∞<åfl~Ú. PO„^èŒ, `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„ëêìÅ qb#O ã¨=∂# „áêuѨkHõ# [~°QÆÖË^Œ∞. KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl XѨÊO^•Å∞, r"ÀÅ∞ |∞@ì^•YÅÜ«∂º~Ú. WzÛ# Ǩ g∞Å∞ LÅ¡OѶ≤∞OK«|_®¤~Ú. Éè∫uHõ =#~°∞Å∞, „^Œ=º =#~°∞Å∞, [<åÉèÏ x+¨ÊuÎ „áêuѨkHõ# L^ÀºQÍÅ∞, q^ŒºÃÑ·, [Å=#~°∞ÅÃÑ· ˆHÏ~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ [~°QÆÖË^Œ∞. L=∞‡_ç ~å„+¨ìO U~°Ê_ç# <å˜ #∞O_ç HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ ã¨OѨ#fl =~åæÅ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ#∞ ã¨=∞iúOKÕ áêʼnõΩÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å#∞ =OzOKå~°∞. ^ŒQÍKÕâß~°∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} Ѩ@¡ q=Hõ∆‰õΩ, Jã¨=∂#`«Å‰õΩ, "≥#∞HõÉÏ@∞`«<åxH˜ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ áêʼnõΩÅ q^è•<åÖË HÍ~°}ÏÅ∞QÍ LO@∂ =KåÛ~Ú. JO^Œ∞=Å¡<Õ „Ѩ[Å∞ áêʼnõΩŠѨ@¡ qâßfiã¨O HÀÖ’ÊÜ«∂~°∞. HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ ã¨OѨ#fl =~åæÅ PkèѨ`åºxfl, ^ÀÑ≤_ôx ÉèíiOK«ÖËHõ =∂#ã≤HõOQÍ XˆH ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ LO_»ÖË=∞#fl x~å÷~°}‰õΩ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ =KåÛ~°∞. „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ~å„+¨ì"Õ∞ WO^Œ∞‰õΩ Ñ¨iëê¯~° =∂~°æ=∞x ÉèÏqOKå~°∞. Hõ#∞Hõ<Õ QÆ`« 60 UO_»∞¡QÍ P`«‡Q“~°=O HÀã¨O `≥ÅOQÍ} J}QÍi# „Ѩ[Å∞ KÕã¨∞Î#fl ™ê=∂lHõ áÈ~å@q∞k. ™êfi=ÅO|#, ã¨fiѨiáêÅ# H˘~°‰õΩ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl ~å[H©Ü«∞ L^Œº=∞O Wk. `«=∞ „áêO`« =#~°∞ÅÃÑ· `«=∞ˆH JkèHÍ~°O HÍ"åÅx [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ L^Œº=∞O Wk. D L^Œº=∞O WѨC_»∞ XHõ H©ÅHõ ^Œâ◊‰õΩ KÕ~°∞‰õΩ#flk. Kåi„`«HõOQÍ K«∂ã≤<å, L=∞‡_ç~å„+¨ì J#O`«~° Ѩi}Ï=∂Å∞ K«∂ã≤# ã¨"≥∞ÿHͺO„^èŒ#∞ HÀˆ~ <≥·uHõ ǨωõΩ¯ ã‘=∂O„^茉õΩÖË^Œ∞. P~°∞ ^ŒâßÉÏÌÅ∞ J}QÍi# `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å L^Œº=∞O Ѷ¨e`«OQÍ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ì U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ =∂~°æO ã¨∞QÆ=∞O J~ÚºOk. D „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞#∞ "ÕQÆ=O`«OQÍ [~°∞Ѩ_®xH˜, áê~°¡"≥∞OòÖ’ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ~å„+¨ì aÅ∞¡#∞ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ@ì_®xH˜ XuÎ_ç fã¨∞Hõ ~å=eû# ã¨=∞Ü«∞O Wk. áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞Ö’ ÃÑ@ìÉ’ÜÕ∞ aÅ∞¡Ö’ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ J<åºÜ«∞O [~°∞QƉõΩO_® J„Ѩ=∞`«ÎOQÍ LO_»_»O `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞Å Hõ~°Î=ºO. JÖψQ `≥ÅOQÍ} ѨÙ#ifl~å‡}ÏxH˜ `«y# „áêuѨkHõÅ∞ U~åÊ@∞ KÕã¨∞HÀ=_»O W"åfioì J=ã¨~°O. Ѩk lÖÏ¡Å`À ‰õÄ_ç# `≥ÅOQÍ} Ü«∞^ä•`«^äŒOQÍ W™êÎ=∞x ˆHO„^ŒO „ѨHõ˜OK«_»O`À ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ ÉèÏQÆ=∞x ã¨∂„`«„áêÜ«∞OQÍ JOwHõiOz#@ì~ÚOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} Ѩ@¡ QÆ`« P~°∞ ^ŒâßÉÏÌÅ∞QÍ HÍO„ÔQãπ, ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ã¨OѨ#fl=~åæÅ∞ `«ÅÃјì# ‰õΩ„@Å∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ Hõ#∞Hõ áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞Ö’ `≥ÅOQÍ} aÅ∞¡ P"≥∂^ŒO á⁄Ok ~å„+¨ìѨu ã¨O`«HõO KÕ¿ã =~°‰õΩ #=∞‡_®xH˜ gÅ∞ÖË^Œ∞. qÉèí[# „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ ã¨*Ï=ÙQÍ ™êQÆ_»O HÀã¨O ˆHO„^•xH˜ ã‘_»|∞¡ºã≤ H˘xfl ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞Å∞ KÕã≤Ok. #n [ÖÏÅ∞, q^Œ∞º`ü ѨOÑ≤}˜, =¸_»∞ „áêO`åÖ’¡ x=ã≤ã¨∞Î#fl áœ~°∞ÅO^Œi Ѩi~°Hõ∆}, Éèí„^Œ`«, „áê^äŒq∞Hõ ǨωõΩ¯Å‰õΩ Ç¨ g∞ =O˜ q+¨Ü«∂Ö’¡ xs‚`« HÍÅ=º=kèÖ’ XHõ '"≥∞HÍx[O— ~°∂á⁄OkOKåÅx ã‘_»|∞¡ºã≤ HÀiOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} U~°Ê_ç# `«~åfi`«, L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•xQÍ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£#∞ Ѩ^Õà◊¡áê@∞ LOKåÅh, P L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•xÖ’ Ô~O_»∞ ~å„ëêìÅ „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅ∞ ã¨=∞~°÷=O`«OQÍ Ñ¨x KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ K«~°ºÅ∞ fã¨∞HÀ"åÅh, Ѩ^Õà◊¡Ö’QÍ PO„^èŒ ~å„ëêìxH˜ H˘`«Î ~å[^è•xx xi‡OKåÅh ã¨∂zOzOk. ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ #QÆ~åxfl Ѩ^ÕO_»¡ =~°‰õΩ L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•xQÍ K≥ѨÊ_»O `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ JO`« P"≥∂^ŒÜ≥∂QƺO HÍ^Œ∞. H˘`«Î ~å[^è•x x~å‡}ÏxH˜ Ô~O_ÕO_»¡ Hõ<åfl Z‰õΩ¯= Ѩ@ì^Œ∞. =∞i Ѩ^ÕO_»∞¡ ÃÑ@ì_»"Õ∞q∞˜? H˘`«Î ~å[^è•xx xi‡OK«∞ HÀ=_®xH˜ gÅ∞QÍ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ =ã¨`«∞Å∞ Ѩiq∞`« HÍÅO LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞ HÀ=_®xH˜ J#∞=∞u=fi_»OÖ’ JÉèíºO`«~°O ÖË^Œ∞.
11.
11 ÃãÃÑìO|~ü, 2013 HÍh
L=∞‡_ç ~å[^è•x J<Õ Ñ¨^Œ"Õ∞ JÉèíºO`«~°Hõ~°"≥∞ÿ#k. ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£`À ã¨Ç¨ `≥ÅOQÍ}ÃÑ· Ѩ~å~Ú ÃÑ`«Î#O LO_»‰õÄ_»^Œ<Õ^Õ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å Jaè=∞`«O. ~å[^è•x ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ P^•Ü«∂xfl ѨOK«∞HÀ"åÅ#fl +¨~°`«∞‰õΩ WHõ¯_ç „Ñ¨[Å∞ U=∂„`«O JOwHõiOK«~°∞. PO„^蕉õΩ x^èŒ∞Å∞ ÖËHõ áÈ`Õ ˆHO„^ŒO =^ŒÌ J_»∞HÀ¯"åe. JO`Õ QÍx `≥ÅOQÍ} P^•Ü«∞OÖ’ "åÏ W=fi_»"Õ∞q∞˜? ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ ѨiáêÅ#, âßOuÉèí„^Œ`«Å∞ ‰õÄ_® `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ѨikèÖ’<Õ LO_®e. ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£#∞ ˆHO„^•xH˜ (QÆ=~°fl~ü‰õΩ) JѨÊyOK«_»O JO>Ë `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å#∞ J==∂#Ѩ~°K«_»"Õ∞. ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£Ö’x PO„^èŒ ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞Å Pã¨∞ÎÅ ~°Hõ∆}‰õΩ K«@ìO KÕÜ«∞_»O ‰õÄ_® `«QÆ^Œ∞. Wk „Ѩ=∂^ŒHõ~° ^èÀ~°}˜. É’_ÀÖÏO_£Ö’ W@∞=O˜ Pã¨∞ÎÅ ~°Hõ∆} K«@ì"Õ∞ WѨC_»∞ P „áêO`åxfl JyflQÆ∞O_»OQÍ =∂iÛO^Œ<Õk =∞izáȉõÄ_»^Œ∞. ^˘_ç¤^•i# ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£#∞ ˆHO„^Œ áêe`« „áêO`«OQÍ =∂ˆ~Û ‰õΩ„@Å#∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ uÑ≤ÊH˘Ïìe. Ѩ^ÕO_»¡ áê@∞ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ P^•Ü«∞OÖ’ "åÏ J#∞Éèíqã¨∂Î, D #QÆ~åxfl ˆHO„^Œ áêe`« „áêO`«OQÍ =∂~°Û_»O `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ 㨿ãq∞~å JOw HõiOK«~°∞. ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ ÖËx `≥ÅOQÍ} JO>Ë `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ =∞~°}âßã¨#O ~åã≤#>Ë¡. ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ ѨÓiÎQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å KÕuÖ’ LO_»=Åã≤O^Õ. ~å„+¨ì qÉèí[# „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ ѨÓiÎ HÍ=_®xH˜ <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ÖË^• S^Œ∞ <≥ÅÅ∞ Ѩ_»∞`«∞O^Œ#_»O ‰õÄ_® *ÏѨºO KÕÜ«∞_»"Õ∞. ˆHO„^ŒO `«Å∞K«∞‰õΩO>Ë D "å<åHÍÅO áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞ ã¨=∂"ÕâßÅÖ’<Õ Ñ¨ÓiÎ KÕÜ«∞=K«∞Û. `«fi~°Ö’ ~å#∞#fl áê~°¡"≥∞Oò ZxflHõÖ’¡ ÅaÌ á⁄O^ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ HÍO„ÔQãπ áêsì „Ñ¨[Å#∞ =∞ÉèíºÃÑ>ËìO^Œ∞‰õΩ `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨHõ˜OzO^• J#fl J#∞=∂#O ‰õÄ_® HõÅ∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. QÀ^•=i xHõ~°[ÖÏÅ∞ 1480 ©ZOã‘Å∞, Hõ$ëê‚ xHõ~°[ÖÏÅ∞ 811 ©ZOã‘Å∞. #∂`«#OQÍ U~°Ê_»É’ÜÕ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}, ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ~å„ëêìÅ∞ Ѩi+¨¯iOK«∞HÀ=eû# JOâßÖ’¡ #k [ÖÏÅ∞ ѨOѨHõO H©ÅHõ"≥∞ÿOk. QÆ`«OÖ’ |Kå=`ü „˜|∞º#Öò PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò‰õΩ 811 ©ZOã‘Å∞ Hõ$ëê‚#k [ÖÏÅ#∞ ˆHÏ~ÚOzOk. JO^Œ∞Ö’ PO„^茉õΩ 369.74 ©ZOã‘Å∞, ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞‰õΩ 146 ©ZOã‘Å∞, `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ 295.26 ©ZOã‘Å∞ ^ŒHͯ~Ú. JÖψQ QÀ^•=i q+¨Ü«∂xH˜ =¿ãÎ |Kå=`ü x"ÕkHõ P^è•~°OQÍ qq^èŒ ~å„ëêìÅ∞ ‰õΩ^Œ∞~°∞Û‰õΩ#fl XѨÊO^ŒO P^è•~°OQÍ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò‰õΩ 1480 ©ZOã‘Å∞ ^ŒHͯ~Ú. WO^Œ∞Ö’ PO„^茉õΩ 580 ©ZOã‘Å∞, `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ 900 ©ZOã‘Å∞ ÅaèOKåe. J~Ú`Õ QÀ^•=i [ÖÏÅ∞ WOHÍ ã¨QÆO qxÜ≥∂yOK«∞HÀ"åeû LOk. ã¨Ç¨Ï[OQÍ JO`«~å˚fÜ«∞ [Å ã¨∂„`åÅ∞, *ÏfÜ«∞ [Åq^è•#O, „˜|∞º#Öòû KÕ¿ã h˜ ѨOѨHõO P^è•~°OQÍ #k [ÖÏÅ#∞ qxÜ≥∂yOK«∞HÀ"åeû LO@∞Ok. Éèíq+¨º`«∞ÎÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ}, ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ~å„ëêìÅ =∞^茺 h˜ q"å^ŒO `«ÖˇuÎ`Õ ˆHO„^ŒO „˜|∞º#Öò#∞ U~åÊ@∞ KÕ¿ã J=HÍâ◊O LOk. J~Ú<å ã‘=∂O„^èŒ∞Å∞ h˜ H˘~°‰õΩ QÆQÀæÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O J~°÷O ÖËx "å^Œ#. `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨHõ˜ã¨∂Î<Õ HÍO„ÔQãπ =i¯OQ∑ Hõq∞© HÀ™êÎO„^èŒÖ’ x~å‡}OÖ’ L#fl áÈÅ=~åxH˜ *ÏfÜ«∞ Ǩϟ^• HõeÊOK«#∞#fl@∞¡ „ѨHõ˜OzOk. [Å=#~°∞Å∞ `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`«OÖ’x „áê}Ç≤Ï`« – KÕ"≥à◊¡ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì‰õΩ *ÏfÜ«∞ Ǩϟ^• HõeÊOK«‰õΩO_® q㨇iOzOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} "å^Œ∞Å _ç=∂O_»¡Ö’ Wk „Ѩ^è•#"≥∞ÿ# JOâ◊O. 2009 _çâ◊O|~üÖ’ áÈbã¨∞Å∞ L™ê‡xÜ«∂ HͺOѨãπÖ’H˜ K˘~°|_ç L^Œºq∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} q^•º~°∞÷ÅÃÑ·, áê„uˆHÜ«ÚÅ#∞ H˘˜ì "åi "åǨÏ<åÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® ^èŒfiOã¨O KÕÜ«∞_»O, Ǩ ã¨ìÖòÖ’ L#fl q^•º~°∞÷ÅÃÑ· ^•_»∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O, Ü«Ú=`«∞ÅѨ@¡ Jã¨ÉèíºOQÍ =º=ǨÏiOK«_»O XHõ pHõ˜ Ѷ¨∞@ìO. =~°OQÆÖòÖ’ Ü«∂‰õÄÉò Ô~_ç¤, ~°Ç‘Ï=Úhfl™êʼnõΩ `«ye# QÍÜ«∂Å∞ áÈbã¨∞Å, PO„^è• QÆ∂O_®Å ^•+‘ìHÍxH˜ ã¨r= ™êH∆ͺÅ∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} a_»¤ÅÃÑ· "ÕÅ H˘kÌ ˆHã¨∞Å∞ WѨʘH© L<åfl~Ú. `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞OÃÑ· L‰õΩ¯áê^ŒO "≥∂áê~°∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞OÖ’ áêÖÁæ#fl"åiÃÑ· J„Hõ=∞ ˆHã¨∞Å∞, ɡ·O_À=~°∞¡, JÔ~ã¨∞ìÅ∞, ÖÏsîKås˚Å∞, ~°|ƒ~ü |∞Öˇ@∞¡, ÉÏ+¨Ê"åÜ«Ú=Ù „ѨÜ≥∂yOz# „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO WѨC_»∞ =∞# =ÚYº=∞O„u H˜~°}ü‰õΩ=∂~ü Ô~_ç¤ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞ÅÃÑ· ~°|ƒ~ü `«∂ÏÅ∞, ÉÏ+¨Ê"åÜ«Ú=Ù LѨÜ≥∂yOK«=^ŒÌx Ç≤Ï`«=٠ѨÅ∞‰õΩ`«∞<åfl_»O>Ë PO„^èŒ áêʼnõΩÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ÅÃÑ· QÆ`« <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞QÍ ZO`« xÜ«∞O`«$`«fiO`À áêâ◊qHõOQÍ =º=ǨÏiOKå~À QÆ∞~°∞ÎKÕã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë áêʼnõΩÅ q=Hõ∆ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ŠѨ@¡ ZO`«QÍ LO^À J~°÷=∞=Ù`ÀOk. ã¨=∞㨺Š™ê^èŒ#‰õΩ Z=Ô~·<å L^Œºq∞OKÕ Ç¨Ï‰õΩ¯ LO@∞Ok. J~Ú`Õ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ ǨωõΩ¯Å‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ PO„^èŒ ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞Å∞ ™êyã¨∞Î#fl Q˘_»=Å∞ Wq. ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£Ö’x J„Hõ=∞ Pã¨∞ÎÅ∞ HÍáê_»∞HÀ=_®xH˜, ˆ~Ѩ٠U~°Ê_»É’ÜÕ∞ PO„^èŒ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x =#~°∞Å∞, HÍO„ωõΩìÅÃÑ· Ǩ g∞Å∞ á⁄O^Œ_®xH˜ 'L^Œº=∞O— =Úã¨∞QÆ∞Ö’ ™êyã¨∞Î#fl
12.
12#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} q^èŒfiOã¨q∞k. ѨxQÆ@∞ì‰õΩx
J=∂Ü«∞Hõ Ñ≤Å¡Å#∞ [=∞ KÕã≤ x<å^•Å∞ WÑ≤ÊOK«_»O, áÈbã¨∞Å Hõ#∞ã¨#flÖ’¡ QÆ∂O_®Å`À q^èŒfiOã¨O ™êyOK«_»O L^Œº=∞O JxÑ≤OK«∞HÀ^Œ∞. x*ÏxH˜ D Q˘_»=Å`À JHõ¯_ç „Ñ¨[ʼnõΩ ã¨O|O^èŒ"Õ∞ ÖË^Œ∞. ã‘=∂O„^茉õΩ K≥Ok# „ѨÉèí∞`«fi L^ÀºQÆ∞Å∞, Psìã‘ `«k`«~° „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ~°OQÆ HÍi‡‰õΩÅ∞ PQÆ+¨µì 12 J~°ú~å„u #∞Oz `«ÅÃјì# ã¨"≥∞‡ Z=i „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ HÀã¨O? "åi ã¨"≥∞‡ =Å¡ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ™ê^è•~°} „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ LѨÜ≥∂QÆO U"≥∞ÿ<å L#fl^•? "åi áÈ~å@O ^èŒ~°‡|^Œú"≥∞ÿ#^Õ<å? ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£Ö’x `«=∞ J„Hõ=∞ Pã¨∞ÎÅ QÆ∞iOz# ÉèíÜ«∞O ã‘=∂O„^èŒ L^ÀºQÆ∞ʼnõΩ, ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞ʼnõΩ L#flk. `≥ÅOQÍ}#∞ ^ÀÑ≤_ô KÕã¨∞Î#fl D L^ÀºQÆ∞Å∞, ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞ÖË ã‘=∂O„^èŒ „Ѩ[Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® ^ÀÑ≤_ô KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. x*ÏxH˜ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~°Ê_»_»O =Å¡ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞Å∞ |ÅÇ‘Ï#Ѩ_»∞`å~°∞. D Ѩi}Ï=∂xfl ã‘=∂O„^èŒ „Ѩ[Å q=ÚH˜ÎH˜ ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_ÕkQÍ =∂~°∞ÛHÀ=_®xH˜ L^ÀºQÆ∞Å∞, HÍi‡‰õΩÅ∞ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ ~å=_®xH˜ |^Œ∞Å∞ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞Å „ѨÜ≥∂[<åŠѨi~°Hõ∆} HÀã¨O ã¨"≥∞‡ KÕÜ«∞_»O ã¨=∞~°÷hÜ«∞O HÍ^Œ∞. Wk ã‘=∂O„^èŒ L^ÀºQÆ∞Å ^ŒàÏs ã¨fiÉèÏ"åxH˜ x^Œ~°≈#O. D ã¨"≥∞‡ `≥ÅOQÍ}ˆH HÍ^Œ∞, ã‘=∂O„^èŒ „Ѩ*Ï „ѨÜ≥∂[<åʼnõÄ q~°∞^Œú"≥∞ÿ#k. „Ѩ*Ï L^Œº=∂ʼnõΩ ÉÏã¨@QÍ LO_»=Åã≤# g∞_çÜ«∂ `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞HÍÅOÖ’ ã‘=∂O„^èŒ áêÅHõ=~åæxH˜ H˘=Ú‡HÍã≤Ok. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ ǨωõΩ¯Å∞ ‰õÄ_® LO_»‰õÄ_»^Œ#fl@∞ìQÍ =º=ǨÏiOzOk. |O^£Å∞ [~°Ñ¨_»O U „Ѩ*Ï L^Œº=∞OÖ’<≥·<å XHõ x~°ã¨# ~°∂ѨO. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ |O^£ [iÑ≤#ѨC_»∞ PO„^èŒ g∞_çÜ«∂ |O^£ =Å¡ „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ HõëêìÅ∞ =zÛ Ñ¨_®¤Ü«∞O@∂ Hõ^äŒÅ∞ K≥Ñ≤ÊOk. q^•º~°∞÷Å∞ ~å[H©Ü«∂ʼnõΩ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO_®Åx JHõ¯_ç q^•ºi÷ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ KÕ`« ã¨∞^Œ∞ÌÅ∞ K≥Ñ≤ÊOzOk. q^•º ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞ |O^£ KÕ¿ãÎ K«^Œ∞=Ù ^≥|ƒuO@∞O^Œx H˘O^Œ~°∞ `«e¡^ŒO„_»∞Å#∞ =ÚO^Œ∞ Ãјì ã¨HõÅ[#∞Å ã¨"≥∞‡#∞ |^Œ<åO KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ Ü«∞uflOzOk. HÍh WѨC_»∞ J^Õ g∞_çÜ«∂ PO„^èŒÖ’ |O^£‰õΩ „Ѩ[Å#∞ „¿Ñˆ~Ñ≤OzOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞O Ѩ@¡ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ‰õΩ„@ѨÓi`«OQÍ =º=ǨÏiOz#ѨC_»∞ ÏOH±|O_£ÃÑ· x~°ã¨#‰õΩ q„QÆǨ Å∞ ^èŒfiOã¨=∞Ü«∂º~Ú. P XHõ¯ Ѷ¨∞@#‰õΩ PO„^èŒ g∞_çÜ«∂, ‰õΩǨÏ<å "Õ∞^è•=ÙÅ∞ <å<å Ü«∂w KÕâß~°∞. <À˜H˘zÛ# ^Œ∞~åƒù+¨ÖÏ_®~°∞. HÍh WѨC_»∞ PO„^èŒÖ’ P"Õâ◊O`À HÍ^Œ∞, Ѩ^äŒHõO „ѨHÍ~°O WOk~å, ~år"£ QÍOnä q„QÆǨ Å∞ ^èŒfiOã¨=∞=Ù`«∞<åfl <À~°∞ "≥∞^ŒÑ¨_»O ÖË^Œ∞. áêÅ<å Ü«∞O„`åOQÆO ѨÓiÎQÍ L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞Å`À Hõeã≤ áÈ~ÚOk. QÆ`« K«i„`« s`åº, KÕ^Œ∞ J#∞Éèí"åÅ s`åº =∞#O _èçb¡ ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ =∂@Å∞ #q∞‡, *ÏQÆ~°∂Hõ`«`À LO_»HõáÈ`Õ... `≥OÅQÍ} ~å„ëêìxfl ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•~°∞Å∞ U Hõ∆}Ï<≥·fl<å, U ™ê÷~ÚÖ’<≥·<å J_»∞¤HÀQÆÅ ã¨=∞~°∞÷Å∞. `«=∞ ^ÀÑ≤_ô, PkèѨ`åºÅ#∞ xÅ∞ѨىõΩ<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ ZO`«˜ hKåxÔH·<å áêÅÊ_ç `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞#∞ P@OHõ ѨiKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „Ѩܫ∞ufl™êÎ~°∞. PYi Hõ∆}O =~°‰õÄ ‰õΩ„@Å∞, ‰õΩǨÏHÍʼnõΩ, ‰õΩǨÏ<åʼnõΩ áêÅÊ_»`å~°∞. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ∞Å XuÎ_çH˜ `«Ö’yæ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞ „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ #∞O_ç HÍO„ÔQãπ <≥#H˜¯`«yæ`Õ, „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º =º=ã¨÷#∞ J==∂# Ѩ~°z#@∞¡ ÉèÏqOK«=eû=ã¨∞ÎOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} ã¨=∂[O, `≥ÅOQÍ} "å^Œ∞Å∞, L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞Å∞ J„Ѩ=∞`«ÎOQÍ LO_ç `≥ÅOQÍ} aÅ∞¡ áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞Ö’ „Ѩ"Õâ◊Ãјì, P"≥∂^ŒO á⁄Ok, ~å„+¨ìѨu L`«Î~°∞fiÅ∞QÍ „ѨHõ@# "≥Å∞=_Õ ^•HÍ "≥∞ʼnõΩ=`À LO_®eûO^Õ. J#∞Hõ∆}O J„Ѩ=∞`«Î`À ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’, ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl Ѩi}Ï=∂Å#∞ Ѩijeã¨∂Î L^Œº=∂xfl H˘#™êyã¨∂Î =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ ™êyáÈ"åeû# J=ã¨~°O L#flk. ^Õâ◊OÖ’ 29= ~å„+¨ìOQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞ HÍ=_®xH˜ Ü«¸Ñ‘U ã¨=∞#fiÜ«∞ Hõq∞©, ã‘_»|∞¡ºã≤Å∞ P"≥∂kOKå~Ú QÆ#∞Hõ, WHõ JO^Œi ^Œ$+≤ì Pq~åƒù=O ~ÀAÃÑ·<Õ LO@∞Ok. nxH˜ ^•^•Ñ¨Ù 200~ÀAÅ∞ Ѩ@ì=K«Ûx xѨÙ}∞Å∞ K≥|∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. QÆ∞ÖÏO#c P*Ï^£ Jaè„áêÜ«∞O „ѨHÍ~°O D „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ JO`å 180 ~ÀAÖ’¡ ѨÓiÎ HÍ=K«∞Û. ~å„+¨ì JÃãOc¡ P"≥∂kOz<å, P"≥∂kOK«HõáÈ~Ú<å `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞ MÏÜ«∞=∞x kyfi[Üü∞ã≤OQ∑ K≥áêÊ~°∞. H˘`«Î~å„+¨ìO U~åÊ@∞ „Ѩuáê^Œ#ÃÑ· ˆHO„^Œ ǨϟOâßY ˆHa<≥ò‰õΩ <Àò#∞ ã¨=∞iÊOz# <≥Å~ÀAÖ’¡QÍ =∞O„u=~°æ LѨã¨OѶ¨∞O ^•xfl ѨijeOz =∞m¡ `«# <Àò#∞ ˆHa<≥ò‰õΩ Ñ¨OÑ≤ã¨∞ÎOk. P `«~åfi`« aÅ∞¡#∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOz ~å„+¨ìѨu ã≤á¶ê~°∞û‰õΩ Ñ¨OÑ≤™êÎ~°∞. P aÅ∞¡ÃÑ· ~å„+¨ì âßã¨#ã¨Éèí, =∞O_»eÖ’ ‰õÄ_® ѨijÅ# [iÑ≤ Jaè„áêÜ«∞O `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ«∞=Åã≤ LO@∞Ok. J~Ú`Õ aÅ∞¡#∞ ~å„+¨ìâßã¨# ã¨Éèí P"≥∂kOK«HõáÈ~Ú<å ˆHO„^ŒO H˘xfl „Ѩ`ÕºHõ qK«Hõ∆}ÏkèHÍ~åÅ H˜O^Œ ã¨fiÜ«∞O x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. Ö’H±ã¨Éèí, ~å[ºã¨ÉèíÖ’ ™ê^è•~°} "≥∞*Ïi©`À aÅ∞¡ P"≥∂^ŒO á⁄Ok<å J=∞Å∞Ö’H˜ `Õ=K«∞Û. áê~°¡"≥∞O@∞ LÉèíÜ«∞ã¨ÉèíÖ’¡#∂
13.
13 ÃãÃÑìO|~ü, 2013 P"≥∂^ŒO
á⁄Ok# `«~åfi`« ~å„+¨ìѨu P"≥∂^ŒO HÀã¨O ѨOÑ≤™êÎ~°∞. PÜ«∞# P"≥∂kOK«QÍ<Õ H˘`«Î~å„+¨ìO U~åÊ>ˇÿ#@∞¡ <À˜Ñ¶≤ˆH+¨<£ "≥Å∞=_»∞`«∞Ok. D `«`«OQÆ=∞O`å ѨÓiÎ HÍ=_®xH˜ =∂=¸Å∞QÍ P~°∞<≥ÅÅ∞ Ѩ@ì=K«∞Û QÍh, S^Œ∞ <≥ÅÖ’¡QÍ Ñ¨ÓiÎ KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ ‰õÄ_® J=HÍâ◊O LOk. Ü«¸Ñ‘U „ѨÉèí∞`åfixH˜ z`«Îâ◊√kú LO>Ë H˘`«Î ã¨O=`«û~°O „áê~°OÉèÏxH˜ H˘`«Î ~å„+¨ìOQÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} Pq~°ƒùqOKÕ q^èŒOQÍ „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞#∞ H˘#™êyOK«=K«∞Û. D <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} aÅ∞¡#∞ "≥O@<Õ P"≥∂kOKåÅx `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ HÀ~°∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. P~°∞ ^ŒâßÉÏÌÅ∞QÍ `≥ÅOQÍ} J}z"Õ`«‰õΩ QÆ∞~°=Ù`«∞<åfl ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ~å*ϺOQÆ ÉÏ^茺`«#∞ x~°fiiÎOK«‰õΩO_® xã¨ûǨ Ü«∞OQÍ LO_ç áÈ`«∞#flk. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ∞Å∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞#∞ J_»∞¤HÀ=_®xH˜ â◊`« q^è•Å „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. J_»∞¤HÀ=_»O ™ê^茺OHÍHõáÈ`Õ ^Ò~°˚#ºOQÍ HõÖ’¡ÅO ã¨$+≤ìOKåÅ<Õk "åi Z`«∞ÎQÆ_»QÍ HõxÊ™ÈÎOk. „Ѩ}Éò Hõq∞©H˜ PÜ«∂ áêsìÅ∞ `«=∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å∞ `≥eÜ«∞*Ëâß~Ú. W©=ŠǨϟO=∞O„u +≤O_Õ U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤# ã¨=∂"Õâ◊OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® Jxfl áêsìÅ∞ `«=∞ "≥·Yix `≥eáê~Ú. "≥·Zãπ =ÚYº=∞O„uQÍ L#flѨC_»∞ ‰õÄ_® JÃãOc¡Ö’ K«~°Û [iy#ѨC_»∞ XHõ˜Ô~O_»∞ z#fl áêsìÅ∞ `«Ñ¨Ê JO^Œ~°∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞#∞ JOwHõiOKå~°∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ JÃãOc¡ f~å‡#O á⁄O^Œ_»O `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i HÍ^Œ∞. ˆHO„^Œ Hͺa<≥ò x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞H˘x, =∞O„`«∞Å |$O^ŒO U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤ qÉèí[# q^è•#O ~°∂á⁄Ok¿ãÎ ã¨iáÈ`«∞Ok Jx ǨϟO=∞O„u +≤O_Õ ¿Ñ~˘¯<åfl~°∞. D "åºYºÅ#∞ ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO PK«~°}Ö’ K«∂Ѩ=Åã≤ L#flk. `≥ÅOQÍ} J#∞Éèíqã¨∞Î#fl H∆ÀÉèí, PO„^èŒ ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞Å Z`«∞ÎQÆ_»Å <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’ –ã¨∞ëê‡ ã¨fi~å*ò HÀi#@∞ì ~å„+¨ì qÉèí[# aÅ∞¡#∞ D "å#HÍÅ ã¨=∂"ÕâßÅÖ’<Õ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ Ãјì, 60 ~ÀAÅÖ’QÍ P"≥∂kOK«=K«∞Û nx =Å¡ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ H˘<ÕflO_»∞¡QÍ H˘# ™êQÆ∞`«∞#fl ã¨OH∆ÀÉèíO ã¨=∞ã≤áÈ~Ú, `≥ÅOQÍ} ã¨=∞㨺 âßâ◊fi`«OQÍ Ñ¨iëê¯~°"≥∞ÿáÈ`«∞Ok. x*ÏxH˜ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ Z=i ǨωõΩ¯Å‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ L^Œºq∞OK«_»O ÖË^Œ∞. Z=i <À˜ HÍ_ç ‰õÄ_»∞#∞ ÖÏHÀ¯=_»O ÖË^Œ∞. PO„^èŒ „áêO`«OÃÑ· PkèѨ`åºxfl HÀ~°∞HÀ=_»O ÖË^Œ∞. JHõ¯_ç =#~°∞Å#∞ H˘Å¡Q˘ÏìÅ#∞HÀ=_»O ÖË^Œ∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ P`«‡ Q“~°=O HÀã¨O, ã¨fiÜ«∞O áêÅ# HÀã¨O L^Œºq∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. HÍh PO„^èŒ |_® ÉÏ|∞Å∞ ™êyã¨∞Î#fl PO^Àà◊# `≥ÅOQÍ}ÃÑ· ÃÑ`«Î<åxH˜! `≥ÅOQÍ} =#~°∞Å#∞ ^ÀK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜! `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[ŠǨωõΩ¯Å#∞ HÍÅ~åÜ«∞_®xH˜! J#flk ã¨∞ã¨Ê+¨ìO. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ∞Å ^Œ∞~°∞ƒkÌH˜ =∞K«∞Û‰õΩ XHõ¯ ã¨OѶ¨∞@# ~å„+¨ì qÉèí[# „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ „áê~°OÉèí=∞=Ù`«∞#fl <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’ ã¨z"åÅÜ«∞OÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`åxH˜ K≥Ok# Ô~"≥#∂º ÃѶ·à◊¡#∞ JkèHÍ~°∞Å∞ `«QÆ∞Åɡ˜ì# q+¨Ü«∂xfl ã¨=∞¿ãÎ `≥ÅOQÍ} Ѩ„uHõ "≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’H˜ `≥zÛOk. ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£ K«∞@∞ìѨHõ¯Å J„Hõ=∞OQÍ P„Hõq∞Oz# Éèí∂=ÚÅ q+¨Ü«∞O ZHõ¯_» "≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’H˜ =ã¨∞ÎO^À##fl ÉèíÜ«∞O`À ÃѶ·à◊¡#∞ `«QÆ∞ÅɡÏì~°#∞@Ö’ ã¨O^ÕǨÏO ÖË^Œ∞. D Ѷ¨∞@#ÃÑ· ~å„+¨ì Ö’HÍÜ«ÚHõÎ f„=OQÍ ã¨ÊOkOzOk. D Ѷ¨∞@#ÃÑ· ã¨=∞„QÆ qKå~°} [iÑ≤OKåÅx „ѨÉèí∞`åfixfl P^ÕtOzOk. WO`« P^èŒ∞xHõ Ü«ÚQÆOÖ’ XHõ „áêO`«O "åà◊√¡ =∞~À „áêO`«OÃÑ· ÃÑ`«Î#O HÀã¨O Q˘_»=Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O, ^•xx L^Œº=∞OQÍ g∞_çÜ«∂ „ѨKå~°O KÕÜ«∞_»O „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ ZHõ¯_≥·<å L#fl^•? „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ =º=ã¨÷Ö’ ^ÀK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜, ^•K«∞HÀ=_®xH˜, W`«~°∞ÅÃÑ· ÃÑ`«Î#O KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ K«i„`«Ö’ ZHõ¯_® L^Œº=∂Å∞ [iy# J#"åà◊√¡ ÖË=Ù. ã‘=∂O„^èŒ ÃÑ`«ÎO^•~°∞Å∞ =∂„`«O QÆ∂O_®Å ÖÏQÆ =º=ǨÏiã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. WÖÏO˜ L^Œº=∂Å∞ ^Ò~°˚#ºÑ¨Ói`«"≥∞ÿ#"Õ QÍx „Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ "≥∞ÿ#q HÍ=Ù. x*ÏxH˜ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å∞ HÀ~°∞‰õΩO@∞#flk ~å¢+¨ì qÉèí[# HÍ^Œ∞. 1956 <å˜ |Å=O`«Ñ¨Ù qb<åxfl ~°^Œ∞Ì KÕÜ«∞=∞x =∂„`«"Õ∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ L#fl`« ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ kâß xˆ~Ìâ◊O [iQÍHõ, PO^Àà◊# ^•fi~å, ÃÑ_»ÉÁ|ƒÅ ^•fi~å 2009 _çâ◊O|~ü 9 <å˜ „ѨHõ@##∞ uÑ≤ÊH˘˜ì#@∞¡ WѨC_»∞ ‰õÄ_® uÑ≤ÊH˘@ìQÆÅ=∞#∞‰õΩO>Ë „Éèí"Õ∞ J=Ù`«∞Ok. HÍO„ÔQãπ Jkèëêì#OÖ’ =zÛ# =∂~°∞Ê#∞ q㨇iOK«_»O Hõà◊√§O_ç K«∂_»ÖËx HõÉ’k`«#"Õ∞ H͉õΩO_® `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å K≥·`«<åºxfl `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ JOK«<å "ÕÜ«∞_»"Õ∞ J=Ù`«∞Ok. `≥ÅOQÍ} L^Œº=∞HÍ~°∞Å∞, |∞kúr=ÙÅ∞ J„Ѩ=∞`«Î`«`À LO_®e. WÅ∞¡ JÅ∞HõQÍ<Õ Ñ¨O_»∞QÆ J~ÚáÈ^Œ∞ J#fl@∞¡ `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨHõ@# ~åQÍ<Õ `≥ÅOQÍ} =zÛ#@∞¡ HÍ^Œ∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} =zÛ<å `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ[Å PHÍOHõ∆Å∞ fiáÈ=Ù. „Ѩ*Ï™êfi=∞º `≥ÅOQÍ} H˘~°‰õΩ áÈ~åÏÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞Hõ `«Ñ¨Ê^Œ∞. (~°K«~Ú`«-q„âßO`« Láê^蕺ܫÚ_»∞)
14.
14#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} =∂~°∞`«∞#fl*ˇO_®Å∞-Z*O_®Å∞ -_®IIl.ÅK«ÛÜ«∞º PQÆã¨∞ì 11,
2013# PO„^èŒÉèí∂q∞Ö’ ''~å„ëêìÅ "å^Œ#Å∞- ~å[H©Ü«∂Å∞—— J<Õ <Õ#∞ ~åã≤# HÍÅ"£∞#∞ K«kq# qâßY #∞Oz ÖÏÜ«∞~°∞ <å~Úx âı+¨‰õΩ=∂~ü(áê~î°‰õΩ_»∞) ^Õâ◊OÖ’ 50 ~å„ëêìÅ∞ HÍ"åÅx PHÍOH˜∆ã¨∂Î =∂Ï¡_®_»∞. z`«∂Î~ü #∞Oz =∞~À áê~î°‰õΩ_»∞ ã¨ÊOkã¨∂Î, HÍÅ"£∞Ö’ ã¨∂zOz# q^èŒOQÍ [~°∞QÆ∞`Õ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞‰õΩ q=ÚH˜Î Åaèã¨∞ÎO^Œx ã¨O`À+¨Ñ¨_®¤_»∞. PQÆã¨∞ì 18, <å˜ 'âßâ◊fi`« Ѩiëê¯~°O ÅaèOKåeû# `«~°∞}q∞^Õ— J<Õ HÍÅ"£∞ K«kq# z`«∂Î~°∞ lÖÏ¡ =∞^Œ#Ѩe¡ #∞Oz ÖÏÜ«∞~ü QÀáêÅHõ$+¨‚ =∂Ï¡_»∞`«∂, ã‘=∞ ~å[H©Ü«∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ `«Ñ¨C_»∞ q^è•<åefl ZO_»QÆÏì_»∞. D ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ [#`åáêsìH˜ x#fl˜^•HÍ J^茺‰õ∆Ω_»∞QÍ =º=ǨÏiOz# ã¨∞„|Ǩχ}º™êfiq∞ ^Õâ◊OÖ’ 60 ~å„ëêìÅ∞ HÍ"åÅx „ѨHõ˜OKå_»∞. 1955Ö’, Ѷ¨[ÖòJb Hõq∞© WzÛ# x"ÕkHõ ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ _®IIa.P~ü.JOÉË^Œ¯~ü =∂Ï¡_»∞`«∂, z#fl ~å„ëêìÖË "≥∞ÿ<åi©Å‰õΩ, H˜Ok =~åæʼnõΩ ™œÅÉèíºOQÍ =ÙO@∂, ~å[H©Ü«∞, Pi÷Hõ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=∞ºOÖ’ áêÅ∞ ѨOK«∞‰õΩ<ÕÖÏ KÕ™êÎÜ«∞x K≥ѨÙ`«∂, ÉèÏëê „Ñ¨Ü«ÚHõÎ ~å„ëêìÅ∞ D =~åæʼnõΩ Ug∞ ^ŒHõ¯hÜ«∞Hõ L#fl`« =~åæÅ∞(PO.„Ѩ.Ö’ Ô~_»∞¡, Hõ=∞‡Å∞, "≥Å=∞Å∞-XHõѨC_»∞ „ÉÏǨχ}∞Å∞) Åaú á⁄O^Œ∞`åÜ«∞x "åºMϺxOKå_»∞. XHõ¯ QÍOnè `«Ñ¨Ê <≥„Ǩ˙, =Å¡ÉÏ~Ú Ñ¨>ËÖò, ~å[QÀáêÖÏKåi z=iH˜ PO„^èŒ #∞Oz „áêux^茺O KÕã¨∂Î, HÍO„ÔQãπ J^茺‰õ∆ΩÅ∞QÍ =Ù#fl ѨÏìaè ã‘`å~å=∞Ü«∞º *ˇqÑ≤(<≥„Ǩ˙, =Å¡Éò, ѨÏìaè) Hõq∞© ã¨Éèí∞º_çQÍ ÉèÏëêѨ~° ~å„ëêìefl =ºuˆ~H˜OKå_»∞. ÉèÏëêѨ~°"≥∞ÿ# ~å„ëêìÅ (<å_»∞ „áÈqxûãπ) PÖ’K«# „a©+¨µ WO_çÜ«∂Ö’ HÍO„ÔQãπ ^Œ∞~°∞ƒ^Õú. 1908Ö’ cǨ ~ü, 1917Ö’ PO„^è•, ã≤O^è£ „áÈqxûÜ«∞Öò Hõq∞©Å∞ U~°Ê_®¤~Ú. W"Õ `«~åfi`« „áêOfÜ«∞ HÍO„ÔQãπ Hõq∞©Å∞QÍ =∂~å~Ú. D ^èÀ~°}∞ÅÃÑ· ѨijeOK«_®xÔH· E<£ 1948Ö’ HÍ#∞ìû@∂ºÜ≥∞ò JÃãOc¡ JÅǨ ÉÏ^£ ÃÇ·ÏHÀ~°∞ì [_ç˚ Zãπ.ÔH.^•~ü <åÜ«∞Hõ`åfi# ÖÏÜ«∞~ü *ˇZ<£ ÖÏÖò, Ѩ^Œg q~°=∞} KÕã≤# „ѨÉèí∞`«fi JkèHÍi Ѩ<åflÖÏÖòÅ`À PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìO =∞„^•ãπ #∞Oz "Õ~°∞HÍ"åÅ<Õ _ç=∂O_£`À eOyfiã≤ìH± „á⁄qxûãπ Hõg∞+¨<£#∞ "Õã≤Ok. D Hõq∞© ^Õâ◊=∞O`å uiy qq^èŒ =~åæÅ Jaè„áêÜ«∂efl ¿ãHõiOz, ^Õâ◊ ã¨=∞„QÆ`«‰õΩ ÉèÏëê Ѩ~°"≥∞ÿ# ~å„ëêìÅ∞ J_»∞¤QÀ_»ÖÏ¡ xÅ∞™êÎÜ«∞x `≥eÑ≤Ok. 1949Ö’ HÍO„ÔQãπ ѨH∆Í# U~°Ê_ç# *ˇqÑ≤ Hõq∞˜ ‰õÄ_® ÉèÏëê ~å„ëêìefl =ºuˆ~H˜OzOk. P<å_Õ =∞„^•ãπ HÍ"åÅ#fl Ѷ¨∞#∞Å∞: ^•^•Ñ¨Ù 1918 #∞Oz =Ù#fl PO„^è• „áÈqxûãπ _ç=∂O_£ ™êfi`«O„`«ºO `«~åfi`« TѨO^Œ∞‰õΩOk. D <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’<Õ JHÀì|~ü 1952Ö’ á⁄˜ì N~å=ÚÅ∞ P=∞~°} x~åǨ ~° nHõ∆ KÕѨ˜ì 58 ~ÀAÅ `«~åfi`« _çÃãO|~üÖ’ =∞~°}˜OK«QÍ, L^Œº=∞O f„=~°∂ѨO ^•ÅÛ_»O`À, <≥„Ǩ˙ =∞O„u =~°æO PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ì U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ JOwHõiOzOk. nxfl Pã¨~åQÍ fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl PO„^èŒ ~å[H©Ü«∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ =∞„^•ãπ`À ‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#fl PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìO HÍ"åÅx Ѩ@∞ì|@ì_»O`À, U~åÊ@∞Ö’ *ÏѨºO ‰õÄ_® J~ÚOk. '=∞„^•ãπ =∞#^Õ— Jx PO„^èŒ∞Å∞, '#=∞‡ =∞„^•ãπ—(=∂ =∞„^•ãπ) Jx `«OcÅ∞ Ѩ@∞ì|_»_»O, ѨÏìaè ã‘`å~å=∞Ü«∞º PO„^茉õΩ =∞„^•ãπ#∞ W=fi‰õÄ_»^Œ<åfl=Ú QÍx, L=∞‡_ç ~å¢+¨ìOQÍ =ÙO_»^ŒÌx J#ÖË^Œx Ñ‘~î°=Ú_ç "Õ™ê_»∞. nxH˜ ã¨O`À+≤Oz# PO„^è• HÍO„ÔQãπ Hõq∞© f~å‡#O KÕÜ«∞_»O, nxfl ~å[QÀáêÖÏ Kåi <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiOÖ’ `«q∞à◊√Å∞ =ºuˆ~H˜Oz ˆHO„^ŒOÃÑ· XuÎ_ç `Õ=_»O, L=∞‡_ç =∞„^•ãπ =ÚYº=∞O„uQÍ L#fl @OQÆ∞@∂i „ѨHÍâ◊O ѨO`«∞Å∞ ~år<å=∂ KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. D ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’<Õ, H˘`«Î ~å¢+¨ìO U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ Pi÷Hõ, qkè q^è•<åÅÔH·, [ã≤ìãπ Z.Z<£."åOKè«∂ Hõq∞©x "ÕÜ«∞QÍ, H˘`«Î ~å[^è•x U~°Ê_Õ^•HÍ =¸_»∞ #∞Oz S^Œ∞ ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞ =∞„^•ã¨∞ ˆHO„^ŒOQÍ<Õ PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ì ѨiáêÅ# ™êQÍÅ#_»O`À, =ÚYº=∞O„u J~Ú# ~å[QÀáêÖÏKåi =ºuˆ~H˜OK«_»O, ~år<å=∂ KÕ™êÎ#x ɡkiOK«_»O [iyOk. "åOKè«∂ ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞‰õΩ ã¨O`À+≤Oz# PO„^èŒ∞Å∞ =∞iO`« =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩáÈ~Ú =∞„^•ãπ#∞ pѶπ Hõg∞+¨#ˆ~ò(ˆHO„^Œ áêe`« „áêO`«OÖÏ) KÕÜ«∂Åx HÀ~å~°∞. 32 =∞Ok `«q∞à◊ ZOÑ‘Å∞ "≥Ú`«ÎOQÍ D „Ѩuáê^Œ##∞ =ºuˆ~H˜OK«_»O`À D Hõq∞© ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞Å#∞ J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞Hõ H˘`«Î ~å[^è•xx U~åÊ@∞ KÕã¨∞H˘x L#fl Ѩà◊OQÍ PO„^èŒ∞Å∞ "≥àÏ¡Å<Õ _ç=∂O_£ =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ =zÛOk. LѨ~å¢+¨ìѨu ~å^è•Hõ$+¨‚<£, <≥„Ǩ˙ =∞O„u =~°æOÖ’x HÍi‡Hõ =∞O„uQÍ =Ù#fl qqyiÅ∞ #K«Û*ˇÑ≤Ê<å, ˆHO„^Œ =∞O„u=~°æO, <≥„Ǩ˙ "åOKè«∂ ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞Å#∞ XѨCHÀHõ, =∂iÛ 25, 1953# H˘`«Î ~å[^è•x`À PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìO U~°Ê_®Åx Ö’H±ã¨Éèí f~å‡xOzOk. z=iH˜ ‰õÄ"£∞ #kH˜ L`«Î~° ^ŒH˜∆} ÉèÏQÍÅ∞QÍ =∞„^•ãπ#∞ q_»nã≤, `«q∞à◊√ʼnõΩ ^ŒH˜∆} =∞„^•ãπ#∞, L`«Î~° ÉèÏQÍxfl #_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl HÍÅO
15.
15 ÃãÃÑìO|~ü, 2013 PO„^èŒ∞ʼnõΩ
W"åfiÅ<Õ ^•HÍ PO„^èŒ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ Ѩ@∞ì|Ïì~°∞. nxH˜ "å~°∞ K«∂Ñ≤# HÍ~°}O K≥#fl Ѩ@ì}Ïxfl K«O„^Œyi ~åA JѨÊ#fl `«# `«O„_çÜ≥ÿ∞# K≥#flÑ¨Ê ¿Ñ~°∞ g∞^Œ xi‡OKå_»x! ^•^•Ñ¨Ù P<å˜ PÖ’K«#Å<Õ <Õ_»∞ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ÃÑ· ˆ~ÔHuÎã¨∂Î ‰õΩ˜Å ~å[H©Ü«∂efl KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. PO„^èŒ H˘`«Î ~å[^è•xÔH· ã≤QÆѨ@∞¡: D q^èŒOQÍ =∞„^•ãπ KÕ*Ï~°_»O`À, H˘`«Î ~å[^è•x "Õ@ „áê~°OÉèíO HÍ=_»O, nxÔH· ÃÑ^ŒÌ `«`«OQÆO, ~å[H©Ü«∂Å∞ [iQÍ~Ú. ã‘=∞ Ô~_»∞¡ ã‘=∞Ö’ ~å[^è•h JO>Ë Hõ=∞‡Å∞, Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ìÅ PO„^èŒ Jh, q[Ü«∞"å_» Jx Ѩ@∞ì|Ïì~°∞. hÅO ã¨Or=Ô~_ç¤ J#O`«Ñ¨Ó~ü#∞, ~°OQÍ Hõ$+≤HÍ~ü Ö’H±áêsì u~°∞Ѩux, `≥<Õfl˜ qâ◊fi<å^äŒO qâßY#∞ ~å[^è•x KÕÜ«∂Åx HÀ~°QÍ, Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ìÅ∞ q[Ü«∞"å_»#∞ ~å[^è•x KÕ¿ãÎ JO^ŒiH˜ J#∞=ÙQÍ =ÙO@∞O^Œx _ç=∂O_£ KÕ™ê~°∞. nO`À q[Ü«∞"å_»<Õ ~å[^è•xQÍ =∂~°∞`«∞O^Œx ÉèÏqOz# Éèí∂HÍ=∂O^èŒ∞Å∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ ^èŒ~°efl J=∂O`«OQÍ ÃÑOKÕ™ê~°∞ ‰õÄ_®! (WѨC_»∞ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#fl@∞¡QÍ). D q^èŒOQÍ ~å[^è•xx Z@∂ `ÕÅ∞ÛHÀÖËx ã≤÷uÖ’ ÉèÏ~åxfl L‰õΩ¯=∞x+≤ „ѨHÍâ◊OÃÑ· ÃÑÏì~°∞. nxH˜ „ѨHÍâ◊O PÖ’zOz, NÉèÏQ∑ XѨÊO^ŒO „ѨHÍ~°O ã‘=∞Ö’ J~Ú`Õ ÉÏQÆ∞O@∞O^Œx ÉèÏqOz, Hõ~°∂flÖò#∞ „ѨuáêkOKå~°∞. nxH˜ P„QÆÇ≤ÏOz# ɡ["å_» Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ìÅ∞ „ѨHÍâ◊O |u‰õΩO_»QÍ<Õ Ãјì# HÍO㨺 q„QÆǨ xfl =ÚHõ¯Å∞ KÕ™êÎ=∞O>Ë, KÕã¨∞H˘=∞‡x ã¨=∂^è•#q∞KåÛ_»∞ „ѨHÍâ◊O! WÖÏ ã‘=∞Ö’ J~Ú`Õ Ô~_»¡ „áêÉźO ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œx, PO„^èŒOÖ’ J~Ú`Õ Hõ=∞‡Å „áê|źO ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œx, q[Ü«∞"å_» J~Ú`Õ Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ìÅ „áê|źO ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞O^Œx, z=iH˜ AÖˇ· 1953Ö’ =∞„^•ãπ JÃãOc¡Ö’ ~å[^è•xÃÑ· F˜OQ∑ ÃјìOK«QÍ, XHõ¯ F@∞ "≥∞*Ïsì`À Hõ~°∂flÖò ~å[^è•xQÍ <≥QÆæ_»O [iyOk. WÖÏ ~å[^è•xÃÑ· ~å[H©Ü«∂Å∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl PO„^èŒ, ã‘=∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº`« QÆ∂iÛ <Õ_»∞ =∂Ï¡_»_»O QÆ∞iqO^Œ yO[h`Õ! Wxfl "≥·~°∞^蕺Å`À, ~å[H©Ü«∂Å`À U~°Ê_ç# PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ì J=`«~°}ÔH· =∞~°}˜Oz# á⁄˜ì N~å=ÚÅ∞, PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò(ÉèÏëê ~å„ëêìÅ Pq~åƒù=OÔH· Jx) J=`«~°}ÔH· =∞~°}˜OKå_»<Õ `«Ñ¨C_»∞ Hõ^äŒ<åefl <Õ˜H˜ PO„^èŒ∞Å∞ K≥ѨÊ_»O, `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`«OÖ’ PÜ«∞# q„QÆǨ efl "≥·â◊√ºÅ∞ Jaè=∂#O`À Ãјì, P~åkèOK«_»O `≥ÅOQÍ} "åi J=∂Ü«∞Hõ`åfixH˜ x^Œ~°≈#O HÍ^•! á⁄˜ì N~å=ÚÅ∞ =∞~°}O `«~åfi`« JHÀì|~ü 31, 1953# PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìO Hõ~°∂flÖò ~å[^è•xQÍ U~°Ê_ç# `«~åfi`«<Õ _çÃãO|~ü 1953Ö’ Ѷ¨AÖò Jb Hõq∞©x U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. D Hõq∞˜ x"ÕkHõ ÃãÃÑìO|~ü 1955# W=fi_»O [iyOk. D Hõq∞© ‰õÄ_® PO„^è•, `≥ÅOQÍ}#∞ HõÅáêÅx W=fiÖË^Œ∞, ÃÑ·QÍ QÆ∞[~å`ü, =∞Ǩ ~å¢+¨ì Hõeã≤ =ÙO_®Åx ã¨∂zOK«_»O ‰õÄ_® [iyOk. Wxfl ^Œ$ëêìºO`åÅ#∞ HÍ^Œx, PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò J=`«~°}‰õΩ á⁄˜ì N~å=ÚÅ∞ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»x K≥ѨÊ_»O ѨzÛ J|^ŒúO HÍ^•! =„Hõ|∞kú`À ÃÑ^ŒÌ=∞#∞+¨µÅ XѨÊO^ŒO: áÈ`Õ, Ѷ¨[Öò Jb Hõq∞©, ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ ¿ãìòÖ’x =∞~°~îåfi_®Å#∞ <å˜ ÉÁOÉÏ~Ú ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’, Hõ#fl_»(QÆ∞Ń~°æ, ~åÜ«∞K«∂~ü, |ÖÏ¡i "≥ÚII) „áêO`åefl <å˜ "≥∞ÿã¨∂~°∞ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ qb#O KÕÜ«∂Åx ã¨∂zã¨∂Î, `≥ÅOQÍ}#∞ „Ѩ`ÕºHõOQÍ =ÙOKåÅx HÀiOk. nO`À `≥ÅOQÍ}#∞ PO„^èŒ`À HõÅáêÅ<Õ PO„^è•"åà◊¡ XuÎ_ç ÃÑiyOk. nxÃÑ· _èçb¡Ö’ ÖÏc~ÚOQÆ∞ ‰õÄ_® KÕ™ê~°∞. ÃÑ·QÍ `≥ÅOQÍ}`À HõÅ∞™êÎ=∞<Õ PÖ’K«#`À<Õ Hõ~°∂flÖòÖ’ QÆ∂_®~åÖ’¡x QÆ∞_ç¤náêÅ H˜O^Œ PO„^èŒ ~å[^è•xx #_çáê=∞x, „Ѩ`ÕºHõ JÃãOc¡x, Ãã„Hõ>ËiÜ«∞ò#∞ xi‡OK«ÖË^Œx, PO„^è•#∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}`À HõeÑ≤`Õ, HÀÏ¡k ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å x~å‡} Y~°∞ÛÅ∞ P^• J=Ù`åÜ«∞<Õ H“˜Åº hux „Ѩ^Œi≈Oz, XѨC‰õΩ<ÕÖÏ XuÎ_ç`≥KåÛ~°∞. J~Ú<å #=∞‡x Ѷ¨AÖòJb Hõq∞©, =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ S^Œ∞ ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ~å¢+¨ìOQÍ =ÙO_®Åx, `«^Œ∞Ѩi [iˆQ 1957 ZxflHõÅ `«~åfi`« (ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ "≥Ú^Œ˜ JÃãOc¡ ZxflHõÅ∞ 1952Ö’ [iQÍ~Ú.) `≥ÅOQÍ} JÃãOc¡Ö’x Ô~O_»∞ =O`«∞Å âßã¨#ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞ XѨC‰õΩO>Ë JѨC_»∞ PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ qb#O KÕÜ«∞=K«Ûx ÃãÃÑìO|~ü 1955Ö’ ã¨=∞iÊOz# x"ÕkHõÖ’ á⁄O^Œ∞Ѩ~°Û_»O [iyOk. Ô~O_»∞ ã¨O=`«û~åʼnõΩQÍx ~å¢+¨ì JÃãOc¡H˜ ZxflHõÅ∞ ~å=x, WѨʘˆH PÅ㨺O J~ÚO^Œx ÉèÏqOz# PO„^èŒ, ã‘=∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞ _èçb¡ ÃÑ^ŒÌÅx P„â◊~ÚOK«_»O`À, _èçb¡ ÃÑ^ŒÌ=∞#∞+¨µÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} <åÜ«∞‰õΩefl(=ÚYº=∞O„uQÍ =Ù#fl |∂~°∞æÅ ~å=∞Hõ$ëê‚~å"£ `«k`«~°∞Å∞) XÑ≤ÊOz, 'ÃÑ^ŒÌ=∞#∞+¨µÅ XѨÊO^ŒO— ¿Ñ~°∞# W~°∞„áêO`åefl HõÅѨ_®xH˜ =∂~°æO ã¨∞QÆ=∞O KÕ™ê~°∞. =ÚO^Œ∞ qb<åxfl =ºuˆ~H˜Oz# |∂~°∞æÅ z=iH˜ #=O|~ü 25, 1955# JÃãOc¡Ö’ Ѷ¨[Öò Jb ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ =∂Ï¡_»_»O QÆ=∞<å~°›O. D ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOQÍ |∂~°∞æÅ _èçb¡ xOz uiy ~å=_»O`À>Ë QÀ_»ÃÑ·# Ñ≤e¡"å@OÖÏ =∂Ï¡_»∞`«∞<åfl~°x ÔHq ~°OQÍÔ~_ç¤ ÉËQÆO¿Ñ@ q=∂<å„â◊Ü«∞OÖ’<Õ |∂~°∞æÅ#∞ PÜ«∞# =ÚO^Õ q=∞i≈OKå_»∞. WÖÏ _çÃãO|~ü 3 ^•HÍ [iy# K«~°ÛÖ’¡, "≥∞*Ïi© qb<åxfl =ºuˆ~H˜ã¨∂Î =∂Ï¡_»@O [iyOk. W^Õ J^Œ#∞QÍ ÉèÏqOz #=O|~ü 27, 1955#
16.
16#_»∞ã¨∞Î#fl `≥ÅOQÍ} Hõ~°∂flÖòÖ’ PO„^èŒ
~å¢+¨ì JÃãOc¡ qâßÅ PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìO (`≥ÅOQÍ}`À Hõeã≤) U~°Ê_®Åx UHõ„w=OQÍ f~å‡xOzOk. 'qb#O— J<Õ Ñ¨^ŒO q"å^•ã¨Ê^ŒOQÍ =∂iOk. 'áêÅÖ’ hà◊√¡ Hõeáê=∂? hà◊¡Ö’ áêÅ∞ Hõeáê=∂?— Jx ÃÑ_»~åúÅ#∞ fã¨∂Î, ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ ¿ãìòÖ’x `≥ÅOQÍ} ÉèÏQÍxfl JѨʘˆH LxH˜Ö’ L#fl(Zy˚ã≤ìOQ∑) PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ (~å[^è•x LxˆH ÖËx HÍOkjHõ ~å¢+¨ìO) HõÅѨ_»O [iyO^Œx, WÖÏ HõÅѨ|_ç# Ô~O_»∞ „áêO`åʼnõΩ 'PO„^èŒ „Ѩ^Õâò— Jx ¿Ñ~°∞ ÃÑÏì~°x, ™êfi~°ú PO„^èŒ ~å[H©Ü«∞ ѨO_ç`«∞Å∞ qѨs`« "åºMϺ<åÅ∞ KÕã¨∞ÎO>Ë, PO„^è• ÖÏc Ѩ„uHõÅ∞ `«Ñ¨C_»∞ Hõ^äŒ<åefl ~åã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. *ÏfÜ«∞ k#Ѩ„uHõQÍ ¿Ñ~°∞ "≥∂ã≤# >ˇÿ"£∞û PѶπ WO_çÜ«∂ AÖˇ· 29 #∞Oz PQÆã¨∞ì 3 ^•HÍ =~°∞ã¨QÍ <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ã¨Oáê^ŒH©Ü«∂efl `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨHõ@#‰õΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ ~åã≤ ^•x J„Ѩ*Ï™êfiq∞Hõ ^Œ$HõÊ^äŒO |Ç≤Ï~°æ`«O KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#flk. JÖψQ `≥ÅOQÍ} QÆ_»¤ g∞^Œ Ѩ٘ì ÃÑiy# PO„^è• Ñ¨„uHõÅ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} ~å¢+¨ì Pq~åƒù"åxH˜ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ q+¨O Hõ‰õΩ¯`«∞<åfl~Ú. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë ^•^•Ñ¨Ù Jxfl Ѩ„uHõÅ∞(Ô~O_»∞ `«Ñ¨Ê) „Ѩ^è•# ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩÅ∞ PO„^è•"åˆ~ HÍ=_»O QÆ=∞<å~°›O! =∞~À Ѩ„uHõ ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩ_»∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}"å_≥·<å, P Ѩ„uHõ K≥ѨC KÕ`«∞Ö’¡<Õ Ñ¨xKÕÜ«∞_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. `≥ÅOQÍ} QÆ_»¤ g∞^Œ ѨÙ~°∞_»∞ áÈã¨∞‰õΩ#fl =∞~À PO„^èŒ ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•i Ѩ„uHõ `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨHõ@# `«~åfi`« Ѩ^ŒH˘O_»∞(11) Hõ^äŒ<åefl '`≥Å∞QÆ∞ QÆ_»¤— ¿Ñ~°∞# HõHͯeû#O`« qëêxfl HõH˜¯Ok. ~å¢+¨ìO q_çáÈ`Õ ÃãÖò á¶È<£ ~Àq∞OQ∑ Kås˚Å∞ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`åÜ«∞<Õ |∂p Hõ^äŒÅ∞ K≥ѨÊ_»O P Ѩ„uHõ ã¨Oáê^Œ‰õΩ_ç =„Hõ|∞kÌH˜ x^Œ~°≈#O. WÖÏO˜ ÉèÏ=^•i„^Œº"Õ∞ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ âßѨOQÍ =∂iáÈ~ÚOk. g~°∞ „Ѩ=zã¨∞Î#fl q+¨Ñ¨Ù „ѨKå~°O „ѨHÍ~°"≥∞ÿ<å LxH˜Ö’ L#fl PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’<Õ `≥ÅOQÍ}#∞ Hõeáê~°x ÉèÏq¿ãÎ, ~å¢+¨ìO ¿Ñ~°∞ PO„^èŒ ~å¢+¨ìOQÍ<Õ =ÙO_®e QÍx 'PO„^èŒ „Ѩ^Õâò—QÍ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ =∂~åÛ~À D ^ŒàÏ~°∞Å∞, =Åã¨"å^Œ∞Å∞ K≥áêÊe. W^Õ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’x Hõ~å‚@Hõ „áêO`åxfl <å_»∞ "≥∞ÿã¨∂~ü ¿ãìòÖ’, =∞~å~îåfi_® „áêO`åxfl ÉÁOÉÏ~Ú ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ Hõeáê~°∞ `«Ñ¨Ê, HõeÑ≤#OHõ "å˜ ¿Ñ~°∞¡ =∂~°ÛÖË^Œ∞. HÍÅ„Hõ=∞OÖ’ Jq Hõ~åfl@Hõ, =∞Ǩ ~å„ëêìÅ∞QÍ ¿Ñ~°∞ =∂~°∞Û‰õΩ<åfl~Ú. ^ÀÑ≤_ç K«i„`« ѨÙ#~å=$`«O: K«i„`«, ѨÙ#~å=$`«=∞=Ù`«∂ =ÙO@∞Ok. =ÚO^Œ∞ qëê^ŒOQÍ, `«~åfi`« „ѨǨÏã¨#OQÍ... Jx HÍ~°Öò=∂~ü¯û J#fl =∂@Å∞ <Õ˜ PO„^è• ^ŒQÆ∞Öσùr ~å[H©Ü«∂ʼnõΩ JHõ∆~åÅ J`«∞‰õΩ¯OÏ~Ú. `≥ÅOQÍ} „ѨHõ@# `«~åfi`« =∞„^•ãπ #∞Oz PO„^è• "Õ~°Ê_ç# Ѷ¨∞@#ÖË uiy WѨÙ_»∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖÜ«∂º~Ú. ^ÀK«∞‰õΩ#fl WO˜x ^˘OQÆÅ∞ ^èŒfiOã¨O KÕã≤#@∞¡, 60 ã¨O=`«û ~åÅ ^ÀÑ≤_ç `«~åfi`« ‰õÄ_® `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ „ѨâßO`«`« ÖˉõΩO_® KÕÜ«∂Åx ‰õΩ„@Å∞ Ѩ#∞fl`«∞<åfl~°∞. áÈh, K«O_èôQÆ_£ÖÏ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò J=`«~°} `«~åfi`« ~°∂ѨÙk^Œ∞̉õΩO>Ë, PO„^è•"åi HÀiHõ‰õΩ J~°÷O =ÙO_Õk. PO„^è•"å~°∞ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ ~åHõ=ÚO^Õ Jxfl ǨÏOQÆ∞Å`À Jaè=$kú K≥Ok# #QÆ~°O. ™êfi`«O„`«ºO `«~åfi`«, =ÚO^Œ∂ ^Õâ◊OÖ’ ¿ÑÔ~xflHõ QÆÅ =∞Ǩ #QÆ~°OÖ’ _èçb¡ `«~åfi`« JO`«˜ #QÆ~°OQÍ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£#∞ QÆ∞iÎOKÕ"å~°∞. JO^Œ∞ˆH JOÉË^Œ¯~ü ÖÏO˜ "å~°∞ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£#∞ ^Õâ◊ Ô~O_»= ~å[^è•xQÍ KÕÜ«∂Åx ã¨∂zOKå_»∞. q^•º, "≥·^Œº, "å}˜[º, h˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ, Ô~·ÖËfi, ~°"å}ÏÅ`À áê@∞QÍ âߢã¨Î, ™êOˆHuHõ ~°OQÍÖ’¡, áêi„âßq∞HõOQÍ Jaè=$kú K≥Ok# =∞Ǩ #QÆ~°O ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£. "≥Ú@ì"≥Ú^Œ˜ Éèí∂QÆ~°ƒù =Ú~°∞QÆ∞ HÍÅ= ™œHõ~°ºO QÆŠѨ@ì}O. ^Õâ◊OÖ’<Õ HÍ^Œ∞, „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ ZHõ¯_®ÖËx h˜x áêiã¨∂Î ™êQÆ∞ Ѩ^Œúu(~°<£ PѶπ ^Œ i=~ü), Ô~·ÖËfi#∞, ~À_»∞¤ ~°"å}Ï#∞ XˆH =º=ã¨÷ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOz J#∞ã¨O^è•#O`À x~°fiÇ≤Ï¿ãÎ, ¿ã=ÅOkOz# q^è•#O XHõ¯ `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’<Õ =Ù#flk `«Ñ¨Ê =∞Ô~Hõ¯_® ÖË^Œ∞. h˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~°ºO ÖËx PO„^è• „áêO`«O‰õΩ =ÚO^Õ ^è•<åºQÍ~°OQÍ, ã¨ã¨ºâߺ=∞ÅOQÍ "≥Å∞Q˘Ok# „áêO`«O `≥ÅOQÍ}. ɡOQÍÖò Hõ~°∞=Ù#∞ K«qK«∂ã≤<å, Hõ~°∞=O>Ë `≥eÜ«∞x „ѨHõ$u ã¨Ç¨Ï[ã≤^Œú „áêO`«O `≥ÅOQÍ}. 35 âß`«O‰õΩ ÃÑ·QÍ J@q ã¨OѨ^Œ`À, Yx[ ã¨OѨ^Œ`À `«∞Å`«∂QÆ∞`«∂, ã¨QÆ@∞# "≥~Úº q∞b¡g∞@~°¡ =~°¬áê`«O QÆÅ „áêO`åxfl PO„^èŒ∞Å∞ =zÛ Z_®iQÍ =∂~åÛ~°∞. WÖÏ |OQÍ~°∞ QÆ∞_»∞¡ ÃÑ>Ëì „áêO`åxfl x~°O`«~°O ^ÀK«∞HÀ"åÅ<Õ L^Õúâ◊ºO`À<Õ WѨC_»∞ ~å[H©Ü«∂Åhfl ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ K«∞@∂ì u~°∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. PO„^è•Ö’ QÆ∞_ç¤ náêÅ∞#flѨC_»∞, `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ q^Œ∞º`ü "≥Å∞QÆ∞Å∞ "≥eâß~Ú. (Ǩï¿ãû<£™êQÆ~ü, x*ÏO ™êQÆ~ü ^•fi~å) PO„^è• qâ◊fi q^•ºÅÜ«∂xH˜ Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∂xfl JOkOz# Ѷ¨∞#`« <å˜ x~°O‰õΩâ◊√_»x ¿Ñ~°∞Ѩ_»¤ U_»= x*Ï"Õ∞! Wxfl ^Œ$ëꪺO`åefl ѨHõ¯#ɡ˜ì, ^ÀÑ≤_ç =Úã¨∞QÆ∞Ö’ ÃÑ@∞ì|_»∞Å∞ Ãјì, Jaè=$kú KÕ™ê=∞x, 60 UO_»∞¡ =Ù<åfl=∞x, Ѩ~å~Ú =OK«# ~å[H©Ü«∂Å∞ KÕÜ«∂Åx K«∂_»_»O PO„^è• „Ѩ[Å ÉÏQÀQÆ∞ÅÔH· HÍ^Œ∞. H˘O`« =∞Ok ™êfi~°÷ ~å[H©Ü«∞ "å^Œ∞Å ÃÑ@∞ì|_»∞Å ~°Hõ∆}ˆH! ™êfi~°÷ ~å[H©Ü«∂ÅÔH· `≥ÅOQÍ}#∞ HÀ~°∞`«∞<åfl~°x xO^•~ÀѨ} KÕã≤# ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº"å^Œ∞Å∞, WѨʘ ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº"å^Œ L^Œº=∞O U ™êfi~°÷ ~å[H©Ü«∂ÅHÀ K≥ѨÊQÆÅQÍe. ZÖÏQÀ `≥ÅOQÍ} KÕ*ÏiOk, Hõhã¨O ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£#<åfl J_®¤QÍ =ÙO_®Å<Õ _ç=∂O_£#∞ fã¨∞Hõ~å=_»OÖ’<Õ PO„^è• ~å[H©Ü«∞
Baixar agora