Artificial Intelligence is an approach to make a computer, a robot, or a product to think about how smart humans think. AI is a study of how the human brain thinks, learns, decides and work when it tries to solve problems. And finally, this study outputs intelligent software systems. The aim of AI is to improve computer functions that are related to human knowledge, for example, reasoning, learning, and problem-solving.

1. SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITYOFAGRICULTURE,
TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
PROJECT
ON
“ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AGRICULTURE”
COURSE NAME: COMPUTER ORIENTATION
COURSE CODE: CSIT-701
PROGRAMME: MSC. FORESTRY (FOREST BIOLOGY AND TREE IMPROVEMENT)

2. INTRODUCTION TO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Artificial Intelligence is an approach to make a computer, a robot, or a product to think
how smart human think. AI is a study of how human brain think, learn, decide and work,
when it tries to solve problems. And finally this study outputs intelligent software
systems. The aim of AI is to improve computer functions which are related to human
knowledge, for example, reasoning, learning, and problem-solving.
John McCarthy said, “The science and engineering of making intelligent machines,
especially intelligent computer programs”.
The intelligence is intangible and it is composed of:
 Reasoning
 Learning
 Problem Solving
 Perception
 Linguistic Intelligence

3. SCOPE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN
AGRICULTURE
• In a country like India, where over 58% of the rural population is dependent on
agriculture in direct or indirect manner, bringing AI tools and technologies can be game-
changing.
• Satellite data is also being used for assessing the farm imageries and offering
predictions regarding future yields. It cannot just help the farmers get assured returns
from their agricultural investment but also help in avoiding any unknown damage from
pest attack or sudden climate change. Various startups like PEAT, SatSure, Earth Food,
and V Drone Agro are empowering the farmers with varied solutions that are based on
Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, data science, analytics, and cloud.
• Several AI-powered technologies like robotics, agrictech, drones, predictive analysis,
soil monitoring devices, satellite imagery, automated irrigation system, etc., are here to
change the face of Indian agriculture.

4. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE POWERED PROJECTS IN
INDIAN AGRICULTURE SECTOR
1. e- National agriculture market (eNAM)
eNAM is an online trading platform for agricultural commodities in India. The
market facilitates farmers, traders and buyers with online trading in commodities.
2. AI for precision farming
3. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
PMFBY will be providing support to farmers who are suffering from crop loss or
damage arising out of unforeseen events, along with stabilizing the income of
farmers to ensure their continuance in farming.
4. PM- KISAN
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi is an initiative by the government of India in
which all small and marginal farmers will get up to Rs 6,000 (US$84) per year as
minimum income support.

5. 5. AGRI-UDAAN
The program focuses on catalyzing scale-up stage food and agribusiness startups
through rigorous mentoring, industry networking and investor pitching. This initiative
is a 6- month program launched in Hyderabad.
6. Government of karnataka inks MoU with microsoft
The collaboration intends to empower smallholder farmers with AI- based solutions
that will help them increase income using ground- breaking, cloud-based
technologies, machine learning and advanced analytics.
7. Maha agri tech project
The first phase of the project uses satellite images and data analysis done by
Maharashtra Remote Sensing Application Centre (MRSAC) and the National Remote
Sensing Centre (NRSC) to assess the area of land, and the conditions of select crops in
select talukas. However, the second phase includes an analysis of the data collected to
build a seamless framework for agriculture modeling and a geospatial database of soil
nutrients, rainfall and moisture stress to facilitate location- specific advisories to
farmers.

6. Application of Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture
 Weather forecasting
 Soil health monitoring system
 Analyzing crop health
 Precision Farming
 Identifying Plant Diseases
 Detecting pest infestations
 Agricultural Product Grading
 Alerts on Crop Infestation
 Detecting weeds
 Irrigation
 Warehousing

12. CHALLENGES IN AI ADOPTION IN AGRICULTURE
“The major challenge in the broad adoption of AI in agriculture is the lack of simple
solutions that seamlessly incorporate and embed AI in agriculture. The majority of farmers
don’t have the time or digital skills experience to explore the AI solutions space by
them. AI faces the same challenge as the war between AC and DC current did at the turn of
the 19th century; it became more about the solutions that the technology-powered, rather
than the technology itself.
AI solutions in agriculture will require new ontology's and common terminologies to be
agreed upon globally. These new AI solutions will then have to be incorporated into existing
and legacy infrastructure and systems that farmers already use (e.g. tractors, spreaders or
Farm Management software), through improved APIs, in order to seamlessly incorporate
and embed AI within agriculture.” (Gary Morgan).

13. Difference between traditional methods of farming and modern
methods of farming
TRADITIONAL METHODS OF FARMING MODERN METHODS OF FARMING
1. The outdated and old methods of farming used from
earlier times are known as traditional methods of
farming.
1. New and scientific methods of farming which are
used nowadays are known as modern methods of
farming.
2. These methods are time consuming and production
is also low.
2. These methods are quick, efficient and easy to used
and lead to higher production in less time.
3. Old methods like irrigating lands with the help of
Persian wheels are used.
3. Machinery like tractors and threshers are used.
4. Traditional seeds are used. 4. HYV seeds, irrigation, chemical fertilizers,
pesticides etc. are used.
5. Farmers are dependent on monsoon rain. 5. Farmers are not dependent on monsoon rain as they
have provision of tube wells for irrigation.
6. Cow-dung and other natural manure are used as
fertilizers.
6. Chemical fertilizers are pesticides are used.
7. Traditional farming methods do not require more
inputs which are manufactured in industry.
7. Modern farming methods required more inputs
which are manufactured in industry.

14. Pros and Cons of Artificial Intelligence
Pros
 AI would have a low error rate compared to
humans, if coded properly. They would
have incredible precision, accuracy, and
speed.
 They won't be affected by hostile
environments, thus able to complete
dangerous tasks, explore in space, and
endure problems that would injure or kill
us.
 Predict what a user will type, ask, search,
and do. They can easily act as assistants
and can recommend or direct various
actions.
 Detect fraud in card-based systems, and
possibly other systems in the future.
 Interact with humans for entertainment or a
task as avatars or robots.
 AI can be for medical purposes, such as
health risks and emotional state.
Cons
 Can cost a lot of money and time to build,
rebuild, and repair. Robotic repair can
occur to reduce time and humans needing
to fix it, but that'll cost more money and
resources.
 It's questionable: is it ethically and morally
correct to have androids, human-like
robots, or recreate intelligence, a gift of
nature that shouldn't be recreated? This is a
discussion about AI that's popular in the
days.
 Robots, with them replacing jobs, can lead
to severe unemployment, unless if humans
can fix the unemployment with jobs AI
can't do or severely change the government
to communism.

15. THANK YOU