2. INTRODUCTION
Sunflower oil is made using the vegetable oil contained in
sunflower seeds and has become a huge part of our modern
diets due to its high levels of unsaturated fatty acids.
It is a clear, bright, yellow-gold liquid with a pleasant and mild
taste.
Approximately 5 .5 million tons of sunflowers were harvested
in the Ukraine in 2005, an average of 15,600 tons per day. 15
factories across the country use the most modern
manufacturing processes available to process the sunflowers
and produce the oil.
Over 40% of the finished product is exported. Newly
constructed systems supply 200-900 tons of the purest
sunflower oil daily to customers in the foodstuffs industry.
3. Processes Used
Confection sunflower seed is processed according to these steps:
Seed preparation and cleaning
Grading the seeds into large, medium and small sizes
Seeds to be marketed as in-shell are bagged
Seeds to be sold as kernel are hulled and then bagged
Storage
Oil-type sunflower seed is normally processed according to these steps:
Seed Preparation and cleaning
Physical pressing of the sunflower seed with subsequent hexane extraction of the remaining
oil in the meal
Degumming
Refining
Bleaching
Dewaxing
Deodorization
The modern processes for producing
sunflower oil
4.
5. COMPOSITION
Sunflower oil is mainly a triglyceride, a typical constituent is
shown.
Palmitic acid (saturated): 4–9%
Stearic acid (saturated): 1–7%
Oleic acid (monounsaturated omega-9): 14–40%
Linoleic acid (polyunsaturated omega-6): 48–74%
Several types of sunflower oils are produced, such as high
linoleic, high oleic and mid oleic. High oleic sunflower oil has at
least 82% oleic acid. Variation in unsaturated fatty acids profile
is strongly influenced by both genetics and climate.
The phosphatides (0.1–0.2%) present in the oil are lecithin
(38.5%) and cephalin (61.5%); they occur in combination with
protein and carbohydrates.
6. USES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM
Oil Leaks and Spills
Take steps to prevent leaks and spills. Keep machinery, equipment
containers, and tanks in good working condition and be careful when
transferring used oil. Have sorbent materials available on site.
Record Keeping
Used oil transporters, processors, burners, and marketers also must
record each acceptance and delivery of used oil shipments. Records can
take the form of a log, invoice, or other shipping document and must be
maintained for three years
• Transporters
- Keep tracking of transport details to the agencies
• Purity Test
- Used to test the oil purity and its quality