Difference of active and passive voice

1. Active Voice and passive Voice
A.Pradeepa Wijayanthi
B.Sc.Education ( Phillipine),
English Instructor

2. Active Voice and Passive Voice
Active and passive Voice
Voice
Active Passive
What subject does The focus is on the action
 Teacher punished me.
 I was punished by teacher.

3. structure
Active Voice
Subject + Verb + Object
He I
She Does We Do
It You
They
Passive Voice
Object + Be Verb + Verb 3 +By + Subject
I am
He
She Is
It Be verb + past participle
We
You are
They

4. Common Rules to transforming passive
 Bring the object first.
 choose correct “be” verb.
 Change verb into participle.
 Add by + subject.
She helps him
He is helped by her.
See how subject and object change
Active Passive
I me
We us
You you
He him
She her
It it
They them

5. How to change active into passive
Teacher punishes me.
Subject Verb object
I am punished by teacher.
Object Be verb verb3 Object
Verb 3 = Past participle
 He helps her.
 She is helped by him.
 Kamal buys a pen.
 A pen is bought by Kamal.
 Teachers use modern technology to teach.
 Modern technology is used to teach by teachers.
 Someone follows us.
 We are followed by someone.

6. If there are two objects use any
one
 She tells us a story.
 A story is told us by her Or
 We are told a story by her.
 Mother buys me a frock.
 A frock is bought me by mother.
 I am bought a frock by mother.
Model auxiliary verbs
Can, could, shall, should, may,
Might, will, would, must
 She can speak Chinese.
 Chinese can be spoken by her.
 We must preserved the tigers.
 Tigers must be preserved by us.

7. Must have, should have, could have,
might have, would have + verb 3 = active
Must have, should have, could have,
might have, would have + been + Verb 3
= passive voice
 She should have stolen my pen.
 My pen should have been stolen by
her.
 They might have left any sign.
 Any sign must have been left.
No need to add ‘by + sub’ if the
subject is
We, they, someone, somebody, none,
nobody, everybody, people
 They have stolen my pen.
 My pen has been stolen.
 They must have left any sign.
 Any sign must have been left.

8. Interrogative Form
 They help us.
 We are helped them.
 Teacher explains lesson well.
 Lesson is explained well by
teacher.
 Police officer punishes them.
 They are punished by police
officer.
Question Form
 Do they help us?
 Are we helped them?
 Does teacher explain lesson well?
 Is lesson explained well by
teacher?
 Does police officer punish them?
 Are they punished by police
officer?

9. Negative Form
 She does not write a letter.
 A letter is not written by her.
 The government does not increase
price of fuel.
 Price of fuel is not increased by the
government.
 Woman does not spread gossips.
 Gossips are not speeded by women.
Negative Question Form
 Doesn’t she write a letter?
 Isn’t a letter written by her?
 Doesn’t the government increase
price of fuel?
 Isn’t price of fuel increased by the
government?
 Doesn’t women spread gossips?
 Aren’t gossips speeded by women?

10. • She writes poems beautifully.
• Poems are beautifully written by
her.
• Beautifully adverb goes just
before past participle.
• He handles the load carefully.
• The load is carefully handle by
him.