birch reduction

1. Birch reduction and Oppenauer oxidation.
Presented by :-
PRADEEP JAISWAL
M.SC. PART-1 (2015-
2016)
SEM.-1
ROLL NO. 6

2. CONTENTS :
• Reduction.
Birch Reduction.
Mechanism.
Application .
Oxidation.
• Oppenauer Oxidation
General reaction.
Mechanism.
Application.
• References.

3. Reduction :-
 Addition of hydrogen or removal of oxygen is
called as reduction.
 In this the addition of electropositive element
takesplase.
 It may also be defined as the process in which an
atom or group of atoms taking part in a chemical
reaction’ gain one or more electrons.

4. Birch reduction :-
Principle:-
Reduction of aromatic rings by means of
alkali metals (Li or Na ) in liquid ammonia or
amines with ethanol as proton donar,to give
mainaly unconjugated dihydroderivatives is
known as birch reduction.
General reaction:-

5. Mechanism:-

6. Li/ Et2 NH ,Me2NH
iLi ,NH3
(COOH)2 , H2O ‘
t- Bu OH.
APPLICATIONS :

7. Oxidation :-
 Addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen is
called as oxidation.
 In this the addition of electronegative element
takes place.
 It may be also defined as the process in which an
atom or group of atoms, taking part in a chemical
reaction, loses one or more electrons.

8. Oppenauer oxidation :-
Principle:-
The oxidation of alcohol to ketone in the
presence of aluminum tertiary butaoxide in
benzene or acetone solution is called oppenaur
oxidation.
The acetone acts as hydrogen acceptor and is
converted in to isopropyl alcohol.
The presence of excess of acetone drives the
reaction towards the oxidation product.

9. General reaction:-

10. Mechanism :-

11. Application :-
•The oppenauer oxidation method is
selective as carbon – carbon double bond is
not attacked.
•The β and γ double bond generally migrate
in to conjugation with the carbonyl group
under the reaction condition.
•Oxidation of formates to carbonates they
lose co2 to give alcohol which is further
oxidized in to a ketone.

12. Reference :-
Organic Reaction and Mechanism.
( P .S . Kalsi ).
March’s Advanced organic chemistry .
( Jerry march,
Wiley.)

13. THANK YOU