The pineal gland secretes melatonin, which is believed to coordinate circadian and diurnal rhythms throughout the body. It may also inhibit reproductive maturation until adult body size is reached. The thymus gland produces thymosin and acts as an incubator during childhood for the maturation of T lymphocytes, which play a great role in immune response. The thymus decreases in size throughout adulthood. Several glands secrete hormones that regulate processes like digestion, insulin release, pregnancy maintenance, kidney function, blood pressure, appetite, and fertility.

1. others hormones

2. Pineal gland
• It is one of the small gland atttached to the
roof of third ventricle and connected by
nerves.
• It is 10mm long , reddish brown color and is
surrounded by capsule.
• It secretes melatonin hormone.

3. Function of Melatonin
• Its function not fully understood. However it is
believed to linked with:-
• It is believed to coordinate the hormones of
fertility and to inhibit the reproductive system
(especially the ovaries of females) so that sexual
maturation is prevented from occurring before
adult body size has been reached
• Coordination of circadian and diurnal rhythm of
may tissues , so this gland is also known as third
eye of the body.

4. THYMUS GLAND
• It is Located in the upper thorax region.
• Large in infants and children, it decreases in size
• throughout adult hood.
• By old age, it is composed mostly of fibrous
connective tissue and fat.
• Thymus produces a hormone called thymosin.
• During childhood, it acts as an incubator for the
maturation of a special group of whiteblood
• cells(T lymphocytes or T cells).
• T cells are play a great role in immune respose

6. Others
• GI Tract
• Gastrin: It promote secretion of gastric juice and
increase movement of stomach
• Secretin: It stimulate secretion of pancreatic juice
and bile.
• Cholecystokinin: It stimulate secretion of
pancreatic juice, regulate release of bile and bring
feeling of fullness after eating.
• Glucose dependent insulontropic peptide (GIP): It
stimulate release of insulin.

7. Placenta:
Human chorionic gondadotropin (hCG):
It stimulate ovary to produce estrogen and progesterone to maintain
pregnancy.
Kidney:
Renin: It cause vasoconstriction and help in secretion of aldosterone.
Erythropoietin: It helps in formation of RBC
Heart:
Atrial natriuretic peptid (ANP): It decrease blood pressure
Adipose tissue:
Leptin: it supress appetite and may increase activity FSH and LH

8. Thank you