DIFERENCIAS ENTRE API-2000 5th y 6Th edicion

1. Differences Between API-2000
5th
and 6th
Editions
Brad Otis
April 26, 2010
2010 API Spring Refining and Equipment Standards Meeting

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3. Agenda
 Recent History
 Significant Differences
o Normal Tank Venting
o Internal Deflagration
o Flame Propagation Through PVVs
o Refrigerated Tank Venting
o Testing of Venting Devices
 Path Forward

4. Recent History
 API-2000 5th
Edition
o Published April 1998
o Work started on 6th
edition
 ISO - 28300
o New work item submitted in June 2006
o Convert and update API-2000 into ISO Standard
o FDIS 28300 submitted Jan 2008
o Memo highlighting differences issued
o FDIS approved with no negative ballots
 API adopted-back in Dec 09 with no negative ballots
 Now working 2nd
edition of ISO-28300 (API-2000 7th
edition)
Microsoft Office
Word 97 - 2003 Document

5. Significant Differences
Normal Tank Venting
 EN 14015 Tank Venting
o EN 14015 Tank design standard used in Europe
o Venting model based on theory and validated via test
o Applicable to any tank service, any temperature, and
any size
o Therefore placed in main body of ISO standard
 API-2000 5th
Edition Tank Venting
o Venting model based on theory with simplified
assumptions
o Applicable to hexane or similar services, temperature
< 120 F, and tanks < 180,0000 bbls
o Therefore placed in Annex A of ISO standard

6. EN-14015 Validation Test
Tests and model calculations at Hoechst in 1980 and 1981
• Tank: V = 617 m3
; D = 8,5 m; H = 10,6 m
• 17 °C ≤ Δ T ≤ 26 °C
• Water (rain) flow density: about 60 kg/m2
h
• TRbF-model calculation

7. Significant Differences
Normal Tank Venting - continued
 Discussion
o Both methods are acceptable when applied correctly
o Both were included
• To fill gap where Annex A method does not apply
• To allow continued use of the Annex A method
• To ensure global support for the FDIS
o EN-14015 vent loads can be higher than Annex A
• Calculations and comparison courtesy of Protego
(USA) Inc.

8. Calculation – Examples
Tank 1
Tank:
- Height: 5m
- Diameter: 7m
- Tank volume: 192.4 m3
- Pump in rate: 96 m3/h
- Pump out rate: 96 m3/h
- Vertical tank
- No insulation
- MAWP: 7.5 mbar
- MAWV: 2.5 mbar

9. Inbreathing Requirements (Total) for Tank 1
Inbreathing requirements Tank 1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
API 2000 EN 14015,
North, VP
Hexane
EN 14015,
North, VP>
Hexane
EN 14015, 42-
58, VP Hexane
EN 14015, 42-
58, VP>
Hexane
EN 14015,
South, VP
Hexane
EN 14015,
South, VP>
Hexane
TRbF 20
Ventingrequirements[m3/h]
Pump out Thermal

10. Outbreathing Requirements (Total) for Tank 1
226
116 117 123 130
118 122
109
Outbreathing requirements Tank 1
0
50
100
150
200
250
API 2000, FP
<37.8C
API 2000, FP
>=37.8C
EN 14015,
North
EN 14015, 42-
58
EN 14015,
South
TRbF 20 TRbF 20-2 TRbF 20-3
Ventingrequirements[m3/h]
Pump in Thermal
H/D = 0.5
H/D = 2
H/D = 0.71

11. Overview Inbreathing Venting Requirements (thermal)
Small tanks (<3,180 m3)
Comparision Venting Requirements for Thermal Inbreathing
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
100 200 500 1000 2000 3180
Tank Volume [m3]
VentingRequirements[m3/h]
API 2000 EN 14015, North, VP Hexane, T<25C EN 14015, North, VP> Hexane, T>= 25C
EN 14015, 42-58, VP Hexane, T<25C EN 14015, 42-58, VP>Hexane, T<25C EN 14015, South, VP Hexane, T< 25C
EN 14015, South, VP>Hexane, T>=25C TRbF 20

12. Overview Inbreathing Venting Requirements (thermal)
Large tanks (>3,180 m3)
Comparision Venting Requirements for Thermal Inbreathing
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
5000 10000 20000 50000 100000
Tank Volume [m3]
VentingRequirements[m3/h]
API 2000 EN 14015, North, VP Hexane, T<25C EN 14015, North, VP> Hexane, T>= 25C
EN 14015, 42-58, VP Hexane, T<25C EN 14015, 42-58, VP>Hexane, T<25C EN 14015, South, VP Hexane, T< 25C
EN 14015, South, VP>Hexane, T>=25C TRbF 20
Outside scope of API 2000

13. Overview Outbreathing Venting Requirements (thermal)
Small tanks (<3,180 m3)
Comparision Venting Requirements Outbreathing, Thermal
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
100 200 500 1000 2000 3180
Tank Volume [m3}
VentingRequirements[m3/h]
API, FP<37.8C API, FP>37.8C EN 14015, North EN 14015, 42-58 EN 14015, South TRbF 20

14. Overview Outbreathing Venting Requirements (thermal)
Large tanks (>3,180 m3)
Comparision Venting Requirements Outbreathing, Thermal
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
5000 10000 20000 50000 100000
Tank Volume [m3}
VentingRequirements[m3/h]
API, FP<37.8C API, FP>37.8C EN 14015, North EN 14015, 42-58 EN 14015, South TRbF 20
Outside scope of API 2000

15. Significant Differences
Normal Tank Venting - continued
 Discussion
o “Operational experience with petroleum or
petrochemical fluid storage tanks indicates that tank
failures/damage due to vacuum have not been
caused by inadequate venting when that relief
system is designed using the method in this Annex”
o Tanks that meet the criteria in Annex A can have
tank vents designed using the method shown in
Annex A.
o Tanks that don’t meet the Annex A criteria, then the
general method in 4.3.2.1 should be used.
 Questions?

16. Significant Differences
Internal Deflagration
 New section on tank internal deflagration
 Provides examples on how this may be mitigated
 Previously no “home” for this issue
 Detailed presentation on this on 4/28/10 at API-2000
meeting
 Questions?

17. Significant Differences
Flame Propagation Through PVV
 The 5th edition states “A flame arrester is not
considered necessary for use in conjunction with a PV
valve venting to atmosphere because flame speeds are
less than vapor velocities across the seats of PV.”
 Recent controlled experiments have shown that flash
back through a PVV is possible during very low
unstable outflow conditions or if there is an external
flammable vapor cloud that ignites with sufficient
overpressure to lift the vacuum pallet.

18. Significant Differences
Flame Propagation Through PVV - continued
 API-2010 and NFPA-30 have language similar to what
was stated in the 5th edition of API-2000
 Until those standards are updated, there will appear to
be an inconsistency on this issue.
 Questions?

19. Significant Differences
Refrigerated Tank Venting
 Completely re-written
 Previously was based on hexane
 Borrowed heavily from EN14620 and EN1473
 Questions?

20. Significant Differences
Testing of Venting Devices
 New section to provide consistency in capacity testing
 Combination of API 2000 5th edition section 4.6 and EN
14015 Annex L.6.
 Questions?

21. Path Forward
 2nd
Edition of ISO-28300 is being worked now
 Fall 2010 is deadline for submitting new items