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Energy
The forms and Nature of…
What is Energy?
The Ability to do work or cause
change.
Produce warmth
Produce Light
Produce Sound
Produce Movement
Produce Growth
Powers Technology
Nature of Energy
• Energy is all around you.
• You hear energy as sound, you see
energy as light,
• you can feel energy in wind.
• Living organisms need energy for
growth
• and movement.
• You use energy when you hit a tennis
ball,
• compress a spring, or lift a grocery bag.
• Energy is the ability to do work
States or Classes of Energy
Potential Kinetic
Stored energy
or energy of position
Gravitational,
stored mechanical,
Nuclear, chemical
Energy of Motion
Motion, Electrical,
Sound, Radiant,
Thermal
What is Potential Energy?
oEnergy that is stored
and waiting to be
used later
What is Gravitational Potential Energy?
o Potential energy
due to an object’s
position
o P.E. = mass x
height x gravity
Don’t look down,
Rover!
Good boy!
Changes in gravitational potential energy
For an object in Earth’s gravitational field:
If an object falls will it gain
or lose gravitational
potential energy?
If an object moves up will it
gain or lose gravitational
potential energy?
GPE=Wh
We can calculate the change in gravitational potential energy (GPE) for
a moving object using the formula below:
Change in GPE = Weight x Change in height
GPE=Wh
GPE measured in Joules (J)
Weight measured in Newtons (N)
Height measured in Metres (m)
Potential Energy
•Stored Mechanical
•Chemical
•Nuclear Energy
What is Kinetic Energy?
o Energy an object has due
to its motion
o K.E. = .5(mass x speed2
)
KE=½m(v)²
We can calculate the kinetic energy (KE) for a moving object
using the formula below:
Kinetic Energy = ½x mass x(velocity)2
KE=½mv2
KE measured in Joules (J)
Mass measured in Kilograms (Kg)
Velocity measured in Metres per second (ms)
Forms of Energy
•Mechanical
•Thermal
•Chemical
Electrical
Electromagnetic
Nuclear
Energy can be
transferred, or
converted, from
one form to
another!
What is Mechanical Energy?
o Energy due to an
object’s motion (kinetic)
or position (potential).
The bowling ball has
mechanical energy.
When the ball strikes
the pins, mechanical
energy is transferred to
the pins!
Mechanical Energy
•Energy of motion
or position
•Sound, wind,
waterfall,
compressed
spring
•KE or PE
•Not 100% efficient
much lost to heat
Examples of Mechanical Energy
What is Electromagnetic
Energy?
o Light energy
o Includes energy from
gamma rays, xrays,
ultraviolet rays, visible
light, infrared rays,
microwave and radio
bands
Electromagnetic Energy
•Light is a form of
electromagnetic energy.
•Each color of light (Roy G
Bv) represents a different
amount of electromagnetic
energy.
•energy that travels in
waves; have electrical
and magnetic properties
•Electromagnetic Energy is
also carried by X-rays, radio
waves, and laser light.
What is Electrical Energy?
o Energy caused by
the movement of
electrons
o Easily transported
through power lines
and converted into
other forms of energy
Electrical Energy
•Moving electrical charges that
produce electricity and energy.
Static Shock
Lightening
Computers/TVs/
Radios
Lights
 from batteries, power lines,
lightning
What is Chemical Energy?
o Energy that is
available for release
from chemical
reactions.
The chemical bonds in
a matchstick store
energy that is
transformed into
thermal energy when
the match is struck.
Chemical Energy
•Energy stored by
chemical bonds in an
object.
•When bonds are
broken energy is
released.
•PE only
•gasoline, food, coal,
wood
Examples of Chemical Energy
Heat/Thermal Energy
•The internal motion of
an objects atoms and
molecules.
•Measured by
temperature.
•The faster particles
move, the more
thermal energy they
have.
•KE only
What is Thermal Energy?
o Heat energy
o The heat energy of an
object determines how
active its atoms are.
A hot object is one whose atoms
and molecules are excited and
show rapid movement.
A cooler object's molecules and
atoms will show less movement.
Heat Energy
• The internal motion of the atoms is
called heat energy, because moving
particles produce heat.
• Heat energy can be produced by
friction.
• Heat energy causes changes in
temperature and phase of any form
of matter.
Nuclear Power
• Energy stored in the nucleus of
an atom RELEASED by fission
or fusion
Sun
Stars
Nuclear
Power Plant
Nuclear Energy
•Energy stored in
center(nucleus) of an
atom
•Fission (breaking apart)
•Fusion (forming)
•The sun
•Most powerful
•The nucleus of an atom
is the source of nuclear
energy.
•PE only
QUIZ TIME!
What type of energy
cooks food in a
microwave oven?
ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENERGY
What type of energy is
the spinning plate inside
of a microwave oven?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME!
Electrical energy is
transported to your house
through power lines.
When you plug an electric fan
to a power outlet, electrical
energy is transform into what
type of energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME!
What energy transformation
occurs when an electric lamp is
turned on?
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
↓
ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY
What types of energy are shown below?
Mechanical and Thermal Energy
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy
What types of energy are shown below?
Electrical, Mechanical and
Electromagnetic Energy
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy (yummy)
What type of energy is shown below?
Thermal Energy
• Draw a flow map showing the flow of
energy transformations in a SYSTEM
from starting vehicle to driving. You
should have 5 different types of energy.
Energy Transfer
Chemical
Electrical
Electrical
Electrical
Sound
(mechanical)
Light
(Electromagnetic)
Thermal
Mechanical

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Types of Energy

  • 1. Energy The forms and Nature of…
  • 2. What is Energy? The Ability to do work or cause change. Produce warmth Produce Light Produce Sound Produce Movement Produce Growth Powers Technology
  • 3. Nature of Energy • Energy is all around you. • You hear energy as sound, you see energy as light, • you can feel energy in wind. • Living organisms need energy for growth • and movement. • You use energy when you hit a tennis ball, • compress a spring, or lift a grocery bag. • Energy is the ability to do work
  • 4. States or Classes of Energy Potential Kinetic Stored energy or energy of position Gravitational, stored mechanical, Nuclear, chemical Energy of Motion Motion, Electrical, Sound, Radiant, Thermal
  • 5. What is Potential Energy? oEnergy that is stored and waiting to be used later
  • 6. What is Gravitational Potential Energy? o Potential energy due to an object’s position o P.E. = mass x height x gravity Don’t look down, Rover! Good boy!
  • 7. Changes in gravitational potential energy For an object in Earth’s gravitational field: If an object falls will it gain or lose gravitational potential energy? If an object moves up will it gain or lose gravitational potential energy?
  • 8. GPE=Wh We can calculate the change in gravitational potential energy (GPE) for a moving object using the formula below: Change in GPE = Weight x Change in height GPE=Wh GPE measured in Joules (J) Weight measured in Newtons (N) Height measured in Metres (m)
  • 10. What is Kinetic Energy? o Energy an object has due to its motion o K.E. = .5(mass x speed2 )
  • 11. KE=½m(v)² We can calculate the kinetic energy (KE) for a moving object using the formula below: Kinetic Energy = ½x mass x(velocity)2 KE=½mv2 KE measured in Joules (J) Mass measured in Kilograms (Kg) Velocity measured in Metres per second (ms)
  • 13. What is Mechanical Energy? o Energy due to an object’s motion (kinetic) or position (potential). The bowling ball has mechanical energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred to the pins!
  • 14. Mechanical Energy •Energy of motion or position •Sound, wind, waterfall, compressed spring •KE or PE •Not 100% efficient much lost to heat
  • 16. What is Electromagnetic Energy? o Light energy o Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands
  • 17. Electromagnetic Energy •Light is a form of electromagnetic energy. •Each color of light (Roy G Bv) represents a different amount of electromagnetic energy. •energy that travels in waves; have electrical and magnetic properties •Electromagnetic Energy is also carried by X-rays, radio waves, and laser light.
  • 18. What is Electrical Energy? o Energy caused by the movement of electrons o Easily transported through power lines and converted into other forms of energy
  • 19. Electrical Energy •Moving electrical charges that produce electricity and energy. Static Shock Lightening Computers/TVs/ Radios Lights  from batteries, power lines, lightning
  • 20. What is Chemical Energy? o Energy that is available for release from chemical reactions. The chemical bonds in a matchstick store energy that is transformed into thermal energy when the match is struck.
  • 21. Chemical Energy •Energy stored by chemical bonds in an object. •When bonds are broken energy is released. •PE only •gasoline, food, coal, wood
  • 23. Heat/Thermal Energy •The internal motion of an objects atoms and molecules. •Measured by temperature. •The faster particles move, the more thermal energy they have. •KE only
  • 24. What is Thermal Energy? o Heat energy o The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are. A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement.
  • 25. Heat Energy • The internal motion of the atoms is called heat energy, because moving particles produce heat. • Heat energy can be produced by friction. • Heat energy causes changes in temperature and phase of any form of matter.
  • 26. Nuclear Power • Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom RELEASED by fission or fusion Sun Stars Nuclear Power Plant
  • 27. Nuclear Energy •Energy stored in center(nucleus) of an atom •Fission (breaking apart) •Fusion (forming) •The sun •Most powerful •The nucleus of an atom is the source of nuclear energy. •PE only
  • 28. QUIZ TIME! What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven? ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY What type of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven? MECHANICAL ENERGY
  • 29. QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines. When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transform into what type of energy? MECHANICAL ENERGY
  • 30. QUIZ TIME! What energy transformation occurs when an electric lamp is turned on? ELECTRICAL ENERGY ↓ ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY
  • 31. What types of energy are shown below? Mechanical and Thermal Energy
  • 32. What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy
  • 33. What types of energy are shown below? Electrical, Mechanical and Electromagnetic Energy
  • 34. What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy (yummy)
  • 35. What type of energy is shown below? Thermal Energy
  • 36. • Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a SYSTEM from starting vehicle to driving. You should have 5 different types of energy.