Mais conteúdo relacionado Semelhante a IPv6_Quick_Start_Guide (20) IPv6_Quick_Start_Guide3. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling
4. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling
5. Why IPv6?
4 (32bit)byte vs 16 (128bits)byte
Why?
Extended address space
Stateless auto configuration
No NAT
No Broadcast
No Fragmentation
Dual support ( Dual stack & Tunneling)
fc00:0000:0000:0001:0000:0000:0000:0002
172.19.59.33
6. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling
25. Header
Version (IPv4:0100 & IPv6: 0110)
ToS = Traffic Class (6 bits for DSCP)
Flow Label (20bits):
Identifies flow
Router to treat in same fashion
No processing overhead in routers
Real-time? (VoIP, Video Streaming etc.,)
26. Header contd.,
Payload length: Fixed 40bytes header –
Length of entire packet
HOP = TTL ?
Next header – Shown next
34. Host + Extension header
What if host doen’t understand extension
header like us?
ICMPv6 – Parameter problem
36. Worth to move?
Fixed length header
IPv4: 20 (Min) – 60 bytes
IPv6: 40 bytes (Fast processing & No HLEN)
No header checksum
No fragmentation in routers
37. PMTU
DF bit in IPv4 header
ICMPv4 Fragmentation Needed (Type 3 code 4)
No DF in IPv6
Hosts TCP/IP fragments itself – 1280 Octets
ICMPv6 – Packet too Big (Type 2)
38. IPv4 vs IPv6 header
Version
Source/Destination Address
ToS/Traffic Class
Total/Payload Length
TTL/HOP
Protocol/Next header
39. Removed fields
No HLEN – Fixed header length
Do we need fragmentation bits?
Header checksum
Checksum @L2
Checksum @TCP & @UDP
Options – Extension headers
41. Comparison
IPv4 Address IPv6 Address
Address Length – 32 bits 128 bits
Address Representation - decimal hexadecimal
Internet address classes Not applicable in IPv6
Multicast addresses (224.0.0.0/4) IPv6 multicast addresses (FF00::/8)
Broadcast addresses Not applicable in IPv6
Unspecified address is 0.0.0.0 Unspecified address is ::
Loopback address is 127.0.0.1 Loopback address is ::1
Public IP addresses Global unicast addresses
Private IP addresses (10.0.0.0/8,
172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16)
Site-local addresses (FEC0::/10)
Autoconfigured addresses (169.254.0.0/16) Link-local addresses (FE80::/64)
42. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling
52. Brief Address types
Unicast
Global Unicast
Unique local unicast
Link-Local unicast
Unspecified address
Loopback address
Anycast
Multicast
56. Subnetting IPv4
Subnet: IP & Subnet Mask
172.19.59.33 & 255.255.255.224 = 172.19.59.32
Range calculation: 172.19.59.33/27
32-27=5; 2^5 = 32
Broadcast address: Subnet + (Total IP – 1)
172.19.59.32+31 = 172.19.59.63
Gateway: Broadcast – 1 or Subnet + 1
172.19.59.63 -1 = 172.19.59.62
172.19.59.32 +1 = 172.19.59.33
63. Why do I extend subnet?
IPv6 NDP Table Exhaustion attach
NDP Table Exhaustion Attack
DoS attack
Refer
01HW264569SharedTrainingPresentationsPa
64. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling
71. Global Manual: Static configuration
Similar to IPv4 Static IP
Applicable to all device interface (Router,
Hosts)
Commands
ifconfig or ip (Hosts)
ipv6 interface (Switches or Router)
75. Global Manual: Unnumbered IPv6
Configuring IP of another interface
Not compatible with Alcatel Switch
Further info?
76. Global dynamic
Global dynamic can be done using
SLAAC
DHCPv6
SLAAC IP address states
Tentative
Preferred
Deprecated
Valid
Invalid
78. Global dynamic: SLAAC
Involves following ICMPv6 message
Router Solicitation
Router Advertisement
Neighbor solicitation
Neighbor advertisement
89. Link Local address, when?
Configured when
IPv6 Interface enabled
System Initialization
Manual enabling
Interface restart
93. Unspecified address contd.,
Can’t be assigned for phy interface
Indicates the absence of address – Src
address
Used in DAD – Src address
97. IPv4 Embedded address
Helps in transition 4 to 6
Occupies low order 32bits
Types
IPv4-compatible IPv6 address
IPv4-mapped IPv6 address
113. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling
114. ICMPv6
Similar to ICMP for v4
Error message (Code: 0-127)
Information message (Code: 128-255)
Multicast Listener Discovery
Neighbor Discovery Protocol
119. Multicast listener discovery
IGMP in IPv4
Multicast listener query
General query
Multicast-Address-Specific query
Multicast listener report
Multicast listener done
122. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling
124. NDP messages
Router Solicitation
Router Advertisement
Neighbor Solicitation
Neibhbor Advertisement
Redirect message
126. RS Fields
IPv6 header
Source: FE80::/10
Destination: FF02::2
Hop – 255
128. RA Fields
IPv6 header
Source: Router’s Link-Local
Destination: FF02::1
ICMPv6 Fields
M – Managed Address Configuration Flag
O – Other Configuration Flag
131. Neighbor Solicitation & Advertisement
Used for,
Address resolution
Duplicate Address Detection – DAD
Neighbor Unreachability Detection - NUD
133. NS Fields
IPv6 Header
Source: Existing IP or :: for DAD
Destination: Solicited node multicast or target
address itself
135. NA Fields
IPv6 Header
Source: Address assigned to sending device
Dest: :: - FF02::1 or source address NS
ICMPv6 Fields
R – Router Flag (1 – Router for NUD)
S – Solicited Flag
O – Override Flag
142. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling
144. DHCPv6 terms
DHCP client
DHCP server
DHCP relay agent
DUID (DHCP Unique Identifier)
IA (Identity Association)
IAID (Identity Association Identifier)
145. DHCPv6 Address & Ports
FF02::1:2 (All DHCP relay agents/servers)
FF05::1:3 (All DHCP servers)
UDP Client port : 546 (67)
UDP server port: 547 (68)
150. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling
155. IPv6
Why IPv6?
IPv6 Protocol
IPv6 Addressing
IPv6 Address types
ICMPv6
NDP
DHCP (v4 & v6)
Dual stack
Tunneling