adaptive headlight

1. SHRI RAMSWAROOP MEMORIAL GROUP OF
PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES, LUCKNOW
Under the guidance of Prepared by
Mr. A.K. RATHORE Pankaj Gaurav
Prof. P.C. TRIPATHI 1312240141
seminar on
HEATING VENTILATION AND AIR
CONDTIONING

2. CONTENT
 Introduction to HVAC
 History of HVAC
 Need of HVAC
 Heating
 Ventilation
 Air conditioning process
 Types of installation
 Advantages & Disadvantages
 Applications of HVAC
 Conclusion

3. WHAT IS HVAC?
 Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning

4. WHAT DOES IT DO?
 HVAC is a basic requirement for your indoor air
quality, what you breathe, temperature, humidity --
in your house.
 So when you hear the term "HVAC" it means the
entire air system of your home.

5. HISTORY OF HVAC
 IN 1851 Dr John Gorrie was granted U.S. Patent for
refrigeration machine.
 In 1880 refrigeration became available for industrial
purpose. Initially two major uses –freezing meat for
transport and making ice.
 Early 1990-new initiative to keep building cool for
comfort.

6. NEED OF HVAC SYSTEM
 Improvement of the air quality
 Moisture regulation
 Maintenance of the constant temperature throughout
the year

7. HVAC COMPONENTS
 Furnace
 Heat exchanger
 Ducts
 Vents
 Air Conditioning Unit
 Evaporator Coils
 Condensing Unit

8. FURNACE
 As part of the HVAC, the furnace
heats the air that circulates in the
home.
 The quality of air in the home can
be influenced by how often you
change the air filter on your unit.
 Usually the Air Conditioner is
outside, and the furnace is inside
the house.
 The HVAC uses the same venting
system for both.

9. WHAT ARE BTU’S AND
EER’S
 BTU or British Thermal Units, are the amount of
heat required to raise the temp. of one pound of
water, 1 degree Fahrenheit. 1 ton= 12,000BTU.
 EER is Energy Efficiency Rating and tells you the
BTU rating over the wattage. The higher the EER,
the better the energy efficiency, but it will probably
cost more.

10. HEATING
CONVECTION- Collective movement of groups
of molecules within fluids , through diffusion
CONDUCTION- Transfer of internal energy by
microscopic diffusion and collisions of particles within a
body due to a temperature gradient.
RADIATION- Electromagnetic waves (EMR) travel
through a vacuum or through matter-containing media.

11. GENERATION OF HEAT
 Heaters exist for various types of fuel, including solid
fuels, liquids, and gases.
 Another type of heat source is electricity, typically
heating ribbons made of high resistance wire.
 This principle is also used for baseboard heaters and
portable heaters.
 Electrical heaters are often used as backup or
supplemental heat for heat pump systems.

12. VENTILATION
MECHANICAL OR FORCED-
Provided by an air handler and used to control indoor air
quality.
 Excess humidity, odours, and contaminants can often be
controlled via dilution or replacement with outside air.
 Kitchens and bathrooms
NATURAL-
ventilation of a building with outside air without using
fans or other mechanical systems.
-reduces spread of diseases- tuberculosis, common cold.

13. AIR CONDITIONING UNIT
An air conditioner is like a refrigerator without the insulated
box. It evaporates a refrigerant, like Freon, to provide
cooling.
Most Air Conditioners Have:
 A compressor
 An expansion valve
 A hot coil (on the outside)
 A chilled coil (on the inside)
 Two fans
 A control unit

14. COMPRESSOR
• Heart of the system, belt driven pump that fastened to engine.
• Responsible for compressing and transferring refrigerant.
Advantages:
• Very high volumetric efficiency (almost 98%)
• Lesser Noise and lighter compared to rotary compressor.

15. CONDENSER
• Responsible for heat dissipation. The condenser is
designed to radiate heat.
• Located in front of the radiator. Require good air flow
when system is in operation
• Plate fin type heat exchanger with micro channels used.
Very compact and better heat transfer capability.
• Hot compressed refrigerant vapour cools at constant
pressure to liquid.

16. EVAPORATOR
• Heat absorption component.
• Used remove heat from the inside of vehicle.
• Secondary benefit - dehumidification.
• Unconditioned air passes through a filter before entering the
evaporator.
• Plate-fin evaporator with micro channels used.

17. HEAT PUMP (HP)
 A machine or device that moves heat from one location (the
source) to another location (the mechanical work)
 Can produce heating or cooling by reversing the direction of heat
flow
 Can be used in:
 Forced Air System
 Hot Water System
 Radiant Heat System

18. BASIC REFRIGERATION CYCLE

19. TYPES OF INSTALLATION
 Window unit and packaged terminal
 Split system
 Mini Split System -typically produce 9,000–36,000
BTU(9,500–38,000 KJ) per hour of cooling.
 Central air conditioning

20. USES OF AIR CONDITIONING
 Comfort application
 Domestic use
 Process application

21. HVAC SYSTEMS
Central Forced air system
Air handling system
 Hot water system
 Zone control system
 Radiant heat

22. AIR HANDLING UNIT(AHU)
 Device used to condition and circulate air as part of
an HVAC system
 Large metal box containing a blower, heating or
cooling elements, filter, and sound attenuators.
 Connects to ductwork that distributes the conditioned
air through the building and returns it to the AHU

23. ADVANTAGES OF HVAC
1. Conserves Energy
2. Regulates Moisture
3. Air Quality Improvement.

24. DISADVANTAGES OF HVAC
Initial installation cost is high.
Primary disadvantage of ductless air
conditioners is their cost.

25. APPLICATIONS OF HVAC
 “Free cooling” during moderate temperatures
 Thermal storage—isolation of storage tank
 Water source heat pump pre cooler with isolation
 Heating potable hot water (instantaneous heater)
 Waste heat recovery from condenser water

26. CONCLUSION
 Proper system design accounts for building type and
size, layout, surrounding area, the nature of activities
taking place, the number of occupants, climate and
other factors, making each situation distinct.
 Optimizing system operation.
 Making and analysing certain key measurements is
essential for optimizing the HVAC system
performance.

27. THANK YOU