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Gestalt	Theory	of	Learning
Seeing	the	Forest,	Not	Just	the	Trees
What	is	Gestalt	theory?
Created	by	German	theorist	
Graf	Christian	von	Ehrenfels,	who	said:
Learning	takes	place	as	individuals	are	able	to	comprehend	a	concept	
in	its	entirely,	rather	than	broken	up	into	parts.	
&
This	holistic	approach	includes:	factor	of	proximity,	factor	of	similarity,	
figure	ground	effect,	trace	theory,	phenomenology,	Isomorphism,	and	
factor	of	closure.
1. Gestalt	theory	states	that	the	human	brain	maps	elements	of	
learning	that	are	presented	as	a	whole,	instead	of	as	separate	parts.	
This	is	the	“factor	of	proximity.” Example:	reading	and	music—letters	
and	words	or	musical	notes	make	no	sense	when	standing	alone.	
They	only	become	a	whole	story	or	song	when	mapped	together.
2. The	next	law	is	the	“factor	of	similarity,” which	says	learning	happens	
when	groups	that	are	alike	are	linked	together	and	contrasted	with	
groups	that	are	different,	leading	to	improved	critical	thinking	skills.	
3. The	“figure-ground	effect” describes	the	phenomenon	where	when	
observing	things	around	them,	human	eyes	to	ignore	space	or	holes	
and	to	see,	instead,	whole	objects.	
Elements	of	Gestalt	theory
4. “Trace	theory”	says	that	as	new	thoughts	and	ideas	are	learned,	the	brain	
tends	to	make	connections,	or	“traces,”	that	are	representative	of	the	
links	that	occur	between	conceptions	and	ideas,	as	well	as	images.
5. “Phenomenology”	describes	how	people	organize	learning	by	looking	at	
their	lived	experiences	and	consciousness.	Learning	happens	best	when	
the	instruction	is	related	to	their	real	life	experiences.	
5. Brains	make	maps	of	stimuli	caused	by	life	experiences,	and	this	mapping	
is	called	“isomorphism.”
6. Did	you	know?	Whenever	the	brain	sees	only	a	portion	of	a	picture,	it	
automatically	attempts	to	create	a	complete	picture.	This	is	the	first	
organizational	law	of	Gestalt,	called	the	“factor	of	closure”.	
Elements	of	Gestalt	theory
Learning	design	implications	
for	schools	and	organizations
Previous	knowledge	is	key	for	foundational	buy-in.	Teachers	need	to	
design	lesson	plans	that	take	into	consideration	the	learner’s	past	and	
current	experiences	and	perceptions	as	the	key	to	learning	new	
information.	
In	Gestalt	learning	theory,	when	the	learners	come	across	information	
or	concepts	that	are	not	organized,	the	mind	organizes	it	in	an	attempt	
to	enable	the	learner	to	recognize	and	apply	the	concepts	being	taught.	
This	is	why	acronyms	and	other	mnemonic	devices	can	be	useful.
An	Example	from	My	Professional	Life
How/where	the	theory	works	in	practice
One	way	technology	can	empower	virtual	learning
GATE’s	Comprehensive	Trainings
• Learning	Styles
• Mnemonics
• Speedreading
• Note	Taking
• Mind	Mapping
• Presentations
• Time	
Management	
Strategies
• Research	Tactics
• Metacognitive	
Strategies	1
• Metacognitive	
Strategies	2
• Metacognitive
Strategies	3
• Digging	for	Roots
GRADES
GATE’s	Comprehensive	Trainings
• Learning	Styles
• Mnemonics
• Speedreading
• Note	Taking
• Mind	Mapping
• Presentations
• Time	
Management	
Strategies
• Research	Tactics
• Metacognitive	
Strategies	1
• Metacognitive	
Strategies	2
• Metacognitive
Strategies	3
• Digging	for	Roots
• Intro	to	Identifying	
“Right-Fit	Colleges”
• Enrollment	
patterns
• Early	Decision/Early	
Action
• Dive	Into	Majors
• Career	Decisions
• Gateway	to	College
• Understanding	the	
Terminology	
• Dollars	and	Sense	
• Math	1
• Math	2
• Math	3
• Digging	for	Roots
GRADES APPLICATIONS
FINANCIAL	AID	
LITERACY
Scholarship
Search	Tool
GATE’s	Comprehensive	Trainings
• Learning	Styles
• Mnemonics
• Speedreading
• Note	Taking
• Mind	Mapping
• Presentations
• Time	
Management	
Strategies
• Research	Tactics
• Metacognitive	
Strategies	1
• Metacognitive	
Strategies	2
• Metacognitive
Strategies	3
• Digging	for	Roots
• Intro	to	Identifying	
“Right-Fit	Colleges”
• Enrollment	
patterns
• Early	Decision/Early	
Action
• Dive	Into	Majors
• Career	Decisions
• Gateway	to	College
• Understanding	the	
Terminology	
• Dollars	and	Sense	
• Math	1
• Math	2
• Math	3
• Digging	for	Roots
• SAT/ACT	Diagnostic	
• SAT/ACT	
MobileApp
• SAT	Exam	#1
• SAT	Exam	#2
• 63	SAT	Strategies
• 27	SAT	Drill	Sets	
ACT	Exam	#1
• ACT	Exam	#2
• 63	ACT	Strategies
• 27	ACT	Drill	Sets
• More	Exams	slated	
for	2018-19
• Expanded	Drill	Sets	
slated	for	2018-
2019
• Personalized	
Learning	=	
individualized
GRADES APPLICATIONS TESTING
FINANCIAL	AID	
LITERACY
Scholarship
Search	Tool
GATE’s	Comprehensive	Trainings
• Learning	Styles
• Mnemonics
• Speedreading
• Note	Taking
• Mind	Mapping
• Presentations
• Time	
Management	
Strategies
• Research	Tactics
• Metacognitive	
Strategies	1
• Metacognitive	
Strategies	2
• Metacognitive
Strategies	3
• Digging	for	Roots
• Intro	to	Identifying	
“Right-Fit	Colleges”
• Enrollment	
patterns
• Early	Decision/Early	
Action
• Dive	Into	Majors
• Career	Decisions
• Gateway	to	College
• Understanding	the	
Terminology	
• Dollars	and	Sense	
• Math	1
• Math	2
• Math	3
• Digging	for	Roots
• SAT/ACT	Diagnostic	
• SAT/ACT	
MobileApp
• SAT	Exam	#1
• SAT	Exam	#2
• 63	SAT	Strategies
• 27	SAT	Drill	Sets	
ACT	Exam	#1
• ACT	Exam	#2
• 63	ACT	Strategies
• 27	ACT	Drill	Sets
• More	Exams	slated	
for	2018-19
• Expanded	Drill	Sets	
slated	for	2018-
2019
• Personalized	
Learning	=	
individualized
• Essay	essentials
• Brainstorming	1
• Brainstorming	2
• Essence	Objects
• Values	Exercise
• 4	Essay	Types
• Narrative	vs	
Montage	Essays
• Writing	a	Narrative	
Essay	(w/	samples)
• Writing	a	Montage	
Essay	(w/	samples)
• Topic	&	First	Draft
• Receiving	Feedback
• The	Great	College	
Essay	Test
GRADES APPLICATIONS TESTING ESSAYS
FINANCIAL	AID	
LITERACY
Scholarship
Search	Tool
Learn	more:
GATECollegeSystem.com

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Gestalt GATE presentation by Pamela Donnelly