1.
Lifestyle Diseases
& Management
Dr. Pallab Kanti Nath
MD (Anaesthesiology)

2.
Lifestyle Diseases
& Management
Dr. Pallab Kanti Nath
MD (Anaesthesiology)

3.
What is a Lifestyle Disease ???
health problems that
react to changes in
lifestyle
diseases that are
caused partly by
unhealthy behaviors
and partly by other
factors

4.
All lifestyle diseases have one
common property:
They make breathing heavier and body O2 low
Cell hypoxia is the driving force of lifestyle diseases

5.
What Causes Lifestyle Diseases?
• Certain habits, behaviors, and practices
such as poor eating habits, inactivity,
smoking
• Factors that we cannot control such as age,
gender, and heredity

6.
Controllable Risk Factors
• Diet and body
weight
• Daily levels of
physical activity
smoking, eating habits, exercise,
amount of sleep you get.. smoking,
eating habits, exercise, amount of
sleep you get.. Your level of sun
exposure
Smoking and alcohol abuse
•Amount of sun
exposure
•Smoking and
alcohol abuse

7.
Uncontrollable factors
• Age
• Race
• Gender
• Heredity

8.
Improper life style:
Over eating
 Excessive consumption of fats
 Smoking
 Drinking
 Chewing tobacco
 Sedentary life style
 Lack of exercise

9.
Types of Lifestyle Diseases
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Stroke
• Diabetes
• Cancer
• Chronic obstructive Pulmonary disease
• Depression
• Musculoskeletal disorder

10.
Cardiovascular Diseases

11.
Cholesterol

12.
High Cholesterol
Type - A Mental Stress
Alcohol Smoking

13.
Atherosclerosis

14.
Atherosclerosis
14Dr.S.Siva, Aden refinery
Hospital, Little Aden, Yemen

15.
 Have the victim sit down and rest, and attempt to keep
calm. Loosen any tight clothing.
 If the victim has a known heart condition, ask if he takes a
chest pain medication.
 Assist the victim in taking the medication
(usually nitroglycerin, which is placed under the tongue).
 If the pain does not subside promptly with rest or within
3 minutes of taking nitroglycerin, call for emergency
medical assistance.

16.
What Is Blood Pressure?
When your heart
pumps,
it forces blood
through
your vessels.
This force is
called
blood pressure.

17.
Brain Stem-Function

18.
Cerebellum - Function

19.
Stroke

20.
T.I.A

21.
CVA

22.
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Diseases, Stroke and CVA
• Trim your fat intake, eat healthy
• Cut down on salt
• Keep your weight healthy
• Don’t smoke
• Don’t take alcohol
• Do exercise
• Monitor your blood pressure and
cholesterol
• Relax & cut down on stress
• If you are hypertensive then don’t skip
your Anti-hypertensive drugs

23.
Diabetes

24.
DIABETES
A disorder in which cells are unable to
obtain glucose from the blood such that
high blood-glucose levels result.

25.
Types of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes or Juvenile Diabetes
 Type 2 diabetes or
Maturity onset Diabetes
(Most common)

26.
Types of Diabetes

27.
High risk category
 45 yrs & above
 overweight
 close family member with diabetes
 diabetes during pregnancy
 had a baby that weighed > 9lbs (4kg)

28.
Prevention of Diabetes
 Maintaining a healthy
weight
 Avoiding smoking
 Reduction of Stress
 Avoiding Sedentary life
 Avoid Junk foods
 Exercise- reduces
insulin resistance

29.
Cancer

30.
Cancer
Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells

31.
Risk factors for Cancer
Tobacco use/ Smoking
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Dietary Factors
Radiation
Asbestos

32.
CAUTION
C – Change in bowel habits
A – A sore that does not heal
U – Unusual bleeding or discharge
T – Thickening or a lump
I – Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O – Obvious change in a wart or mole
N – Nagging cough or hoarseness

33.
Prevention of cancer
 Don’t’ smoke!
 Wear sunscreen; stay
away from tanning beds
 Eat your veggies and cut
the fat
 Eat moderate protein
 Stay active
 Get regular medical
check-ups

34.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Symptoms - shortness of breath, cough and sputum
production
 Tobacco smoking - most common cause of COPD
 other factors - air pollution, genetics
• Prolonged exposure to dusts, chemicals and fumes
increase the risk of COPD in both smokers and
nonsmokers
• Malnutrition & Low Birth weight is also a reason for
Respiratory disease . Being either underweight or
overweight can affect the symptoms

35.
Prevention of COPD
• Quit Smoking
• Have Healthy Diet
• Take nutrition supplements if
malnourished
• Do Breathing exercise
• Avoid exposure to fumes &
dust .
• Improve both indoor &
outdoor air quality

36.
Depression

37.
Depression
• state of low mood and aversion to activity
 affects thoughts, behavior, feelings and sense of well-
being
• Life events and life style that may precipitate depressed
mood
– Childbirth
– menopause
– financial difficulties
– job problems, Disease
– loss of a loved one
– relationship troubles…

38.
Prevention of Depression
• Healthy Eating
cut out junk food
• Avoid foods high in refined sugar and
saturated fats
• Complex carbohydrates help to stimulate the
feel good neurotransmitter serotonin

39.
Continue……..
• Exercise
increases production of natural
antidepressants.
reduces stress, improves mood, boosts
self-esteem, and provides restful sleep
• Weight loss
improves your self-esteem and overall
health

40.
Continue……
• Meditation
practice of engaging in a mental
exercise—such as deep breathing or
repetition of a phrase (mantra)
Meditation can help relieve anxiety
• Sleep
Having a calming bedtime routine that
helps you wind down and feel fresh the
next morning

41.
Continue……..
• Relationship
Spending time with positive, supportive,
and loving people can help you through
your darkest times
• Avoid Sedentary life - leads to depression
stay active , do your hobbies, read books,
take active part in social activity

42.
Walk...

43.
Musculoskeletal Disease

44.
Musculoskeletal Disease
 Healthy diet with physical activity
builds strong & healthy bones
 Exercise strengthens the bones ,
ligaments & muscle surrounding joints

45.
Maintaining Healthy Lifestyle
• Diet- healthy eating patterns
Consume fewer Calories and be physically active.
• Exercise- At least 150 min per week of moderate-
intensity,
– 2 or more days per week of muscle-
strengthening activities.
• Relaxation- Work/school/personal life balance,
Relaxation response for 20 min, 1-2x/day
• Addiction Management- Smoking, alcohol, drugs

46.
Minimum recommendation
for physical Activity by WHO
• Children & young people - moderate intensity
activity for at least 60 mints per day
• Adults - at least 30 mints of exercise most if
not all days. Should include flexibility, muscle
strength & endurance exercise twice a week
• 60 to 90 mints to improve when already in
poor health or to lose weight
• Moderate exercise is Brisk walking,
swimming, cycling, gardening with moderate
effort