Cardiac tamponade and cardiac contusion are two conditions caused by trauma to the heart region. Cardiac tamponade is caused by an accumulation of blood under pressure in the pericardial space, usually due to a penetrating precordial injury. This leads to reduced ventricular filling and decreased cardiac output. Diagnosis is made using echocardiography. Treatment involves pericardiocentesis or pericardiotomy to drain fluid from the pericardial space. Cardiac contusion is caused by blunt trauma to the chest, which damages heart cells and can lead to myocardial necrosis or valve rupture. Symptoms include chest pain and arrhythmias. Treatment focuses on monitoring in the ICU, managing arrhythmias