power system automation with smart grid

1. SMART GRID:
THE FUTURE GRID

2. SUPERVISED BY-
Mr. SUNEEL KUMAR
(HOD)
Mr. ABHISHEK CHAUHAN
PRESENTED BY-
PRAVEEN KUMAR SINGH
(1673520034)
RAJKIYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
BIJNOR
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
PRESENTATION ON
SMART GRID

3.  WHAT IS GRID?
 IDEA BEHIND SMART GRID
 WHAT IS SMART GRID?
 CONCEPT BEHIND SMART GRID
 SMART GRID IMPLEMENTATION
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGES
 SMART GRID IMPLEMENTATION IN INDIA
 FUTURE SCOPE
 REFERENCES
CONTENTS

4. HOW ENERGY WE CONSUME IS PRODUCED?

5. WHAT IS GRID?
 An electrical grid is an interconnected network for
delivering electricity from producers to consumers which
consists of-
 Generating stations that produce electrical power
 High voltage transmission lines that carry power from distance
sources to demand centers
 Distribution lines that connect individual customers.

6. IDEA BEHIND SMART GRID-
BALANCING SUPPLY AND DEMAND
STABILITY AND SAFETY
USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY

7. UNFORTUNATELY,
Much of the grid was designed and
constructed with technology developed
in 1950’s and 1960’s where latest
technologies like power electronics,
software tools were in thoughts. It was
never intended to carry the amazing
amount of power that todays
electricity-hungry indian’s consume. In
short grid is out of date.

8. WHAT IS SMART GRID?
 It is a modern,updated and smart transmission system
 It is a generic label for application of computer, intelligence and
networking abilities to the existing dumb electricity distribution
system
 It listens,processes and even responds
 In short – its all about adding intelligence to our aging electric
power infrastructure and delivery systems, from the power plant to
the application in your home.

9. CONCEPT BEHIND SMART GRID
 The basic concept of smart grid is to add monitoring,analysis,control and
communication capabilities to the national electricity delivery system.
 This in turn can maximize the output of equipment,help utilities lower
cost,improve reliability,decrease interruptions and reduce energy
consumption.

10. TRADITIONAL POWER GRID- SMART GRID-
Smart grid basic concept-
TWO WAY FLOW OF ELECTRICITY-ONE WAY FLOW OF ELECTRICITY-

11.  Smart grid concept can be implemented in power system-
Generation
Transmission
Distribution
CONSUMPTION

12. Smart generation system
Centralized power generation Distributed power generation

13. Use of renewable
energy-

14. SMART POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM-
TRADITIONAL TRANSMISSION SMART TRANSMISSION

15. SMART TRANSMISSION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
PMU FACTS
WAMS

16. PMU-
A PMU MEASURES THE ELECTRICAL WAVES USING GPS FOR TIME SYNCHRONISATION. THE DEVICES ARE
INSTALLED AT THE BEGIN AS WELL AS THE END OF A LINE AND SEND BOTH SIGNALS TO A WIDE AREA
MEASUREMENT SYSTEM (WAMS). THE WAMS COMPARES THE SIGNALS AND DETERMINES THE PHASE
DIFFERENCE. SO IT IS POSSIBLE TO DETERMINE THE COMPLEX VOLTAGE VECTOR RESPECTIVELY THE
STATE.
FACTS-
FACTS IS THE ACRONYM FOR “FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS” AND REFERS TO A GROUP OF RESOURCES
USED TO OVERCOME CERTAIN LIMITATIONS IN THE STATIC AND DYNAMIC TRANSMISSION CAPACITY OF
ELECTRICAL NETWORKS.IT IS ALTERNATING CURRENT TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS INCORPORATING POWER-
ELECTRONICS BASED AND OTHER STATIC CONTROLLERS TO ENHANCE CONTROL ABILITY AND POWER
TRANSFER ABILITY. THE MAIN PURPOSE OF THESE SYSTEMS IS TO SUPPLY THE NETWORK AS QUICKLY AS
POSSIBLE WITH INDUCTIVE OR CAPACITIVE REACTIVE POWER THAT IS ADAPTED TO ITS PARTICULAR
REQUIREMENTS, WHILE ALSO IMPROVING TRANSMISSION QUALITY AND THE EFFICIENCY OF THE POWER
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM.
WAMS-
WAMS TRANSFORM INSTANTANEOUS SYNCHROPHASOR MEASUREMENTS INTO VALUABLE INFORMATION
THROUGH REAL-TIME “MEASUREMENT-BASED” ANALYTICS, AND COMBINES THEM WITH “MODEL-BASED”
PREDICTIVE VISIBILITY, PROVIDING ADVANCED DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS TO BETTER ASSESS GRID RELIABILITY
AND MAXIMIZE TRANSFER CAPACITY. THIS GIVES GRID OPERATORS AN HOLISTIC AND ACCURATE VIEW OF
CURRENT GRID STATUS, BETTER INTELLIGENCE TO UNDERSTAND, PREDICT AND MITIGATE POTENTIAL
DEVELOPING EVENTS.

17. SMART DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
 SMART DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM MEANS IT EQUIPPED WITH SMART METERS
AND DEVICES.
 SMART METERS IS REPLACEMENT OF ANALOG METERS AT POINTS OF
CONSUMPTION WITH DIGITAL METERS WHICH CAN TRANSMIT THEIR
READINGS MUCH MORE REGULARLY WITHOUT MANUAL INTERVENTION.
 IT HELPS IN UNDERSTANDING THE PATTERNS OF CONSUMPTION SO THAT
GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY IS DONE ACCORDING TO CONSUMPTION.
 THESE SMART SENSORS ARE USED TO PROVIDE DATA BACK TO
OPERATIONAL CENTERS WITHOUT MANUAL INTERVENTION. THIS ALLOWS
ANALYTICS TO DETERMINE IMBALANCES QUICKLY AND GREATER
REFINEMENT OF SETTINGS FOR BEST QUALITY OF ELECTRICITY.
 IT HELPS IN MAINTAINING PROPER LEVEL OF REACTIVE POWER IN SYSTEM.

18. Smart distribution system components
FLISR FAULT LOCATION, ISOLATION, AND SERVICE RESTORATION (FLISR) SYSTEM, INTEGRATED INTO
THE OUTAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM , CAN RESTORE POWER TO UN FAULTED PORTIONS OF A FAULTED
LINE IN SECONDS.
ISLANDING ISLANDING IS KNOWN AS A MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE OF THE POWER SYSTEM THAT IS
IMPLEMENTED AT THE DISTRIBUTION LEVEL TO PRESERVE SENSIBLE LOADS FROM OUTAGES AND TO GUARANTEE
THE CONTINUITY IN ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, WHEN A HIGH AMOUNT OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION OCCURS.
SCADA ACRONYM FOR SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION, A COMPUTER SYSTEM FOR
GATHERING AND ANALYZING REAL TIME DATA. SCADA SYSTEMS ARE USED TO MONITOR AND
CONTROL A PLANT OR EQUIPMENT IN INDUSTRIES SUCH AS TELECOMMUNICATIONS, WATER AND
WASTE CONTROL, ENERGY, OIL AND GAS REFINING AND TRANSPORTATION.

19. Smart consumer and load
SMARTHOME- SMART HOME USES EMERGING GRID
TECHNOLOGIES TO SAVE ENERGY,SEEK OUT THE LOWEST
RATE,AND CONTRIBUTE TO THE SMOOTH AND EFFICIENT
FUNCTIONING OF OUR ELECTRIC GRID.
SMARTHOMEDEPENDON-
 SMART METERS
 HOME ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
 HOME POWER GENERATION

20. SMART METER-
 Provide the smart grid interface between consumer and energy service provider.
 Operate digitaly
 Provide information about usage of electricity in different service areas to the energy service
providers.
Home energy management system-
 Allow consumers to track energy usage in detail to better save energy
 Allow consumers to moniter real time information and demand signal
 Allow to create settings to automatically use power when off peak demand
Home power generation-
 Power generation system
 Rooftop solar electric system
 Small wind turbines
 Home fuel cell system for production of heat and power from natural gas

21. Smart consumers engagement-
 Save energy with proper scheduling of smart home appliances
 Pay less for consuming energy in off peak hour

22. Smart grid communication system

23. Advantages-
 Better energy management
 Reliability of power supply
 Better demand supply / demand response
management
 Reduce carbon emissions
 Protecting the environment

24. Disadvantages-
 PRESENT INFRASTRUCTURE IS INADEQUATE &
REQUIRES HIGH COST OF INSTALLATION
 SMART GRID IS CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEM IT CAN BE
HACKED
 MOST RENEWABLEENERGY SOURCES ARE
INTERMITTENT & NOT RELIABLE

25. Smart grid implemented in india
Pondicherry Smart Grid Pilot Project-
 POWERGRID has taken a pioneering initiative to develop Smart Grid Pilot Project at
Pondecherry through collaborative efforts jointly with Electricity Departments, Govt. of
Pondecherry for demonstration of efficacy
 More than 50 organization has participated with POWERGRID for this unique initative
BESCOM Project:Bangalore-
 Integratation of renewable and distributed energy resources to the grid
KEPCO PROJECT IN KERALA

26. FUTURE SCOPE
 The government of India approved the establishment
of a national smart grid mission(NSGM) in power
sector(March,2015)
 NSGM to plan and monitor implementation of
policies and programmes related to Smart Grid
activities in India.
 NSGM Project management unit (NPMU) housed in
POWERGRID.
 NSGM will have its own resources, authority,
functional and financial autonomy
 The total outlay for NSGM activities for 12 th
plan:Rs.980 crore with a budgetary support of Rs.338
crore.

27. REFERENCES-
 “The Green Grid: Energy Savings and Carbon Emissions Reductions Enabled by a Smart
Grid,”‘ EPRI Palo Alto, CA: 2008
 Frederic Butler, “A Call to order – A regulatory perspective on the smart grid,” IEEE Power &
Energy Magazine, April 2009
 Sohal, G.S., “Glimpses of Power Sector”, Ist Edition, Confluence International, New Delhi,
2004
 Shahi, R V, “Indian Power Sector: Challenge & Response”, Excel, New Delhi, 2006
 “Overview of Power Sector in India 2005 (revised edition)”, India Core Publishing, New
Delhi, 2005
 ‘The Indian Electricity Market: Country Study and Investment Context” P.M. Lamb. ,
July.2006

28. Have any query?