Modules module5mod5home.htmlmodule 5 homecomparing models

1. Modules/Module5/Mod5Home.htmlModule 5 - Home
Comparing Models to Assess the Research ProblemModular
Learning Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this module, the student will be
able to satisfy the following outcomes:Case
Assemble the methodology chapter.SLP
Use data and visualization tools to complete the
background.Discussion
Reflect on the dissertation task ahead.Module Overview
Data analysis and presentation
The final stage of describing your research methodology is the
development of a data analysis plan and outline for development
and presentation of your findings, both to your research
colleagues and to your research site. The analysis is neither
automatic nor trivial. Data tend to be complex and interpretable
in numerous ways, and there are specific rules about how
different kinds of data can be handled and the kinds of
inferences that can be drawn from them. Different audiences are
interested in different parts of your study, and selecting the
appropriate presentation formats for different audiences can
have a critical bearing on the success or failure of your overall
research effort.
Analyzing the data and organizing them for presentation is
essentially the construction of an organized story told by the
data. Thus, developing this part of your project requires that
you understand what your story is and that you be able to tell it
clearly and effectively. It’s critical to remember that your data,
whatever their nature and however you collected them, are
essentially living things, since they are abstracted properties of
living organizations. As living things, your data deserve as
much respect and attention as you would pay to any other living
participant in your research. Understand that your data really

2. want to tell you a story; all you have to do is listen clearly to
them without preconceptions and without a prior agenda and the
story will come through.
Qualitative data in particular, including most of what is usually
derived from interviews, are by necessity going to be at least
partially analyzed as you proceed. That is, as you reflect on
each interview and what you learned from it, you will learn
additional things to investigate and form certain preliminary
conclusions that you may test in subsequent data-gathering. It’s
important not to get yourself committed to any one set of results
to early on, since later information may change or modify your
earlier conclusions. But it would be naïve to pretend that you
are not forming certain conclusions as you proceed.
Quantitative data, particularly those derived from
questionnaires and/or secondary analysis, tend to be analyzed
after the fact. Typically, you only get one shot at collecting
these kinds of data, so you need to be sure that they are really
what you intend to collect.
Presenting your findings will involve at least two stages. First,
you will be writing up an academic report that will constitute
the last two chapters of your doctoral project. These chapters on
findings and discussion will be appended to your previous
proposal as your final project. This is pretty much an academic
exercise, the kind you have had a lot of practice with to date.
The second stage involves presenting your findings to your
client organization, usually through or at least in conjunction
with your project liaison person. This is likely to be a different
kind of presentation, emphasizing more the practical results of
your study and the recommendations, if any, that you have
formed for the organization as a result of the study. This
presentation is likely to be interactive, so you need to be
prepared to answer questions about what you have done and
what you think you found. You want to avoid any more
academic language than you have to use and make the
presentation as accessible to the people in the organization as
possible. This part of your project is as important as the

3. academic write up, and you need to think clearly about how you
want to organize it.
Obviously, you cannot analyze data you do not have or present
findings that you have not formulated yet. So, this part of your
project proposal will be more hypothetical than other parts of
your plan. Nonetheless, it’s important to think about these
issues in advance and have some ideas about how you will
approach the data and who will be interested in various parts of
your results.Privacy Policy | Contact
Modules/Module5/Mod5Background.htmlModule 5 -
Background
Comparing Models to Assess the Research ProblemRequired
Reading
EvaSys. (2018). How to effectively carry out a qualitative data
analysis. Retrieved from https://www.evasys.co.uk/wp-
content/uploads/2019/09/How_to_Effectivele_Carry_Out_a_Qua
litative_Analysis.pdf
Reporting and discussing your findings. (2018). Retrieved May
10, 2018, from the Monash University website at
https://www.monash.edu/rlo/graduate-research-writing/write-
the-thesis/writing-the-thesis-chapters/reporting-and-discussing-
your-findings
Data presentation and analysis. (2018). Retrieved May 10, 2018
from the Planning Tank website at
https://planningtank.com/planning-techniques/data-presentation-
and-analysis
Research data management system project: Best practices in
research data management. (2018). New England Collaborative
Data Management Curriculum. Retrieved May 10, 2018.
Rowley, J. (2002). Using case studies in research. Management
Research News, 25(1), 16-27. Retrieved May 10, 2018.
Available in the Trident Online Library. (Search by title and
author's last name.)
Stockberger, D. (2016). Introductory statistics: Concepts,

4. models, and applications. Missouri State. Retrieved from
http://www.psychstat.missouristate.edu/introbook/sbk19.htm
Brown, N., Lave, B., Romey, J., Schatz, M., & Shingledecker,
M. (2018) Beginning Excel. OpenOregon, Creative Commons
License. Retrieved from
https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/beginningexcel/ and
https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/beginningexcel/front-
matter/introduction/
Book II: Chapters 1–4 and
Book V: Chapter 1 in:
Harvey, G. (2016). Excel 2016 All-in-One For Dummies. John
Wiley & Sons. Available in the Trident Online Library: Follow
these instructions for Finding Skillsoft Books. Enter 112925 in
the search bar.Video Material
ExcellsFun. (2012, October 19). Excel data analysis: Sort,
filter, PivotTable, formulas (25 examples): HCC Professional
Day 2012 [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5WiYh2jmG8
Gibbs, G. R. (2015, March 4). Quality in qualitative research
[Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1YfaSmDQbw
Curry, L. (2015, June 23). Fundamentals of qualitative research
methods: Data analysis (module 5) [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opp5tH4uD-w
Russell, D. (2014, October 24). Introduction to quantitative data
analysis [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5XR3Ari7-0
McGinn, J., Kaniasty, E., Mistry, D., Soucy, K., & Snyder, C.
(2012). Delivering results: How do you report user research
findings? New Hampshire Usability Professional’s Association
Meeting. Retrieved from
https://www.slideshare.net/bobthomas/delivering-results-how-
do-you-report-user-research-findingsSampling and Data
Gibbs, G. R. (2012, October 24). Social surveys. Part 1 of 2 on
surveys and sampling [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M-lEVzKyqhQ&t=6s

5. Gibbs, G. R. (2012, October 24). Sampling. Part 2 of 2 on
surveys and sampling [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owN9hLq-Eac
Gibbs, G. R. (2014, March 11). Crosstabulations and their
interpetation. Part 1 of 2 on crosstabulations and chi -square
[Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6bqHNVd-Kw
Gibbs, G. R. (2014, March 11). The chi-square statistic and
reporting results. Part 2 of 2 on crosstabulations and chi -square
[Video file]. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmaL62bDsf8&t=5sPrivacy
Policy | Contact
Best practices in researchdata management.pptx
Research Data Management System project:
Best Practices in Research Data Management*
*Adaptation of the NECDMC
NECDMC stands for New England Collaborative Data
Management Curriculum, which is led by the Lamar Souter
Library at Umass Medical School, in collaboration with several
other NE libraries, including Tufts University. This presentation
and discussion today utilize only a small amount of information
available on the NECDMC website. The curriculum is designed
to align with the NSF data management plan recommendations
and to address some universal research data management
questions and concerns.
This presentation is an adaptation of the NECDMC First
Module, originally compiled and presented by my colleague
Katie Houk, now working at Cal State San Diego.
1

6. Today’s Objectives
Why manage data?
Identify common data management issues
Best practices for managing data
Support: how the library and TTS can help you and your lab
So, this is a brief session that only scratches the surface of data
management and data management planning issues concerns, but
I hope that in about 20-25 minutes, we’ll gain a good
understanding of these issues, understand the importance of data
management, and have some new resources in your toolkit for
approaching Data Management Planning. We will have an
exercise following the lecture where you will break into groups
and review a case study, and hopefully by the time I’m done
with you today, you’ll have a firmer footing in this world, and
you’ll know where to go for help. Spoiler, the Library is a great
place to start…
Modules/Module5/Mod5Home.htmlModule 5 - Home
Implementation of ChangeModular Learning Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this module, the student will be
able to satisfy the following outcomes:Case
Explain why fidelity of implementation of technologies can be a
particular problem.Identify various socio-technical
implementation strategies available to organizations.Explain the
role of organizational research and development (R&D) in
innovation and the “NIH Syndrome.”Describe the evolution of
corporate wellness programs as a case study in problems of
implementation.SLP

7. Complete first draft of literature review.Discussion
Continue discussion of unresolved course questions and
issues.Module Overview
We will conclude our study of creativity and innovation with a
look at the particular management problems posed by the
process of implementation of technology, and the difficulties
with forming effective business strategies under conditions of
risk and uncertainty about the effects of social and technical
change. It is often said that “the devil is in the details” – that is,
however good your idea may be, it is ultimately no better than
your ability to put it into practice in a complex social situation
where you exercise only minimal control over many of the
critical elements.
Implementation is the process of gradually specifying how a
change will work in relation to all of the other things that are
already in place in your organiza tion. Inevitably, this requires
compromises and mutual adjustments both in the innovation and
in its social surround. This is the essence of what is called
socio-technical design - namely, a systematic and organized
way of approaching implementation dynamics, as opposed to the
more usual simple fumbling around and trying to fix problems
one at a time, generally while compounding other problems that
you may not even understand. We do know a good bit about how
to implement complex innovations in ways that do not tear their
organizations apart. What is sad is that we usually do not pay
much attention to it.
If implementation is the “grunt work” of trying to integrate
changes into existing systems, then the more rarefied work of
formulating effective business strategies allowing for these
processes and their inherent uncertainty is the task of the senior
management of the organization. An important part of this
strategy needs to be a careful understanding of implementation
dynamics and change management, but it also involves
environmental scanning, organizational analysis, devotion of
resources to research and development, effective use of “big
data,” and the development of interorganizational and

8. international alliances on an unprecedented scale. The scope of
changes that we are currently experiencing and their
increasingly rapid time frames mean that more than ever, we
need to be proactive as well as responsive in our approach to
change.Privacy Policy | Contact
Modules/Module5/Mod5Background.htmlModule 5 -
Background
Implementation of Change
Video material
https://youtu.be/Mtjatz9r-VcRequired Reading
Leonard-Barton, D. & Kraus, W.A. (1985) Implementing new
technology. Harvard Business Review. November. Retrieved
October 24, 2017, from https://hbr.org/1985/11/i mplementing-
new-technology
http://www.ecoman.ktu.lt/index.php/Ekv/article/download/4732/
2739
May, C. (2013) Towards a general theory of implementation.
Implementation Science. 8:18 Retrieved October 21, 2017, from
https://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11
86/1748-5908-8-18
Mujtaba, B. and Cavico, F. (2013) Corporate Wellness
Programs: Implementation Challenges in the Modern American
Workplace. Int J Health Policy Manag. Sep; 1(3):193–199.
Retrieved November 15, 2017, from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3937880/
Society for Human Resource Management (2015) Wellness
Programs: What are the general steps for implementing a
wellness program, and how can a wellness program benefit
employers? Retrieved November 15, 2017, from
https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/tools-and-samples/hr-
qa/pages/wellnessprogramscontributingtotheemployer%E2%80%
99sbottomline.aspx

9. Pellissier, R. (2014) Towards strategy formulation in a complex
environment. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and
Leisure. 3 (1). Retrieved November 15, 2017, from
http://www.ajhtl.com/uploads/7/1/6/3/7163688/article_25_vol__
3_1.pdfOptional Reading
Parnell, J. (2016) A Business Strategy Typology for the New
Economy: Reconceptualization and Synthesis. Journal of
Applied and behavioral Management. Retrieved November 15,
2o17, from https://jbam.scholasticahq.com/article/1052.pdf
Ozminkowski, R. (2002) Long-Term Impact of Johnson &
Johnson’s Health & Wellness Program on Health Care
Utilization and Expenditures. Journal of Occupational and
Environmental Medicine. 44(1):21-30. Retrieved November 15,
2017, from
http://images1.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20101201230423/healthc
o/images/3/31/Johnsonjohnson.pdf
Bromiley, P and Rau, D., (2014) Towards a practice-based view
of strategy. Strategic Management Journal. Retrieved November
15, 2017, from
https://escholarship.org/content/qt1z04d5mw/qt1z04d5mw.pdfPr
ivacy Policy | Contact
Modules/Module5/Mod5Case.htmlModule 5 - Case
Implementation of ChangeAssignment Overview
As our focal technology for this module, we will consider the
evolution of corporate wellness programs. The technologies
associated with promotion of “corporate wellness” (in itself a
concept that has many different definitions and varieties) are
generally fairly broad in range and capable of being introduced
into practice in many different ways. It is certainly desirable to
have technologies that can be adapted effectively to particular
organizational situations during their implementation; but if
there are certain elements of the technology that will only be
effective if they are implemented in a particular kind of way,
then a flexible orientation can easily introduce enough error

10. into the process that the positive effects of the technology are
not realized.
It is extremely difficult to separate failures in implementation
from failures in the technology itself. Moreover, since
implementation problems tend to become fairly contentious
issues in organizational politics, there are likely to be wider
repercussions felt throughout the system. Organizational life is
further complicated when one attempts to separate bad decisions
from those made about negative things, or separate bad
decisions from the good in a complex situation where a number
of people in several places are making decisions
simultaneously.
Our case here involves looking at corporate wellness
interventions as examples of technologies where implementation
is absolutely critical, and how you get to a new equilibrium is
as important, if not more important, than the content of the
equilibrium itself. We will consider these issues both from an
implementation (bottom-up) perspective as well as from a
strategic (top-down) perspective, and try to see how these two
perspectives hopefully complement each, other but can easily
wind up in conflict.Case Assignment
Prepare a 5- to 7-page paper in accordance with the following
Assignment Expectations on the topic:
“Strategy and implementation of corporate wellness programs”
You should begin your paper by reviewing the general idea of
corporate wellness and the knowledge base underlying its
popularity and value. You should then assess how companies
make strategic decisions about putting such programs in the
place, and how that strategy is then translated into an effective
or ineffective implementation process. Discuss how, during
implementation, programs are shaped in different kinds of ways,
some better than others. You should include your paper with a
couple of paragraphs outlining your own recommendations on
how companies can more effectively integrate overall
innovative strategies with local change management, under
conditions of uncertainty and risk.Assignment Expectations

11. Length: The written component of this assignment should be 5-7
pages long (double-spaced) without counting the cover page and
reference page.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper according to the questions.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard
guidelines of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence
syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar and spelling impact
clarity. We encourage you to use tools such as grammarly.com
and proofread your paper before submission.
When you write your paper make sure you do the
following:Answer the assignment questions directly.Stay
focused on the precise assignment questions. Do not go off on
tangents or devote a lot of space to summarizing general
background materials.Use evidence from your readings to
justify your conclusions.Cite at least five credible
resources.Reference your sources of information with both a
bibliography and in-text citations. See the Student Guide to
Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper, including pages 11-14
on in-text citations. Another resource is the “Writing Style
Guide,” which is found under “My Resources” in the TLC
Portal.
Your assignment will be graded using the following
criteria:Assignment-driven Criteria: Student demonstrates
mastery covering all key elements of the assignment.Critical
Thinking/Application to Professional Practice: Student
demonstrates mastery conceptualizing the problem, and
analyzing information. Conclusions are logically presented and
applied to professional practice in an exceptional
manner.Business Writing and Quality of References: Student
demonstrates mastery and proficiency in written communication
and use of appropriate and relevant literature at the doctoral
level.Citing Sources: Student demonstrates mastery applying
APA formatting standards to both in text citations and the
reference list.Professionalism and Timeliness: Assignments are

12. submitted on time.Privacy Policy | Contact
Modules/Module5/Mod5SLP.htmlModule 5 - SLP
Implementation of Change
Module 5 marks the completion of the first draft of a literature
review for your project. The assignment for this module is to
complete the first draft, based on the annotated outline for it
that you submitted in Module 4. By now, you should have all
your sources lined up; have some practice at writing paragraphs
for a literature review; and received feedback. If your annotated
outline is well developed, turning it into your draft should not
be too hard. It just requires putting together all the skills that
you have been developing throughout the program to date.
Back in Module 1, you had a chance to look at literature
reviews from a number of DBA projects. You should try to
emulate the academic style of these reviews to the degree
possible.SLP Assignment Expectations
Length: The draft that you submit should be 15-20 pages long
(double-spaced) without counting the cover page and reference
page.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper according to the questions.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard
guidelines of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence
syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar and spelling impact
clarity. We encourage you to use tools such as grammarly.com
and proofread your paper before submission.
As you complete your assignment, make sure you do the
following:Answer the assignment questions directly.Stay
focused on the precise assignment questions. Do not go off on
tangents or devote a lot of space to summarizing general
background materials.Use evidence from your readings to
justify your conclusions.Cite at least five credible
resources.Reference your sources of information with both a

13. bibliography and in-text citations. See the Student Guide to
Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper, including pages 11-14
on in-text citations. Another resource is the “Writing Style
Guide,” which is found under “My Resources” in the TLC
Portal.
Your assignment will be graded using the following
criteria:Assignment-driven Criteria: Student demonstrates
mastery covering all key elements of the assignment.Critical
Thinking/Application to Professional Practice: Student
demonstrates mastery conceptualizing the problem, and
analyzing information. Conclusions are logically presented and
applied to professional practice in an exceptional
manner.Business Writing and Quality of References: Student
demonstrates mastery and proficiency in written communication
and use of appropriate and relevant literature at the doctoral
level.Citing Sources: Student demonstrates mastery applying
APA formatting standards to both in text citations and the
reference list.Professionalism and Timeliness: Assignments are
submitted on time.Privacy Policy | Contact
Modules/Module5/Mod5Objectives.htmlModule 5 - Outcomes
Implementation of ChangeModule
Describe the implementation of change as a socio-technical
problem, and outline different organizational strategies that may
be used to institutionalize changes.Complete a draft of the
literature review section for your doctoral project proposal.Case
Explain why fidelity of implementation of technologies can be a
particular problem.Identify various socio-technical
implementation strategies available to organizations.Explain the
role of organizational research and development (R&D) in
innovation and the “NIH Syndrome.”Describe the evolution of
corporate wellness programs as a case study in problems of
implementation.SLP
Complete first draft of literature review.Discussion
Continue discussion of unresolved course questions and

14. issues.Privacy Policy | Contact
Table of Contents.htmlDOC660 Innovation and Creativity in
Business (WIN2021-1) - Module 5: Implementation of Change
1. Home
2. Background
3. Case
4. SLP
5. Learning Outcomes