Movie advertisement posters and adventure video game

1. Adventure
Part I

2. The Hero’s
Quest

3. The OrdinaryWorld
Shrek lives in a swamp and then all of a sudden it is invaded by dozens of fairy-tale creatures, dumpedthere by lord
Farquaad as Shrek did not originally ownhis swamp. In order to take ownership of his swamp and banish the creatures,
he must go on a mission to rescue princess Fiona for LordFarquaad’s hand in marriage. Shrek ends up falling in love
with Fiona and discovers that she too is an ogre like him.
The Callto Adventure Lord Farquaad sends Shrek ona quest to rescue Princess Fiona from the tower
The Refusal n/a
Mentor Help Donkey– goes with Shrek on his quest
Crossingthe Threshold
As Shrek and Donkeyapproach the Dragon’s tower and they have to cross a long unstable woodenbridge in order to
reach the tower. Donkeyis too afraid to cross the bridge as it is over a river of burninglava. Shrek manages to help
Donkeycross over.
Test/Allies/Enemies
The Dragon– guarding the tower and Shrek must slay the dragon
Lord Farquaad – is a villain as he in incredibly mean and is disgusted once he realises Fiona is an ogre and orders for
Shrek and Fiona to be killed
Approach n/a
Ordeal
Shrek overhears Fiona talking to Donkeyin a barn and she says “who could ever love such an ugly hideous beast” and
Shrek thinks that Fiona is talking abouthim whenshe is in fact talking about herself. Heartbroken, he calls for Lord
Farquaad to collect the princess early and Fiona thinks he did that because he foundout she was an ogre and so she gets
angry and upset and decides to leave and marry Farquaad.
Reward Shrek’s swamp
Road Back
Shrek, Fiona and donkeyhave to make a fire and sleep outside but Fiona turns into an ogre at sunset so she camps outin
a barn and donkeydiscovers that she is an ogre.
Atonement
Donkeytells Shrek that Fiona is an ogre and Shrek realises that he loves her and has to save her from marrying Lord
Farquaad so they decide to crash the weddingso that she can be rescued.
Return Shrek has rescued Fiona from marrying a cruel man and they get married
Shrek

4. Equilibrium
Disruption
Recognition
Attempt to repair the damage
New Equilibrium

5. Shrek is a happy ogre and
lives in a swamp.
Shrek’s swamp is invaded
by a huge group of fairy-
tale creatures that were
dumped there by Lord
Farquaad.
Shrek is sent on a quest to
rescue Princess Fiona from
the tower by Lord Farquaad in
order to redeem the swamp as
his own.
Shrek rescues Fiona from the
tower.
Fiona and Shrek fall in love
and Shrek saves Fiona from
marrying Farquaad and they
end up living in the swamp
together.
Use this template to apply Todorov’s theory of equilibrium to your chosen film. Write in the boxes to explain what is
happening in your story at each point.

6. Initial Ideas

7. Idea 1
Who Anna Dawson
Age: 17
She/Her
What Comes home late after a night out after drinking and stumbles into her room to find some other person in
her bed. She runs to her parents rooms screaming saying there’s an intruder. Her parents say that they have
no idea who she is and has to leave immediately. Heartbroken and confused she runs to the police station
and the police don’t take her seriously as she in still visibly drunk but they look up her up but there is no
record of her ever existing.
Why There as an opening into the multiverse and many people had their lives stolen by an unknown other by
waking up in another universe without being aware of it.
When Modern day.
Where British Town.
How Someone time travelled and made one small change which caused a chain of events which altered their
reality and many others.

8. Idea 2
Who Princess – main character
What Typical romance Disney-like movie. It starts out as any princess movie would where the princess falls in love
with a prince and there is a villain trying to kill the princess. However, as the movie progresses it becomes
clear that this isn’t the typical movie you may have thought. The prince turns out to be the villain and the
villain turns out to be good and the princess comes to realise she is not a damsel in distress and needs to
save herself except the movie does not have a happy ending.
Why Takes a spin on a predictable plot to make it unpredictable
When Mid to late 1800s like most princess movies
Where France

9. Idea 3
Who Madelynn Cooper
Age 28
What She dies in a tragic car accident and she wakes up in the afterlife. Instead of awakening in the typical heaven
or hell, she comes face to face with a 5 year old little girl. She is now the imaginary friend of the little girl.
Why In this universe, this is what happens once you die.
When Modern day
Where American town.

10. Mood board:

11. Character type How they appear in your story
The Hero The Investigator - Chrystal Hale
The Villain Diana Puckett (poor version)
The Helper Jordyn – goes to school with Diana and helps rich Diana to get back to her reality
The Donor Jordyn – Shows Diana where Diana’s diary is in which she learnt how to enter
other realities
The Princess or
prize
To get home
Use this template to apply Propp’s character types to your chosen film. Write in the boxes to explain which character
acts as each type in your film.

12. WWWWW
Who Diana Puckett – Rich girl, happy family
Diana Puckett – Poor girl, family issues
Fleur Puckett – Diana Puckett’s mother
Peirce Pickett – Diana Pickett’s father
Chrystal Hale – Lead investigator
Jordyn – Girl from the poor reality who makes friends with rich Diana
What Two realities. In one of the realities Diana Puckett comes from a rich, successful family and in the other reality she comes
from a poor family. The poor Diana finds out how to travel to the alternate reality and murders the richer version of herself
in order to take over her life. The rich girl wakes up in the alternate reality to her own and has to try to make her own way
home. An investigator is also on the case as the body of rich Diana is found yet there is still a healthy and alive Diana
going about her daily life and so it makes no sense.
Why Poor Diana is sick of her boring life which seems like a dead end. She keeps having recurring dreams about rich Diana
and thinks they’re just dreams until she realises that rich Diana actually exists once finding out about reality shifting. She
knows that there must be a reality out in another universe where she exists in a more successful household flooding with
life opportunities. She believes that the only way to be happy is if she takes over her life.
When Set in modern day.
Where Pennsylvanian suburbs, USA
Use this template to apply Who, What, Where, When, Why and How to your chosen film. Write in the boxes to explain
what is happening in your story at each point.

13. Movie Poster Practice
I was assigned a name for an adventure
movie, ‘Rescue in the dunes’. I decided
to go with a cowboy themed adventure
film. I used photos I found on the internet
and edited them together to compile a
poster.
This is the photo I started
with:
I decided I wanted my
poster to have a sunset
with a large moon to be
more eye catching and
add a sense of mystery
as to what the movie
may be about.
In addition to changing
the appearance of the
sky, I edited the photo
so that there was
more sand apparent
so that when I add the
cowboys to the image
there would be more
space available.
Next, I inserted a
silhouette of a
cowboy looking
mysterious in front
of the full moon.
This character
would be the
protagonist/ main
character of the
movie.
Additionally, I
added a group of
cowboys riding on
horses looking very
determined. These
could be the
antagonists to the
film or rather a
gang in which the
protagonist is a
part of. It all
depends
on how the audience chooses to perceive
this poster. I also chose to edit in an
‘explosion’ of sand to where the horses
are seen running to make the image
seem more photo-realistic.
Finally, I put in the movie title and
movie poster credits to make the
poster seem more legitimate.

14. Research
Research

15. Movie Poster Research
Promising Young Woman (2020):
The use of the lipstick writing as the title of the poster
represents the femininity of the protagonist character of this
film.
It leads us to think that this film may follow the themes of a
classic chick-flick movie when in fact the themes of this film are
very dark.
In the film, the main character (Cassie) shown in the poster,
uses her beauty and femininity to lure men who are seeking to
take advantage of a vulnerable young woman. The
representation of her beauty within the film is clearly the key
theme of the movie poster.
The use of the vibrant colours in the poster make it stand out in
contrast to films which may not have as much of a bright colour
theme.

16. Last night in Soho (2021):
The use of the contrasting blue and red colours in this poster
represent the differences of the two characters shown in the
image. For example, the protagonist of the movie (shown on
the left, Eloise) is in fear throughout the film, hence the eye-
catching red colour. The other main character of the film
(shown on the right, Sandie) is clueless to the danger she is in
during the film and it is the protagonists role to save her.
The poster also contains details such as broken glass which
represents the mirror between the two characters in which the
protagonist looks through and sees the body of Sandie as her
reflection as she gets to see the lead up to Sandie’s murder in
her eyes.
The use of neon lights as the font for the movie title represents
the club in which the story of Sandie is set during the film.
Movie Poster Research

17. Movie Poster Research
A Simple Favour (2018):
The use of the close-up shots and black and white filter create a
sense of drama. In addition to this, the red shown in the middle
behind the body of the character Sean suggests a sense of
danger which may lead us to believe that there may be a moment
in the film where he is in danger.
Additionally, the use of the sharp, bold font for the movie title
represents the modern aesthetic of the film.
The drama of the black and white filter also adds to the old-fashioned
Hollywood appeal to the poster yet managing to keep it simple and
modern.

18. Empire Magazine Joker (2019) Poster:
The bright green movie title against the ashy grey background
makes the poster really stand out which is useful as a
marketing technique as since this is a magazine cover and
therefore will stand out on the shelf in shops. The bright neon
green of the movie tile represents the childishness inside of
the joker as the bright neon colour is almost comical and fits
well with his clown persona.
Furthermore, the way in which the Joker’s face is overlayed
over his face with no makeup may purposefully represent that
the Joker is a part of who he is and throughout the movie we
see him grow into a more manic clown.
In addition to this, the dark ashy grey sort of symbolises his
smoking habits and the grungy darkness of his character.

19. Stranger Things Season 2 (2017) Billboard:
This billboard really stands out due to the bright and
vibrant colours. This is important in the design because
the show ‘Stranger Things’ is set in the 1980s and those
were the years when bright neon colours came into
fashion. The blue of the pumpkin field represents the
mystery element of the show whereas the bright red in the
sky represents the danger and drama. We can see the
main characters and relevant side characters in the poster
and figure out the relevance of their part in the show due
to where in the poster they are placed. For example, the
main character Eleven is seen right in the centre of the
poster doing a dramatic pose. This leads us as viewers to
wonder if she is the protagonist/hero of the series.

20. Research Summary
• What have you learned from your research?
I have noticed the editing techniques that are common within the marketing of
movies on different poster styles. For example movie posters tend to feature
the main character/s in the centre and it will often have a bright colour/s as the
title in order for it to gain the audience’s attention.
• What aspects of the research will you include within your on work?
I will include a dark background with hints of bright colours in order for it to
stand out. The poster in which I am most drawn to is the Last Night in Soho
poster as it has a cracked glass effect and that has definitely inspired me.

21. Bibliography
1. Emerald Fennell’s Promising Young Woman (2019)
2. Edgar Wright’s Last Night in Soho (2021)
3. Paul Feig’s A Simple Favour (2018)
4. Todd Phillips’ The Joker (2019)
5. Matt and Ross Duffer’s Stranger Things (2016-)

22. Bibliography
Pre-production and
Planning

23. Ideas for different posters

24. Fonts Colour Palettes

25. Film production company
name
Movie title
Main image
Release date
Poster credits
Movie Poster Idea
Template

26. Risk Assessment
What could be a risk to you, others or the
equipment?
How can you make sure that doesn’t happen? What
will you do if it does?
Loss of images Make sure my phone is always backed up and that the
images are saved to a separate folder so that I can
easily transfer the images onto my computer.
Tripping hazards whilst taking photos Always be aware of my surrounding in case of
damaging a good set up.
My help may become unavailable Set a time and date that works for the both of us

27. Contingency
What can go wrong? What can you do if it does?
Bad lighting Ensure that I have the right materials to create
effective lighting.
Wardrobe malfunctions Ensure that my model looks the part by supplying
clothing that will make her look like the character I
have in mind.
Low quality photos I will edit the images to make certain features stand
out an toggle the lighting and effects to my liking.
Low professionalism My model will pose the way the main character
would.
Photoshop could crash Make sure that I am saving my work as I go along in-
case of risk of losing progress.

28. Production

29. The Shift - Movie Synopsis
In two universes, Diana Puckett lives very opposite lives. In one world, she lives in the poorest neighbourhood in
Philadelphia. In another, she lives in the richest suburbs in that same city. We learn in the movie that poor Diana has
learnt the ability to travel into another universe after she begins to discover many of the same animals, as if they were
cloned, in the forest dividing the rich and poor suburbs. She decided to investigate and falls into a mirror on the floor of the
forest. She wakes up in the same forest and decided to continue home. Once she arrives home, her family is not there
and instead there is another family living in her home who claim they have been living there for years. Confused and
panicked, she goes for a walk to clear her mind in the rich neighbourhood like she commonly does because it makes her
calm. She stops to look the house in which she is always fascinated by its grandness. She noticed her family inside of that
house, dressed in the richest clothes and looking extremely happy together, which is rare for Diana since her family is
always fighting due to financial struggles, drugs and stress. She cant believe her eyes and begins to plot a plan.
The movie then shifts to the rich Diana getting ready for bed as she usually does. Suddenly there is a knock at the door by
the chief of police, Chrystal Hale, to break some heart-breaking news to her parents, their beloved daughter was found
stabbed to death in the forest not too far from their house. They laugh at the news as they know that they just said
goodnight to Diana minutes prior. Diana stands at the top of the stairs incredibly confused. The police assume it’s a
mistake however the investigation continues as Chrystal refuses to let it go. Who’s body was found dead?
By the end of the movie we discover that it was in fact poor Diana who murdered rich Diana in a scheme to take over her
life and Chrystal Hale is the only person who figured it out and no one believes her so the movie shows her slowly losing
her mind.

30. Box Office Movie
Poster Complete:

31. Magazine Front Cover

32. Advertising:

33. Adventure
Part II

34. Bibliography
Pre-production and
Planning

35. Game mind map
Customizable character.
Aerial view of the world (like
animal crossing and sims etc.)
Visually pleasing world.
Interview other characters in
the world and solve puzzles
to move farther in the
investigations.
Every now and again you will fall into a
hole, landing you into another reality
and it is your job to escape by doing a
Mario-style mini game.
After every interview, the
information will be logged onto a
notebook in which you carry at all
times which you can then analyse
at your office which is placed in
the ‘main’ world.
Murder mystery.
After each completed investigation you
will earn money which can unlock new
clothes or supplies which could help in
your investigations and/or combat
when needed.

36. Game mood board

37. Animal Crossing:
Animal Crossing is a social simulation video game series developed and
published by Nintendo. It is an endless and non-linear game in which a human
takes up residence in a village inhabited by friendly animals. The main goal of the
game is to save money in order to pay off the mortgage on the human's house.
This requires collecting natural materials and selling them.
Players are able to create relationships witch other characters and throw events
such as parties and picnics.
As a player you are able to expand on the town/village by building the “perfect
town”. This game is like an ideal life in which you can give full play to your
creativity and create an ideal life in it.
You can customise your personal character and your surroundings to
your liking.
Animal Crossing has a pastel/vibrant colour palette and uses 3D
animation. The game is commonly played on a Nintendo Switch.
In an interview with Satoru Iwata (a Japanese video game programmer
and designer) Iwata stated that Animal Crossing’s largest demographic was
Women ages 19 to 24.

38. The Sims:
The Sims is a series of life simulation video games developed by Maxis and
published by Electronic Arts. The franchise has sold nearly 200 million copies
worldwide, and it is one of the best-selling video game series of all time. The aim
of the game is to create a family and land your dream job and you are able to play
for never ending generations. The Sims provides a world of
nearly infinite freedom, allowing players to determine the type and quality of
life for their characters.
The game uses 3D graphics and you are able to make your sims appear as realistic
as you may chose. The way in which the players get to view the life of their sims is
by an aerial viewpoint, this is so that the player can play as their sims in an easier
way as it means that they can easily navigate their surroundings.
According to a recent case study, the average age of The Sims player is in line with
global trends, which put the majority of gamers in the 18-34 years category. This
may be because The Sims is a way for young adults who may be tighter with
money than any other age to create their own fantasy life and live out a rich and
successful life through the lives of their own personal sims.

39. Super Mario Bros:
Super Mario Bros. is a video game released for the Family Computer and Nintendo
Entertainment System in 1985. The game begins with the kidnapping of Princess
Peach and it is Mario’s job as the possible hero to rescue her from the kidnapper
bowser. The game consists of multiple levels within multiple worlds and just as
you might think you have defeated bowser at the end of every world, he travels to
yet another world to keep the princess captive. Along the way there are obstacles
such as angry mushrooms, turtle shells that can wipe you out in an instant, giant
canons, fire breathing Venus fly traps, and many more.
Throughout the years, the complexity of the graphics of this game have improved
enormously. The first game (1985) started out as an extremely pixelated, two
dimensional arcade game and has since grown into an empire of multiple newer
games and spin off games with much higher quality 3D graphics. The contrast of
flashing orange question-mark blocks against an ordinary blue background grabs
the player’s attention. Mario himself sticks out in bright red, making him stand out
in both the above ground and below ground sections of the level.
It's a common to believe that family friendly means the target audience is at
young kids. In fact, it's targeting broadly. Like early Pixar movies, Nintendo games
often times are ones that are enjoyable by both children and adults.

40. Experiments
These two clips are my first attempts at a pixelated animation. The
knowledge that I have picked up whilst working on these animations
will later help me when it comes to creating my pixel animation on at
a larger scale.
The first animation was just a simple smiley face’s smile growing and
shrinking. This was a very basic task as all I had to do was change the
format of the mouth. However, this helped me develop skills such as
how to navigate the stop-motion aspect of photoshop.
With the second animation I chose to go a bit more detailed with the
background in order to inspire me for when I get round to doing the
real animation project. I chose to do a sunset/moonrise animation as
I was taught how to do a bouncing ball animation and they
somewhat follow the same animation format.

41. Experiments
The first clip (shown at the top) shows the end product of my first
attempt on my game layout. I used the same background template as I
created previously for my original attempt of how to programme
animation. I decided that I want my game to be a ‘platform’ style of game
as the rules are easy to understand and I get to have full creativity of how
the ‘world’ looks. As shown in the clip, I have decided that the character
can collect coins throughout each level which allows the player to unlock
new customisable items and ask more intriguing questions during an
investigation if they want (the bigger coins are worth 10 each). In addition
to this, They can look through treasure chests which may lead to finding
evidence which can help with the investigation.
The clip shown at the bottom, shows the animation of the movements of
the character in the game. I made it so that as the character runs, her
arms move back and forth along with her legs. I additionally made it look
like her hair is flowing as it would in the wind whilst she runs and also her
head bobs up and down so that she doesn’t look so stiff.

42. Style Sheet
Colour palette: The colour palette for my game is hard to distinguish as each world will follow a different colour
theme. However, I have decided some worlds will include bright and pastel colours which sort of reverts the
expectations of a murder mystery game except it does feed into the alternate realities aspect.
Font: I have decided to use a stereotypical retro, pixel video game font as it fits the aesthetic and design of my
game, yet keeps the game looking innocent and fun.

43. Game layouts
• The player’s perspective of the game is a side-on view of the platform gameplay and that doesn’t
change throughout the progression of the game.
• The game follows a linear gameplay as each part of the game has a end goal.

44. Game Summary
A quick summary of the game.
• The game will take place where you (the player) take the role of a lead investigator in a murder mystery.
• The aim of the game is to solve the murder whilst constantly mysteriously transporting to alternate realities
and having to play a ‘platform’ style minigame in order to get to the next level.
• You must try to solve the murder whilst also trying to escape each reality.
• The game includes the chance to converse with individual characters and that is when you can gather
evidence for the investigation based of their statements.
• Each ‘world’ is set in another reality and at the end of each level you will get the chance to investigate/ get a
statement form a key character and every 20 levels you will travel to another reality and be able to piece the
statements together and move forwards in your investigation.

45. Game Overview
Theme / Setting / Genre
Setting: each new world takes part in a different setting. These may include: a jungle, a forest, a city, a magical
world, etc.
Genre: Platform crime solving
Core Gameplay Mechanics
The game is very similar to Super Mario Bros. as it follows a platform, linear gameplay and similarly after
completing a number of levels, a new world is unlocked.

46. Story and Gameplay
Story
Once upon a time, there was an investigator whose job it was to solve crimes. Each new case took place in a new
‘world’ and it was her job to make sure each culprit was caught. Each ‘world’ contains levels in which the investigator
can collect coins which can benefit her throughout the game process.
Core Gameplay
Upgrade
Character
Core Loop
-$
Spawn in new
world
Run through
level, dodging
threats
Collect coins
-$ +$
Unlock
New Level
-$

47. Levels
Details about how many levels:
Each world will contain around 10-12 levels and they will start of very basic and easy to
understand to more complex and challenging.
How levels will vary:
Each level will look different and slowly become more complex
An example of a beginner level.
An example of a complex level.
Games usually start easy as the player learns the game, getting a bit more difficult until the
player faces off against a nerve-wracking “boss fight” or “challenge gate”, then down to a
bit easier again to let players relax.

48. Assets
Game character Worlds Game Level example

49. Evaluation

50. Research
• I would say that the strengths of my research was the analysis of the magazine covers. This is
because I went in depth and focused on the effects of the use of colours and font style etc. For
example, these things all add up together to determine the way in which the genre of the film is
presented. This is what later helped me when producing my magazine cover product as I knew
how to advertise my product and make it stand out to the target audience. Gathering all this
knowledge is what helped me to create a detailed magazine cover.
• However, a weakness in my research was when I looked into different video games. This is
because as I talked a lot about what you can do within the games , I didn’t focus on gathering
information that may help me in the production stage such as how different colour palettes may
be fit to the target audience etc. To resolve this, I could have done more research on smaller
details which could eventually help me to understand how games are made as I have no prior
experience.

51. Planning
• A strength in my planning, I would say, is the experiments I did whilst learning how to navigate the
new area of photoshop I hadn’t yet discovered. This is because I wrote a lot about what I had
learned and why I chose to do certain designs which eventually helped me create my final
product. Therefore, I am proud of my experiments as I believe that they are what prepared me
most for the production stage of the video game project.
• On the other hand, a weakness in my planning I would say is when talking about the game
layouts. This is because I just didn’t write enough as I believed that there wasn’t much else I
needed to mention about the layout of the game, however I makes it look slightly lazy and
therefore consider it a weakness. To prevent this, I should make sure to write about every detail
and maybe research how I can expand my writing.

52. Time Management
• I would say that my time management was good and has improved since my previous projects.
When doing my magazine cover/advertisement, my time management wasn’t great as I was only
focusing on doing my work in college and forgot about it as I got home however, I turned myself
around and realised that this work ethic was only pushing me back and so I have since been
making sure that if I am close to a deadline, I will ensure that I will meet it,
• To help with my time management, since starting this project, my dad has paid for photoshop on
my computer to make sure that I have the right work resources to help me to do my work form
home and work time efficiently.

53. Technical Qualities

54. Aesthetic Qualities
• I think that although my movie posters and and video game have quite different aesthetic
qualities, I managed to maintain their aesthetic throughout each production.
• For example, with the movie posters, I used purple as the main featured colour throughout as
in my opinion, purple most represents mystery, and the film is a murder mystery case. I
wanted to interpret the idea that the film includes a danger element and therefore I decided
to add a cracked glass element into each poster as it could signify anything dangerous. I am
very proud of how the artistic element of my posters turned out.
• With the video game, I decided to have a childish, happy and fun vibe instead of the very
opposite dangerous vibe. This is because I wanted to experiment with different target
audiences to see with which I work best. In order to create a family friendly vibe, I kept the
complexity of the pixel art simple but ensured I included important aspects such as shadows
in order to make it still appear professionally created.

55. Aural Qualities
• I am happy with the sounds featured in my game as they fit the aesthetic of the theme. For
example, my game is very simple-looing and contains bright colours and therefore it may appeal
to a younger audience. So, for that reason, I downloaded an upbeat Super Mario Bros. style song
as the backing track to the gameplay to make the game seem a bit more fun and enjoyable for it’s
players.
• However, I faced a problem with the audio when it came to adding in additional sound effects.
The main sound effect I wanted to add in was a sound for the coins being collected however
none od the ones I found on websites sounded right or I had to pay. This led me to screen
recording a sound I found on YouTube on my phone and uploading it to iCloud to put onto
premier pro, however when I did, there was no sound and I did it multiple times.

56. Audience Appeal
• My target audience was ages 12+ for the movie which I made the movie poster for. I felt that the
poster/s was made age appropriately as some of them contain themes not suitable for young
children. e.g., blood and knife. The posters aren’t made to stand out to young children, and I
accomplished this by making them have a darker colour palette and and not contain bubbly
happy fonts which are commonly used in children’s film posters.
• My Target audience for the video game was 6+ as the game has no harsh themes and contains
bright and vibrant colours which could appeal to a younger audience. The game is easy and
straightforward to understand except it does progressively get harder which could be useful at
building problem-solving skills in children. In addition to this, as previously noted, the game
includes an upbeat song as its theme tune which is not scary in the slightest or could disturb
children.

57. Overall strengths and weaknesses of the final
package.